netbase.cpp raw

   1  // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
   2  // Copyright (c) 2009-present The Bitcoin Core developers
   3  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
   4  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
   5  
   6  #include <bitcoin-build-config.h> // IWYU pragma: keep
   7  
   8  #include <netbase.h>
   9  
  10  #include <compat/compat.h>
  11  #include <sync.h>
  12  #include <tinyformat.h>
  13  #include <util/log.h>
  14  #include <util/sock.h>
  15  #include <util/strencodings.h>
  16  #include <util/string.h>
  17  #include <util/time.h>
  18  
  19  #include <atomic>
  20  #include <chrono>
  21  #include <cstdint>
  22  #include <functional>
  23  #include <limits>
  24  #include <memory>
  25  
  26  #ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_UN
  27  #include <sys/un.h>
  28  #endif
  29  
  30  using util::ContainsNoNUL;
  31  
  32  // Settings
  33  static GlobalMutex g_proxyinfo_mutex;
  34  static Proxy proxyInfo[NET_MAX] GUARDED_BY(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
  35  static Proxy nameProxy GUARDED_BY(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
  36  int nConnectTimeout = DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT;
  37  bool fNameLookup = DEFAULT_NAME_LOOKUP;
  38  
  39  // Need ample time for negotiation for very slow proxies such as Tor
  40  std::chrono::milliseconds g_socks5_recv_timeout = 20s;
  41  CThreadInterrupt g_socks5_interrupt;
  42  
  43  ReachableNets g_reachable_nets;
  44  
  45  std::vector<CNetAddr> WrappedGetAddrInfo(const std::string& name, bool allow_lookup)
  46  {
  47      addrinfo ai_hint{};
  48      // We want a TCP port, which is a streaming socket type
  49      ai_hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  50      ai_hint.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
  51      // We don't care which address family (IPv4 or IPv6) is returned
  52      ai_hint.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
  53  
  54      // If we allow lookups of hostnames, use the AI_ADDRCONFIG flag to only
  55      // return addresses whose family we have an address configured for.
  56      //
  57      // If we don't allow lookups, then use the AI_NUMERICHOST flag for
  58      // getaddrinfo to only decode numerical network addresses and suppress
  59      // hostname lookups.
  60      ai_hint.ai_flags = allow_lookup ? AI_ADDRCONFIG : AI_NUMERICHOST;
  61  
  62      addrinfo* ai_res{nullptr};
  63      const int n_err{getaddrinfo(name.c_str(), nullptr, &ai_hint, &ai_res)};
  64      if (n_err != 0) {
  65          if ((ai_hint.ai_flags & AI_ADDRCONFIG) == AI_ADDRCONFIG) {
  66              // AI_ADDRCONFIG on some systems may exclude loopback-only addresses
  67              // If first lookup failed we perform a second lookup without AI_ADDRCONFIG
  68              ai_hint.ai_flags = (ai_hint.ai_flags & ~AI_ADDRCONFIG);
  69              const int n_err_retry{getaddrinfo(name.c_str(), nullptr, &ai_hint, &ai_res)};
  70              if (n_err_retry != 0) {
  71                  return {};
  72              }
  73          } else {
  74              return {};
  75          }
  76      }
  77  
  78      // Traverse the linked list starting with ai_trav.
  79      addrinfo* ai_trav{ai_res};
  80      std::vector<CNetAddr> resolved_addresses;
  81      while (ai_trav != nullptr) {
  82          if (ai_trav->ai_family == AF_INET) {
  83              assert(ai_trav->ai_addrlen >= sizeof(sockaddr_in));
  84              resolved_addresses.emplace_back(reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(ai_trav->ai_addr)->sin_addr);
  85          }
  86          if (ai_trav->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
  87              assert(ai_trav->ai_addrlen >= sizeof(sockaddr_in6));
  88              const sockaddr_in6* s6{reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in6*>(ai_trav->ai_addr)};
  89              resolved_addresses.emplace_back(s6->sin6_addr, s6->sin6_scope_id);
  90          }
  91          ai_trav = ai_trav->ai_next;
  92      }
  93      freeaddrinfo(ai_res);
  94  
  95      return resolved_addresses;
  96  }
  97  
  98  DNSLookupFn g_dns_lookup{WrappedGetAddrInfo};
  99  
 100  enum Network ParseNetwork(const std::string& net_in) {
 101      std::string net = ToLower(net_in);
 102      if (net == "ipv4") return NET_IPV4;
 103      if (net == "ipv6") return NET_IPV6;
 104      if (net == "onion") return NET_ONION;
 105      if (net == "i2p") {
 106          return NET_I2P;
 107      }
 108      if (net == "cjdns") {
 109          return NET_CJDNS;
 110      }
 111      return NET_UNROUTABLE;
 112  }
 113  
 114  std::string GetNetworkName(enum Network net)
 115  {
 116      switch (net) {
 117      case NET_UNROUTABLE: return "not_publicly_routable";
 118      case NET_IPV4: return "ipv4";
 119      case NET_IPV6: return "ipv6";
 120      case NET_ONION: return "onion";
 121      case NET_I2P: return "i2p";
 122      case NET_CJDNS: return "cjdns";
 123      case NET_INTERNAL: return "internal";
 124      case NET_MAX: assert(false);
 125      } // no default case, so the compiler can warn about missing cases
 126  
 127      assert(false);
 128  }
 129  
 130  std::vector<std::string> GetNetworkNames(bool append_unroutable)
 131  {
 132      std::vector<std::string> names;
 133      for (int n = 0; n < NET_MAX; ++n) {
 134          const enum Network network{static_cast<Network>(n)};
 135          if (network == NET_UNROUTABLE || network == NET_INTERNAL) continue;
 136          names.emplace_back(GetNetworkName(network));
 137      }
 138      if (append_unroutable) {
 139          names.emplace_back(GetNetworkName(NET_UNROUTABLE));
 140      }
 141      return names;
 142  }
 143  
 144  static std::vector<CNetAddr> LookupIntern(const std::string& name, unsigned int nMaxSolutions, bool fAllowLookup, DNSLookupFn dns_lookup_function)
 145  {
 146      if (!ContainsNoNUL(name)) return {};
 147      {
 148          CNetAddr addr;
 149          // From our perspective, onion addresses are not hostnames but rather
 150          // direct encodings of CNetAddr much like IPv4 dotted-decimal notation
 151          // or IPv6 colon-separated hextet notation. Since we can't use
 152          // getaddrinfo to decode them and it wouldn't make sense to resolve
 153          // them, we return a network address representing it instead. See
 154          // CNetAddr::SetSpecial(const std::string&) for more details.
 155          if (addr.SetSpecial(name)) return {addr};
 156      }
 157  
 158      std::vector<CNetAddr> addresses;
 159  
 160      for (const CNetAddr& resolved : dns_lookup_function(name, fAllowLookup)) {
 161          if (nMaxSolutions > 0 && addresses.size() >= nMaxSolutions) {
 162              break;
 163          }
 164          /* Never allow resolving to an internal address. Consider any such result invalid */
 165          if (!resolved.IsInternal()) {
 166              addresses.push_back(resolved);
 167          }
 168      }
 169  
 170      return addresses;
 171  }
 172  
 173  std::vector<CNetAddr> LookupHost(const std::string& name, unsigned int nMaxSolutions, bool fAllowLookup, DNSLookupFn dns_lookup_function)
 174  {
 175      if (!ContainsNoNUL(name)) return {};
 176      std::string strHost = name;
 177      if (strHost.empty()) return {};
 178      if (strHost.front() == '[' && strHost.back() == ']') {
 179          strHost = strHost.substr(1, strHost.size() - 2);
 180      }
 181  
 182      return LookupIntern(strHost, nMaxSolutions, fAllowLookup, dns_lookup_function);
 183  }
 184  
 185  std::optional<CNetAddr> LookupHost(const std::string& name, bool fAllowLookup, DNSLookupFn dns_lookup_function)
 186  {
 187      const std::vector<CNetAddr> addresses{LookupHost(name, 1, fAllowLookup, dns_lookup_function)};
 188      return addresses.empty() ? std::nullopt : std::make_optional(addresses.front());
 189  }
 190  
 191  std::vector<CService> Lookup(const std::string& name, uint16_t portDefault, bool fAllowLookup, unsigned int nMaxSolutions, DNSLookupFn dns_lookup_function)
 192  {
 193      if (name.empty() || !ContainsNoNUL(name)) {
 194          return {};
 195      }
 196      uint16_t port{portDefault};
 197      std::string hostname;
 198      SplitHostPort(name, port, hostname);
 199  
 200      const std::vector<CNetAddr> addresses{LookupIntern(hostname, nMaxSolutions, fAllowLookup, dns_lookup_function)};
 201      if (addresses.empty()) return {};
 202      std::vector<CService> services;
 203      services.reserve(addresses.size());
 204      for (const auto& addr : addresses)
 205          services.emplace_back(addr, port);
 206      return services;
 207  }
 208  
 209  std::optional<CService> Lookup(const std::string& name, uint16_t portDefault, bool fAllowLookup, DNSLookupFn dns_lookup_function)
 210  {
 211      const std::vector<CService> services{Lookup(name, portDefault, fAllowLookup, 1, dns_lookup_function)};
 212  
 213      return services.empty() ? std::nullopt : std::make_optional(services.front());
 214  }
 215  
 216  CService LookupNumeric(const std::string& name, uint16_t portDefault, DNSLookupFn dns_lookup_function)
 217  {
 218      if (!ContainsNoNUL(name)) {
 219          return {};
 220      }
 221      // "1.2:345" will fail to resolve the ip, but will still set the port.
 222      // If the ip fails to resolve, re-init the result.
 223      return Lookup(name, portDefault, /*fAllowLookup=*/false, dns_lookup_function).value_or(CService{});
 224  }
 225  
 226  bool IsUnixSocketPath(const std::string& name)
 227  {
 228  #ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_UN
 229      if (!name.starts_with(ADDR_PREFIX_UNIX)) return false;
 230  
 231      // Split off "unix:" prefix
 232      std::string str{name.substr(ADDR_PREFIX_UNIX.length())};
 233  
 234      // Path size limit is platform-dependent
 235      // see https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/en/man7/unix.7.html
 236      if (str.size() + 1 > sizeof(((sockaddr_un*)nullptr)->sun_path)) return false;
 237  
 238      return true;
 239  #else
 240      return false;
 241  #endif
 242  }
 243  
 244  /** SOCKS version */
 245  enum SOCKSVersion: uint8_t {
 246      SOCKS4 = 0x04,
 247      SOCKS5 = 0x05
 248  };
 249  
 250  /** Values defined for METHOD in RFC1928 */
 251  enum SOCKS5Method: uint8_t {
 252      NOAUTH = 0x00,        //!< No authentication required
 253      GSSAPI = 0x01,        //!< GSSAPI
 254      USER_PASS = 0x02,     //!< Username/password
 255      NO_ACCEPTABLE = 0xff, //!< No acceptable methods
 256  };
 257  
 258  /** Values defined for CMD in RFC1928 */
 259  enum SOCKS5Command: uint8_t {
 260      CONNECT = 0x01,
 261      BIND = 0x02,
 262      UDP_ASSOCIATE = 0x03
 263  };
 264  
 265  /** Values defined for REP in RFC1928 and https://spec.torproject.org/socks-extensions.html */
 266  enum SOCKS5Reply: uint8_t {
 267      SUCCEEDED = 0x00,                  //!< RFC1928: Succeeded
 268      GENFAILURE = 0x01,                 //!< RFC1928: General failure
 269      NOTALLOWED = 0x02,                 //!< RFC1928: Connection not allowed by ruleset
 270      NETUNREACHABLE = 0x03,             //!< RFC1928: Network unreachable
 271      HOSTUNREACHABLE = 0x04,            //!< RFC1928: Network unreachable
 272      CONNREFUSED = 0x05,                //!< RFC1928: Connection refused
 273      TTLEXPIRED = 0x06,                 //!< RFC1928: TTL expired
 274      CMDUNSUPPORTED = 0x07,             //!< RFC1928: Command not supported
 275      ATYPEUNSUPPORTED = 0x08,           //!< RFC1928: Address type not supported
 276      TOR_HS_DESC_NOT_FOUND = 0xf0,      //!< Tor: Onion service descriptor can not be found
 277      TOR_HS_DESC_INVALID = 0xf1,        //!< Tor: Onion service descriptor is invalid
 278      TOR_HS_INTRO_FAILED = 0xf2,        //!< Tor: Onion service introduction failed
 279      TOR_HS_REND_FAILED = 0xf3,         //!< Tor: Onion service rendezvous failed
 280      TOR_HS_MISSING_CLIENT_AUTH = 0xf4, //!< Tor: Onion service missing client authorization
 281      TOR_HS_WRONG_CLIENT_AUTH = 0xf5,   //!< Tor: Onion service wrong client authorization
 282      TOR_HS_BAD_ADDRESS = 0xf6,         //!< Tor: Onion service invalid address
 283      TOR_HS_INTRO_TIMEOUT = 0xf7,       //!< Tor: Onion service introduction timed out
 284  };
 285  
 286  /** Values defined for ATYPE in RFC1928 */
 287  enum SOCKS5Atyp: uint8_t {
 288      IPV4 = 0x01,
 289      DOMAINNAME = 0x03,
 290      IPV6 = 0x04,
 291  };
 292  
 293  /** Status codes that can be returned by InterruptibleRecv */
 294  enum class IntrRecvError {
 295      OK,
 296      Timeout,
 297      Disconnected,
 298      NetworkError,
 299      Interrupted
 300  };
 301  
 302  /**
 303   * Try to read a specified number of bytes from a socket. Please read the "see
 304   * also" section for more detail.
 305   *
 306   * @param data The buffer where the read bytes should be stored.
 307   * @param len The number of bytes to read into the specified buffer.
 308   * @param timeout The total timeout for this read.
 309   * @param sock The socket (has to be in non-blocking mode) from which to read bytes.
 310   *
 311   * @returns An IntrRecvError indicating the resulting status of this read.
 312   *          IntrRecvError::OK only if all of the specified number of bytes were
 313   *          read.
 314   *
 315   * @see This function can be interrupted by calling g_socks5_interrupt().
 316   *      Sockets can be made non-blocking with Sock::SetNonBlocking().
 317   */
 318  static IntrRecvError InterruptibleRecv(uint8_t* data, size_t len, std::chrono::milliseconds timeout, const Sock& sock)
 319  {
 320      auto curTime{Now<SteadyMilliseconds>()};
 321      const auto endTime{curTime + timeout};
 322      while (len > 0 && curTime < endTime) {
 323          ssize_t ret = sock.Recv(data, len, 0); // Optimistically try the recv first
 324          if (ret > 0) {
 325              len -= ret;
 326              data += ret;
 327          } else if (ret == 0) { // Unexpected disconnection
 328              return IntrRecvError::Disconnected;
 329          } else { // Other error or blocking
 330              int nErr = WSAGetLastError();
 331              if (nErr == WSAEINPROGRESS || nErr == WSAEWOULDBLOCK || nErr == WSAEINVAL) {
 332                  // Only wait at most MAX_WAIT_FOR_IO at a time, unless
 333                  // we're approaching the end of the specified total timeout
 334                  const auto remaining = std::chrono::milliseconds{endTime - curTime};
 335                  const auto timeout = std::min(remaining, std::chrono::milliseconds{MAX_WAIT_FOR_IO});
 336                  if (!sock.Wait(timeout, Sock::RecvEvent)) {
 337                      return IntrRecvError::NetworkError;
 338                  }
 339              } else {
 340                  return IntrRecvError::NetworkError;
 341              }
 342          }
 343          if (g_socks5_interrupt) {
 344              return IntrRecvError::Interrupted;
 345          }
 346          curTime = Now<SteadyMilliseconds>();
 347      }
 348      return len == 0 ? IntrRecvError::OK : IntrRecvError::Timeout;
 349  }
 350  
 351  /** Convert SOCKS5 reply to an error message */
 352  static std::string Socks5ErrorString(uint8_t err)
 353  {
 354      switch(err) {
 355          case SOCKS5Reply::GENFAILURE:
 356              return "general failure";
 357          case SOCKS5Reply::NOTALLOWED:
 358              return "connection not allowed";
 359          case SOCKS5Reply::NETUNREACHABLE:
 360              return "network unreachable";
 361          case SOCKS5Reply::HOSTUNREACHABLE:
 362              return "host unreachable";
 363          case SOCKS5Reply::CONNREFUSED:
 364              return "connection refused";
 365          case SOCKS5Reply::TTLEXPIRED:
 366              return "TTL expired";
 367          case SOCKS5Reply::CMDUNSUPPORTED:
 368              return "protocol error";
 369          case SOCKS5Reply::ATYPEUNSUPPORTED:
 370              return "address type not supported";
 371          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_DESC_NOT_FOUND:
 372              return "onion service descriptor can not be found";
 373          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_DESC_INVALID:
 374              return "onion service descriptor is invalid";
 375          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_INTRO_FAILED:
 376              return "onion service introduction failed";
 377          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_REND_FAILED:
 378              return "onion service rendezvous failed";
 379          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_MISSING_CLIENT_AUTH:
 380              return "onion service missing client authorization";
 381          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_WRONG_CLIENT_AUTH:
 382              return "onion service wrong client authorization";
 383          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_BAD_ADDRESS:
 384              return "onion service invalid address";
 385          case SOCKS5Reply::TOR_HS_INTRO_TIMEOUT:
 386              return "onion service introduction timed out";
 387          default:
 388              return strprintf("unknown (0x%02x)", err);
 389      }
 390  }
 391  
 392  bool Socks5(const std::string& strDest, uint16_t port, const ProxyCredentials* auth, const Sock& sock)
 393  {
 394      try {
 395          IntrRecvError recvr;
 396          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "SOCKS5 connecting %s\n", strDest);
 397          if (strDest.size() > 255) {
 398              LogError("Hostname too long\n");
 399              return false;
 400          }
 401          // Construct the version identifier/method selection message
 402          std::vector<uint8_t> vSocks5Init;
 403          vSocks5Init.push_back(SOCKSVersion::SOCKS5); // We want the SOCK5 protocol
 404          if (auth) {
 405              vSocks5Init.push_back(0x02); // 2 method identifiers follow...
 406              vSocks5Init.push_back(SOCKS5Method::NOAUTH);
 407              vSocks5Init.push_back(SOCKS5Method::USER_PASS);
 408          } else {
 409              vSocks5Init.push_back(0x01); // 1 method identifier follows...
 410              vSocks5Init.push_back(SOCKS5Method::NOAUTH);
 411          }
 412          sock.SendComplete(vSocks5Init, g_socks5_recv_timeout, g_socks5_interrupt);
 413          uint8_t pchRet1[2];
 414          if (InterruptibleRecv(pchRet1, 2, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock) != IntrRecvError::OK) {
 415              LogInfo("Socks5() connect to %s:%d failed: InterruptibleRecv() timeout or other failure\n", strDest, port);
 416              return false;
 417          }
 418          if (pchRet1[0] != SOCKSVersion::SOCKS5) {
 419              LogError("Proxy failed to initialize\n");
 420              return false;
 421          }
 422          if (pchRet1[1] == SOCKS5Method::USER_PASS && auth) {
 423              // Perform username/password authentication (as described in RFC1929)
 424              std::vector<uint8_t> vAuth;
 425              vAuth.push_back(0x01); // Current (and only) version of user/pass subnegotiation
 426              if (auth->username.size() > 255 || auth->password.size() > 255) {
 427                  LogError("Proxy username or password too long\n");
 428                  return false;
 429              }
 430              vAuth.push_back(auth->username.size());
 431              vAuth.insert(vAuth.end(), auth->username.begin(), auth->username.end());
 432              vAuth.push_back(auth->password.size());
 433              vAuth.insert(vAuth.end(), auth->password.begin(), auth->password.end());
 434              LogDebug(BCLog::PROXY, "SOCKS5 sending username/password authentication\n");
 435              sock.SendComplete(vAuth, g_socks5_recv_timeout, g_socks5_interrupt);
 436              uint8_t pchRetA[2];
 437              if (InterruptibleRecv(pchRetA, 2, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock) != IntrRecvError::OK) {
 438                  LogError("Error reading proxy authentication response\n");
 439                  return false;
 440              }
 441              if (pchRetA[0] != 0x01 || pchRetA[1] != 0x00) {
 442                  LogError("Proxy authentication unsuccessful\n");
 443                  return false;
 444              }
 445          } else if (pchRet1[1] == SOCKS5Method::NOAUTH) {
 446              // Perform no authentication
 447          } else {
 448              LogError("Proxy requested wrong authentication method %02x\n", pchRet1[1]);
 449              return false;
 450          }
 451          std::vector<uint8_t> vSocks5;
 452          vSocks5.push_back(SOCKSVersion::SOCKS5);   // VER protocol version
 453          vSocks5.push_back(SOCKS5Command::CONNECT); // CMD CONNECT
 454          vSocks5.push_back(0x00);                   // RSV Reserved must be 0
 455          vSocks5.push_back(SOCKS5Atyp::DOMAINNAME); // ATYP DOMAINNAME
 456          vSocks5.push_back(strDest.size());         // Length<=255 is checked at beginning of function
 457          vSocks5.insert(vSocks5.end(), strDest.begin(), strDest.end());
 458          vSocks5.push_back((port >> 8) & 0xFF);
 459          vSocks5.push_back((port >> 0) & 0xFF);
 460          sock.SendComplete(vSocks5, g_socks5_recv_timeout, g_socks5_interrupt);
 461          uint8_t pchRet2[4];
 462          if ((recvr = InterruptibleRecv(pchRet2, 4, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock)) != IntrRecvError::OK) {
 463              if (recvr == IntrRecvError::Timeout) {
 464                  /* If a timeout happens here, this effectively means we timed out while connecting
 465                   * to the remote node. This is very common for Tor, so do not print an
 466                   * error message. */
 467                  return false;
 468              } else {
 469                  LogError("Error while reading proxy response\n");
 470                  return false;
 471              }
 472          }
 473          if (pchRet2[0] != SOCKSVersion::SOCKS5) {
 474              LogError("Proxy failed to accept request\n");
 475              return false;
 476          }
 477          if (pchRet2[1] != SOCKS5Reply::SUCCEEDED) {
 478              // Failures to connect to a peer that are not proxy errors
 479              LogDebug(BCLog::NET,
 480                            "Socks5() connect to %s:%d failed: %s\n", strDest, port, Socks5ErrorString(pchRet2[1]));
 481              return false;
 482          }
 483          if (pchRet2[2] != 0x00) { // Reserved field must be 0
 484              LogError("Error: malformed proxy response\n");
 485              return false;
 486          }
 487          uint8_t pchRet3[256];
 488          switch (pchRet2[3]) {
 489          case SOCKS5Atyp::IPV4: recvr = InterruptibleRecv(pchRet3, 4, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock); break;
 490          case SOCKS5Atyp::IPV6: recvr = InterruptibleRecv(pchRet3, 16, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock); break;
 491          case SOCKS5Atyp::DOMAINNAME: {
 492              recvr = InterruptibleRecv(pchRet3, 1, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock);
 493              if (recvr != IntrRecvError::OK) {
 494                  LogError("Error reading from proxy\n");
 495                  return false;
 496              }
 497              int nRecv = pchRet3[0];
 498              recvr = InterruptibleRecv(pchRet3, nRecv, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock);
 499              break;
 500          }
 501          default: {
 502              LogError("Error: malformed proxy response\n");
 503              return false;
 504          }
 505          }
 506          if (recvr != IntrRecvError::OK) {
 507              LogError("Error reading from proxy\n");
 508              return false;
 509          }
 510          if (InterruptibleRecv(pchRet3, 2, g_socks5_recv_timeout, sock) != IntrRecvError::OK) {
 511              LogError("Error reading from proxy\n");
 512              return false;
 513          }
 514          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "SOCKS5 connected %s\n", strDest);
 515          return true;
 516      } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
 517          LogError("Error during SOCKS5 proxy handshake: %s\n", e.what());
 518          return false;
 519      }
 520  }
 521  
 522  std::unique_ptr<Sock> CreateSockOS(int domain, int type, int protocol)
 523  {
 524      // Not IPv4, IPv6 or UNIX
 525      if (domain == AF_UNSPEC) return nullptr;
 526  
 527      // Create a socket in the specified address family.
 528      SOCKET hSocket = socket(domain, type, protocol);
 529      if (hSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
 530          return nullptr;
 531      }
 532  
 533      auto sock = std::make_unique<Sock>(hSocket);
 534  
 535      if (domain != AF_INET && domain != AF_INET6 && domain != AF_UNIX) {
 536          return sock;
 537      }
 538  
 539      // Ensure that waiting for I/O on this socket won't result in undefined
 540      // behavior.
 541      if (!sock->IsSelectable()) {
 542          LogInfo("Cannot create connection: non-selectable socket created (fd >= FD_SETSIZE ?)\n");
 543          return nullptr;
 544      }
 545  
 546  #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
 547      int set = 1;
 548      // Set the no-sigpipe option on the socket for BSD systems, other UNIXes
 549      // should use the MSG_NOSIGNAL flag for every send.
 550      if (sock->SetSockOpt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &set, sizeof(int)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
 551          LogInfo("Error setting SO_NOSIGPIPE on socket: %s, continuing anyway\n",
 552                    NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError()));
 553      }
 554  #endif
 555  
 556      // Set the non-blocking option on the socket.
 557      if (!sock->SetNonBlocking()) {
 558          LogInfo("Error setting socket to non-blocking: %s\n", NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError()));
 559          return nullptr;
 560      }
 561  
 562  #ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_UN
 563      if (domain == AF_UNIX) return sock;
 564  #endif
 565  
 566      if (protocol == IPPROTO_TCP) {
 567          // Set the no-delay option (disable Nagle's algorithm) on the TCP socket.
 568          const int on{1};
 569          if (sock->SetSockOpt(IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &on, sizeof(on)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
 570              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Unable to set TCP_NODELAY on a newly created socket, continuing anyway\n");
 571          }
 572      }
 573  
 574      return sock;
 575  }
 576  
 577  std::function<std::unique_ptr<Sock>(int, int, int)> CreateSock = CreateSockOS;
 578  
 579  template<typename... Args>
 580  static void LogConnectFailure(bool manual_connection, util::ConstevalFormatString<sizeof...(Args)> fmt, const Args&... args)
 581  {
 582      std::string error_message = tfm::format(fmt, args...);
 583      if (manual_connection) {
 584          LogInfo("%s\n", error_message);
 585      } else {
 586          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "%s\n", error_message);
 587      }
 588  }
 589  
 590  static bool ConnectToSocket(const Sock& sock,
 591                              struct sockaddr* sockaddr,
 592                              socklen_t len,
 593                              const std::string& dest_str,
 594                              bool manual_connection,
 595                              std::chrono::milliseconds timeout)
 596  {
 597      // Connect to `sockaddr` using `sock`.
 598      if (sock.Connect(sockaddr, len) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
 599          int nErr = WSAGetLastError();
 600          // WSAEINVAL is here because some legacy version of winsock uses it
 601          if (nErr == WSAEINPROGRESS || nErr == WSAEWOULDBLOCK || nErr == WSAEINVAL)
 602          {
 603              // Connection didn't actually fail, but is being established
 604              // asynchronously. Thus, use async I/O api (select/poll)
 605              // synchronously to check for successful connection with a timeout.
 606              const Sock::Event requested = Sock::RecvEvent | Sock::SendEvent;
 607              Sock::Event occurred;
 608              if (!sock.Wait(timeout, requested, &occurred)) {
 609                  LogInfo("wait for connect to %s failed: %s\n",
 610                            dest_str,
 611                            NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError()));
 612                  return false;
 613              } else if (occurred == 0) {
 614                  LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "connection attempt to %s timed out\n", dest_str);
 615                  return false;
 616              }
 617  
 618              // Even if the wait was successful, the connect might not
 619              // have been successful. The reason for this failure is hidden away
 620              // in the SO_ERROR for the socket in modern systems. We read it into
 621              // sockerr here.
 622              int sockerr;
 623              socklen_t sockerr_len = sizeof(sockerr);
 624              if (sock.GetSockOpt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &sockerr, &sockerr_len) ==
 625                  SOCKET_ERROR) {
 626                  LogInfo("getsockopt() for %s failed: %s\n", dest_str, NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError()));
 627                  return false;
 628              }
 629              if (sockerr != 0) {
 630                  LogConnectFailure(manual_connection,
 631                                    "connect() to %s failed after wait: %s",
 632                                    dest_str,
 633                                    NetworkErrorString(sockerr));
 634                  return false;
 635              }
 636          }
 637  #ifdef WIN32
 638          else if (WSAGetLastError() != WSAEISCONN)
 639  #else
 640          else
 641  #endif
 642          {
 643              LogConnectFailure(manual_connection, "connect() to %s failed: %s", dest_str, NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError()));
 644              return false;
 645          }
 646      }
 647      return true;
 648  }
 649  
 650  std::unique_ptr<Sock> ConnectDirectly(const CService& dest, bool manual_connection)
 651  {
 652      return ConnectDirectly(dest, manual_connection, std::chrono::milliseconds{nConnectTimeout});
 653  }
 654  
 655  std::unique_ptr<Sock> ConnectDirectly(const CService& dest,
 656                                        bool manual_connection,
 657                                        std::chrono::milliseconds timeout)
 658  {
 659      auto sock = CreateSock(dest.GetSAFamily(), SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
 660      if (!sock) {
 661          LogError("Cannot create a socket for connecting to %s\n", dest.ToStringAddrPort());
 662          return {};
 663      }
 664  
 665      // Create a sockaddr from the specified service.
 666      struct sockaddr_storage sockaddr;
 667      socklen_t len = sizeof(sockaddr);
 668      if (!dest.GetSockAddr((struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, &len)) {
 669          LogInfo("Cannot get sockaddr for %s: unsupported network\n", dest.ToStringAddrPort());
 670          return {};
 671      }
 672  
 673      if (!ConnectToSocket(*sock, (struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, len, dest.ToStringAddrPort(), manual_connection, timeout)) {
 674          return {};
 675      }
 676  
 677      return sock;
 678  }
 679  
 680  std::unique_ptr<Sock> Proxy::Connect() const
 681  {
 682      if (!IsValid()) return {};
 683  
 684      if (!m_is_unix_socket) return ConnectDirectly(proxy, /*manual_connection=*/true);
 685  
 686  #ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_UN
 687      auto sock = CreateSock(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
 688      if (!sock) {
 689          LogError("Cannot create a socket for connecting to %s\n", m_unix_socket_path);
 690          return {};
 691      }
 692  
 693      const std::string path{m_unix_socket_path.substr(ADDR_PREFIX_UNIX.length())};
 694  
 695      struct sockaddr_un addrun;
 696      memset(&addrun, 0, sizeof(addrun));
 697      addrun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
 698      // leave the last char in addrun.sun_path[] to be always '\0'
 699      memcpy(addrun.sun_path, path.c_str(), std::min(sizeof(addrun.sun_path) - 1, path.length()));
 700      socklen_t len = sizeof(addrun);
 701  
 702      if (!ConnectToSocket(*sock,
 703                           (struct sockaddr*)&addrun,
 704                           len,
 705                           path,
 706                           /*manual_connection=*/true,
 707                           std::chrono::milliseconds{nConnectTimeout})) {
 708          return {};
 709      }
 710  
 711      return sock;
 712  #else
 713      return {};
 714  #endif
 715  }
 716  
 717  bool SetProxy(enum Network net, const Proxy &addrProxy) {
 718      assert(net >= 0 && net < NET_MAX);
 719      if (!addrProxy.IsValid())
 720          return false;
 721      LOCK(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
 722      proxyInfo[net] = addrProxy;
 723      return true;
 724  }
 725  
 726  std::optional<Proxy> GetProxy(enum Network net)
 727  {
 728      assert(net >= 0 && net < NET_MAX);
 729      LOCK(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
 730      if (!proxyInfo[net].IsValid()) {
 731          return std::nullopt;
 732      }
 733      return proxyInfo[net];
 734  }
 735  
 736  bool SetNameProxy(const Proxy &addrProxy) {
 737      if (!addrProxy.IsValid())
 738          return false;
 739      LOCK(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
 740      nameProxy = addrProxy;
 741      return true;
 742  }
 743  
 744  std::optional<Proxy> GetNameProxy()
 745  {
 746      LOCK(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
 747      if (!nameProxy.IsValid()) {
 748          return std::nullopt;
 749      }
 750      return nameProxy;
 751  }
 752  
 753  bool HaveNameProxy() {
 754      LOCK(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
 755      return nameProxy.IsValid();
 756  }
 757  
 758  bool IsProxy(const CNetAddr &addr) {
 759      LOCK(g_proxyinfo_mutex);
 760      for (int i = 0; i < NET_MAX; i++) {
 761          if (addr == static_cast<CNetAddr>(proxyInfo[i].proxy))
 762              return true;
 763      }
 764      return false;
 765  }
 766  
 767  /**
 768   * Generate unique credentials for Tor stream isolation. Tor will create
 769   * separate circuits for SOCKS5 proxy connections with different credentials, which
 770   * makes it harder to correlate the connections.
 771   */
 772  class TorStreamIsolationCredentialsGenerator
 773  {
 774  public:
 775      TorStreamIsolationCredentialsGenerator():
 776          m_prefix(GenerateUniquePrefix()) {
 777      }
 778  
 779      /** Return the next unique proxy credentials. */
 780      ProxyCredentials Generate() {
 781          ProxyCredentials auth;
 782          auth.username = auth.password = strprintf("%s%i", m_prefix, m_counter);
 783          ++m_counter;
 784          return auth;
 785      }
 786  
 787      /** Size of session prefix in bytes. */
 788      static constexpr size_t PREFIX_BYTE_LENGTH = 8;
 789  private:
 790      const std::string m_prefix;
 791      std::atomic<uint64_t> m_counter;
 792  
 793      /** Generate a random prefix for each of the credentials returned by this generator.
 794       * This makes sure that different launches of the application (either successively or in parallel)
 795       * will not share the same circuits, as would be the case with a bare counter.
 796       */
 797      static std::string GenerateUniquePrefix() {
 798          std::array<uint8_t, PREFIX_BYTE_LENGTH> prefix_bytes;
 799          GetRandBytes(prefix_bytes);
 800          return HexStr(prefix_bytes) + "-";
 801      }
 802  };
 803  
 804  std::unique_ptr<Sock> ConnectThroughProxy(const Proxy& proxy,
 805                                            const std::string& dest,
 806                                            uint16_t port,
 807                                            bool& proxy_connection_failed)
 808  {
 809      // first connect to proxy server
 810      auto sock = proxy.Connect();
 811      if (!sock) {
 812          proxy_connection_failed = true;
 813          return {};
 814      }
 815  
 816      // do socks negotiation
 817      if (proxy.m_tor_stream_isolation) {
 818          static TorStreamIsolationCredentialsGenerator generator;
 819          ProxyCredentials random_auth{generator.Generate()};
 820          if (!Socks5(dest, port, &random_auth, *sock)) {
 821              return {};
 822          }
 823      } else {
 824          if (!Socks5(dest, port, nullptr, *sock)) {
 825              return {};
 826          }
 827      }
 828      return sock;
 829  }
 830  
 831  CSubNet LookupSubNet(const std::string& subnet_str)
 832  {
 833      CSubNet subnet;
 834      assert(!subnet.IsValid());
 835      if (!ContainsNoNUL(subnet_str)) {
 836          return subnet;
 837      }
 838  
 839      const size_t slash_pos{subnet_str.find_last_of('/')};
 840      const std::string str_addr{subnet_str.substr(0, slash_pos)};
 841      std::optional<CNetAddr> addr{LookupHost(str_addr, /*fAllowLookup=*/false)};
 842  
 843      if (addr.has_value()) {
 844          addr = static_cast<CNetAddr>(MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(CService{addr.value(), /*port=*/0}));
 845          if (slash_pos != subnet_str.npos) {
 846              const std::string netmask_str{subnet_str.substr(slash_pos + 1)};
 847              if (const auto netmask{ToIntegral<uint8_t>(netmask_str)}) {
 848                  // Valid number; assume CIDR variable-length subnet masking.
 849                  subnet = CSubNet{addr.value(), *netmask};
 850              } else {
 851                  // Invalid number; try full netmask syntax. Never allow lookup for netmask.
 852                  const std::optional<CNetAddr> full_netmask{LookupHost(netmask_str, /*fAllowLookup=*/false)};
 853                  if (full_netmask.has_value()) {
 854                      subnet = CSubNet{addr.value(), full_netmask.value()};
 855                  }
 856              }
 857          } else {
 858              // Single IP subnet (<ipv4>/32 or <ipv6>/128).
 859              subnet = CSubNet{addr.value()};
 860          }
 861      }
 862  
 863      return subnet;
 864  }
 865  
 866  bool IsBadPort(uint16_t port)
 867  {
 868      /* Don't forget to update doc/p2p-bad-ports.md if you change this list. */
 869  
 870      switch (port) {
 871      case 1:     // tcpmux
 872      case 7:     // echo
 873      case 9:     // discard
 874      case 11:    // systat
 875      case 13:    // daytime
 876      case 15:    // netstat
 877      case 17:    // qotd
 878      case 19:    // chargen
 879      case 20:    // ftp data
 880      case 21:    // ftp access
 881      case 22:    // ssh
 882      case 23:    // telnet
 883      case 25:    // smtp
 884      case 37:    // time
 885      case 42:    // name
 886      case 43:    // nicname
 887      case 53:    // domain
 888      case 69:    // tftp
 889      case 77:    // priv-rjs
 890      case 79:    // finger
 891      case 87:    // ttylink
 892      case 95:    // supdup
 893      case 101:   // hostname
 894      case 102:   // iso-tsap
 895      case 103:   // gppitnp
 896      case 104:   // acr-nema
 897      case 109:   // pop2
 898      case 110:   // pop3
 899      case 111:   // sunrpc
 900      case 113:   // auth
 901      case 115:   // sftp
 902      case 117:   // uucp-path
 903      case 119:   // nntp
 904      case 123:   // NTP
 905      case 135:   // loc-srv /epmap
 906      case 137:   // netbios
 907      case 139:   // netbios
 908      case 143:   // imap2
 909      case 161:   // snmp
 910      case 179:   // BGP
 911      case 389:   // ldap
 912      case 427:   // SLP (Also used by Apple Filing Protocol)
 913      case 465:   // smtp+ssl
 914      case 512:   // print / exec
 915      case 513:   // login
 916      case 514:   // shell
 917      case 515:   // printer
 918      case 526:   // tempo
 919      case 530:   // courier
 920      case 531:   // chat
 921      case 532:   // netnews
 922      case 540:   // uucp
 923      case 548:   // AFP (Apple Filing Protocol)
 924      case 554:   // rtsp
 925      case 556:   // remotefs
 926      case 563:   // nntp+ssl
 927      case 587:   // smtp (rfc6409)
 928      case 601:   // syslog-conn (rfc3195)
 929      case 636:   // ldap+ssl
 930      case 989:   // ftps-data
 931      case 990:   // ftps
 932      case 993:   // ldap+ssl
 933      case 995:   // pop3+ssl
 934      case 1719:  // h323gatestat
 935      case 1720:  // h323hostcall
 936      case 1723:  // pptp
 937      case 2049:  // nfs
 938      case 3306:  // MySQL
 939      case 3389:  // RDP / Windows Remote Desktop
 940      case 3659:  // apple-sasl / PasswordServer
 941      case 4045:  // lockd
 942      case 5060:  // sip
 943      case 5061:  // sips
 944      case 5432:  // PostgreSQL
 945      case 5900:  // VNC
 946      case 6000:  // X11
 947      case 6566:  // sane-port
 948      case 6665:  // Alternate IRC
 949      case 6666:  // Alternate IRC
 950      case 6667:  // Standard IRC
 951      case 6668:  // Alternate IRC
 952      case 6669:  // Alternate IRC
 953      case 6697:  // IRC + TLS
 954      case 10080: // Amanda
 955      case 27017: // MongoDB
 956          return true;
 957      }
 958      return false;
 959  }
 960  
 961  CService MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(const CService& service)
 962  {
 963      CService ret{service};
 964      if (ret.IsIPv6() && ret.HasCJDNSPrefix() && g_reachable_nets.Contains(NET_CJDNS)) {
 965          ret.m_net = NET_CJDNS;
 966      }
 967      return ret;
 968  }
 969  
 970  CService GetBindAddress(const Sock& sock)
 971  {
 972      CService addr_bind;
 973      sockaddr_storage storage;
 974      socklen_t len = sizeof(storage);
 975  
 976      auto sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&storage);
 977  
 978      if (sock.GetSockName(sa, &len) == 0) {
 979          addr_bind.SetSockAddr(sa, len);
 980      } else {
 981          LogWarning("getsockname failed\n");
 982      }
 983      return addr_bind;
 984  }
 985