package iskra

// LemmaResult is the output of lemmatization.
type LemmaResult struct {
	Lemma string // region center (stem/dict form)
	Morph uint16 // morph bits (see Meta* constants)
	Class uint8  // verb class (for verbs); 0=non-verb
}

// Morph bit layout (16 bits).
// Low byte: cross-language inflection (tense/aspect/etc).
// High byte: derivational/voice morphology (passive, causative, etc).
//
//   bit  0: tense        0=non-past    1=past
//   bit  1: aspect       0=simple      1=progressive
//   bit  2: polarity     0=affirm      1=negative
//   bit  3: formality    0=plain       1=polite (JA ます-form)
//   bit  4: number       0=singular    1=plural
//   bit  5: definiteness 0=indef       1=def
//   bit  6: mood         0=indicative  1=volitional (let's...)
//   bit  7: person/3sg   0=unmarked    1=3rd-singular (EN -s on verbs)
//   bit  8: voice        0=active      1=passive (JA れる/られる, EN be+V-ed)
//   bit  9: voice        0=non-causa   1=causative (JA せる/させる, EN make/have)
//   bits 10-15: reserved
const (
	MetaTensePast    uint16 = 1 << 0
	MetaAspectProg   uint16 = 1 << 1
	MetaPolarNeg     uint16 = 1 << 2
	MetaFormalityPol uint16 = 1 << 3
	MetaNumPlural    uint16 = 1 << 4
	MetaDefDef       uint16 = 1 << 5
	MetaMoodVol      uint16 = 1 << 6
	Meta3Sg          uint16 = 1 << 7
	MetaPassive      uint16 = 1 << 8
	MetaCausative    uint16 = 1 << 9
	MetaCompare      uint16 = 1 << 10 // comparative (bigger / 〜より大きい)
)

// Verb classes (used for JA conjugation reconstruction).
const (
	VClassNone     uint8 = 0
	VClassIchidan  uint8 = 1
	VClassGodanKu  uint8 = 2 // 行く
	VClassGodanGu  uint8 = 3 // 泳ぐ
	VClassGodanSu  uint8 = 4 // 話す
	VClassGodanTsu uint8 = 5 // 立つ
	VClassGodanNu  uint8 = 6 // 死ぬ
	VClassGodanBu  uint8 = 7 // 遊ぶ
	VClassGodanMu  uint8 = 8 // 飲む
	VClassGodanRu  uint8 = 9 // 売る
	VClassGodanU   uint8 = 10 // 買う
	VClassSuru     uint8 = 11 // する (irregular)
	VClassKuru     uint8 = 12 // 来る (irregular)
	VClassIAdj     uint8 = 13 // i-adjective (赤い, 楽しい)
	VClassBare     uint8 = 14 // not a verb - emit unchanged
)

// Kept for backwards-compat; person field was previously bits 5-7.
const MetaPersonShift = 7

func (r *Registry) RegisterPhrasalVerb(s string) {
	r.phrasalVerbs[s] = true
}

func (r *Registry) PhrasalVerbCount() int32 {
	return len(r.phrasalVerbs)
}

func (r *Registry) HeadWordEN(atom string) string {
	if r.phrasalVerbs[atom] {
		return atom
	}
	for i := 0; i < len(atom); i++ {
		if atom[i] == ' ' {
			return atom[:i]
		}
	}
	return atom
}

// LemmatizeEN reduces an EN surface form to its lemma and morph state.
// Only strips inflectional suffixes; derivational morphology preserved.
func LemmatizeEN(word string) LemmaResult {
	// Untranslated-atom marker is a sealed sentinel; pass through unchanged.
	if word == UntranslatedMarker {
		return LemmaResult{Lemma: word, Morph: 0}
	}
	low := toLowerEN(word)

	// Check irregular table first.
	if entry, ok := enIrregular()[low]; ok {
		return entry
	}

	// Progressive: -ing
	if len(low) > 4 && hasSuffix(low, "ing") {
		stem := stripIng(low)
		if stem != "" {
			return LemmaResult{Lemma: stem, Morph: MetaAspectProg}
		}
	}

	// Past/participle: -ed
	if len(low) > 3 && hasSuffix(low, "ed") {
		stem := stripEd(low)
		if stem != "" {
			return LemmaResult{Lemma: stem, Morph: MetaTensePast}
		}
	}

	// 3rd person singular: -es, -ies, -s
	if len(low) > 3 && hasSuffix(low, "ies") {
		stem := low[:len(low)-3] | "y"
		return LemmaResult{Lemma: stem, Morph: Meta3Sg}
	}
	if len(low) > 3 && hasSuffix(low, "es") {
		base := low[:len(low)-2]
		last := base[len(base)-1]
		if last == 's' || last == 'x' || last == 'z' || hasSuffix(base, "sh") || hasSuffix(base, "ch") {
			return LemmaResult{Lemma: base, Morph: Meta3Sg}
		}
		return LemmaResult{Lemma: low[:len(low)-1], Morph: Meta3Sg}
	}
	if len(low) > 2 && low[len(low)-1] == 's' && low[len(low)-2] != 's' &&
		low[len(low)-2] != '\'' {
		// Avoid stripping from words like "less", "miss", "boss".
		// Apostrophe-s contractions (let's, it's, he's) are not plurals.
		c := low[len(low)-2]
		if c != 'u' && c != 'i' { // avoid "bus" -> "bu", "this" -> "thi"
			return LemmaResult{Lemma: low[:len(low)-1], Morph: MetaNumPlural}
		}
	}

	return LemmaResult{Lemma: low, Morph: 0}
}

func stripIng(word string) string {
	// word ends in "ing", len > 4
	base := word[:len(word)-3]
	if len(base) < 3 {
		return word
	}
	last := base[len(base)-1]

	// Double consonant: running -> run, sitting -> sit
	if len(base) > 2 && base[len(base)-1] == base[len(base)-2] && isConsonant(last) {
		return base[:len(base)-1]
	}

	if !isConsonant(last) || last == 'e' {
		return base
	}

	// 'y' at word-end acts as vowel: play, stay, enjoy
	if last == 'y' {
		return base
	}

	// English words never end in bare 'c', 'v', or 'z' - always silent-e
	if last == 'c' || last == 'v' || last == 'z' {
		return base | "e"
	}

	// Two consonants at end: talk, walk, work, help, want, think
	if len(base) >= 2 && isConsonant(base[len(base)-2]) {
		return base
	}

	// Vowel-vowel-consonant (digraph): eat, beat, read, clean, meet
	if len(base) >= 3 && !isConsonant(base[len(base)-2]) && !isConsonant(base[len(base)-3]) {
		return base
	}

	// Single vowel + consonant (CVC): make, give, take, come, write
	return base | "e"
}

func stripEd(word string) string {
	// word ends in "ed", len > 3
	base := word[:len(word)-2]
	last := base[len(base)-1]

	// -ied: tried -> try
	if last == 'i' && len(base) > 1 {
		return base[:len(base)-1] | "y"
	}

	// Double consonant: stopped -> stop
	// Guard against natural double-s: guessed -> guess (not gues)
	if len(base) > 2 && base[len(base)-1] == base[len(base)-2] && isConsonant(last) {
		// If char before the double is a vowel, the double was likely added
		// for -ed (stopped, dropped). If consonant, the double is natural
		// (guessed, passed, missed).
		if len(base) > 2 && !isConsonant(base[len(base)-3]) {
			return base[:len(base)-1]
		}
		return base
	}

	// If already ends in 'e': danced -> dance (strip only 'd')
	if last == 'e' {
		return base
	}

	if !isConsonant(last) {
		return base
	}

	// English words never end in bare 'c', 'v', or 'z' - always silent-e
	if last == 'c' || last == 'v' || last == 'z' {
		return base | "e"
	}

	// Two consonants at end: walked, helped, worked
	if len(base) >= 2 && isConsonant(base[len(base)-2]) {
		return base
	}

	// Vowel-vowel-consonant (digraph): cleaned, feared, appeared
	if len(base) >= 3 && !isConsonant(base[len(base)-2]) && !isConsonant(base[len(base)-3]) {
		return base
	}

	// Single vowel + consonant (CVC): hoped -> hope, used -> use
	return base | "e"
}

func isConsonant(c byte) bool {
	switch c {
	case 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u':
		return false
	}
	return c >= 'a' && c <= 'z'
}

// enIrregular maps surface forms to their lemma + morph state.
func enIrregular() map[string]LemmaResult {
	return map[string]LemmaResult{
	// be
	"am": {Lemma: "be"},
	"is": {Lemma: "be", Morph: Meta3Sg},
	"are": {Lemma: "be"},
	"was": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaTensePast | Meta3Sg},
	"were": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"been": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaAspectProg},
	"being": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	// have
	"has": {Lemma: "have", Morph: Meta3Sg},
	"had": {Lemma: "have", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"having": {Lemma: "have", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	// do
	"does": {Lemma: "do", Morph: Meta3Sg},
	"did": {Lemma: "do", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"done": {Lemma: "do", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// go
	"went": {Lemma: "go", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"gone": {Lemma: "go", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"goes": {Lemma: "go", Morph: Meta3Sg},
	// get
	"got": {Lemma: "get", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"gotten": {Lemma: "get", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// make
	"made": {Lemma: "make", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// take
	"took": {Lemma: "take", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"taken": {Lemma: "take", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// come
	"came": {Lemma: "come", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// see
	"saw": {Lemma: "see", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"seen": {Lemma: "see", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// know
	"knew": {Lemma: "know", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"known": {Lemma: "know", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// give
	"gave": {Lemma: "give", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"given": {Lemma: "give", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// say
	"said": {Lemma: "say", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// tell
	"told": {Lemma: "tell", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// think
	"thought": {Lemma: "think", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// find
	"found": {Lemma: "find", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// leave
	"left": {Lemma: "leave", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// feel
	"felt": {Lemma: "feel", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// become
	"became": {Lemma: "become", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// keep
	"kept": {Lemma: "keep", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// begin
	"began": {Lemma: "begin", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"begun": {Lemma: "begin", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// hear
	"heard": {Lemma: "hear", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// hold
	"held": {Lemma: "hold", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// bring
	"brought": {Lemma: "bring", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// write
	"wrote": {Lemma: "write", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"written": {Lemma: "write", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// sit
	"sat": {Lemma: "sit", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// stand
	"stood": {Lemma: "stand", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// lose
	"lost": {Lemma: "lose", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// pay
	"paid": {Lemma: "pay", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// meet
	"met": {Lemma: "meet", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// lead
	"led": {Lemma: "lead", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// understand
	"understood": {Lemma: "understand", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// speak
	"spoke": {Lemma: "speak", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"spoken": {Lemma: "speak", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// grow
	"grew": {Lemma: "grow", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"grown": {Lemma: "grow", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// win
	"won": {Lemma: "win", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// teach
	"taught": {Lemma: "teach", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// buy
	"bought": {Lemma: "buy", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// send
	"sent": {Lemma: "send", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// build
	"built": {Lemma: "build", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// fall
	"fell": {Lemma: "fall", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"fallen": {Lemma: "fall", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// sell
	"sold": {Lemma: "sell", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// run
	"ran": {Lemma: "run", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// mean
	"meant": {Lemma: "mean", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// spend
	"spent": {Lemma: "spend", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// catch
	"caught": {Lemma: "catch", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// fly
	"flew": {Lemma: "fly", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"flown": {Lemma: "fly", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// eat
	"ate": {Lemma: "eat", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"eaten": {Lemma: "eat", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// bite (PP "bitten" gets MetaPassive to distinguish from simple-past "bit")
	"bit":    {Lemma: "bite", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"bitten": {Lemma: "bite", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPassive},
	// drink
	"drank": {Lemma: "drink", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"drunk": {Lemma: "drink", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// drive
	"drove": {Lemma: "drive", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"driven": {Lemma: "drive", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// sing
	"sang": {Lemma: "sing", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"sung": {Lemma: "sing", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// swim
	"swam": {Lemma: "swim", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"swum": {Lemma: "swim", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// break
	"broke": {Lemma: "break", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"broken": {Lemma: "break", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// choose
	"chose": {Lemma: "choose", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"chosen": {Lemma: "choose", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// draw
	"drew": {Lemma: "draw", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"drawn": {Lemma: "draw", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// forget
	"forgot": {Lemma: "forget", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"forgotten": {Lemma: "forget", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// freeze
	"froze": {Lemma: "freeze", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"frozen": {Lemma: "freeze", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// hide
	"hid": {Lemma: "hide", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"hidden": {Lemma: "hide", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// lie (recline)
	"lay": {Lemma: "lie", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"lain": {Lemma: "lie", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// ride
	"rode": {Lemma: "ride", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"ridden": {Lemma: "ride", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// rise
	"rose": {Lemma: "rise", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"risen": {Lemma: "rise", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// shake
	"shook": {Lemma: "shake", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"shaken": {Lemma: "shake", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// steal
	"stole": {Lemma: "steal", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"stolen": {Lemma: "steal", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// tear
	"tore": {Lemma: "tear", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"torn": {Lemma: "tear", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// throw
	"threw": {Lemma: "throw", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"thrown": {Lemma: "throw", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// wake
	"woke": {Lemma: "wake", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"woken": {Lemma: "wake", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// wear
	"wore": {Lemma: "wear", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"worn": {Lemma: "wear", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// irregular nouns
	"children": {Lemma: "child", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"men": {Lemma: "man", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"women": {Lemma: "woman", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"people": {Lemma: "person", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"mice": {Lemma: "mouse", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"feet": {Lemma: "foot", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"teeth": {Lemma: "tooth", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"geese": {Lemma: "goose", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"lives": {Lemma: "life", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"wives": {Lemma: "wife", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"knives": {Lemma: "knife", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"wolves": {Lemma: "wolf", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"halves": {Lemma: "half", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	"leaves": {Lemma: "leaf", Morph: MetaNumPlural},
	// modals/negative contractions
	"can't": {Lemma: "can", Morph: MetaPolarNeg},
	"won't": {Lemma: "will", Morph: MetaPolarNeg},
	"don't": {Lemma: "do", Morph: MetaPolarNeg},
	"doesn't": {Lemma: "do", Morph: MetaPolarNeg | Meta3Sg},
	"didn't": {Lemma: "do", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},
	"isn't": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaPolarNeg | Meta3Sg},
	"aren't": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaPolarNeg},
	"wasn't": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},
	"weren't": {Lemma: "be", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},
	"haven't": {Lemma: "have", Morph: MetaPolarNeg},
	"hasn't": {Lemma: "have", Morph: MetaPolarNeg | Meta3Sg},
	"hadn't": {Lemma: "have", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},
	"couldn't": {Lemma: "can", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},
	"wouldn't": {Lemma: "will", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},
	"shouldn't": {Lemma: "shall", Morph: MetaTensePast | MetaPolarNeg},

	// CVC-rule overrides: multi-syllable verbs whose -ed/-ing forms
	// produce wrong lemma because the CVC heuristic adds a spurious -e.
	// (happen -> happene, open -> opene, etc.)
	"happened":    {Lemma: "happen", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"happening":   {Lemma: "happen", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"opened":      {Lemma: "open", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"opening":     {Lemma: "open", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"listened":    {Lemma: "listen", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"listening":   {Lemma: "listen", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"offered":     {Lemma: "offer", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"offering":    {Lemma: "offer", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"differed":    {Lemma: "differ", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"suffered":    {Lemma: "suffer", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"suffering":   {Lemma: "suffer", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"wandered":    {Lemma: "wander", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"wandering":   {Lemma: "wander", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"wondered":    {Lemma: "wonder", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"wondering":   {Lemma: "wonder", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"ordered":     {Lemma: "order", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"ordering":    {Lemma: "order", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"murdered":    {Lemma: "murder", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"answered":    {Lemma: "answer", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"answering":   {Lemma: "answer", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"entered":     {Lemma: "enter", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"entering":    {Lemma: "enter", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"remembered":  {Lemma: "remember", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"remembering": {Lemma: "remember", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"considered":  {Lemma: "consider", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"considering": {Lemma: "consider", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"discovered":  {Lemma: "discover", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"discovering": {Lemma: "discover", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"delivered":   {Lemma: "deliver", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"developed":   {Lemma: "develop", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"developing":  {Lemma: "develop", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"gathered":    {Lemma: "gather", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"gathering":   {Lemma: "gather", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"threatened":  {Lemma: "threaten", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"threatening": {Lemma: "threaten", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"strengthened":{Lemma: "strengthen", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"loosened":    {Lemma: "loosen", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"sharpened":   {Lemma: "sharpen", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"flattened":   {Lemma: "flatten", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"softened":    {Lemma: "soften", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"modeled":     {Lemma: "model", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"modeling":    {Lemma: "model", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"traveled":    {Lemma: "travel", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"traveling":   {Lemma: "travel", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"cancelled":   {Lemma: "cancel", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"canceling":   {Lemma: "cancel", Morph: MetaAspectProg},

	// Pronoun objective case: collapse to nominative.
	// Only objective forms, not possessives (my/your/his/her/their/its serve as
	// modifiers and are distinct atoms from the subject pronoun).
	"me":      {Lemma: "i"},
	"myself":  {Lemma: "i"},
	"him":     {Lemma: "he"},
	"himself": {Lemma: "he"},
	"herself": {Lemma: "she"},
	"us":      {Lemma: "we"},
	"ourselves": {Lemma: "we"},
	"them":    {Lemma: "they"},
	"themselves": {Lemma: "they"},
	"yourself": {Lemma: "you"},
	"itself":  {Lemma: "it"},
	// Pronoun contractions: collapse to the pronoun. The verb part is
	// auxiliary (be/have/will) whose morph belongs on the clause's main verb.
	// The pronoun IS the atom; the auxiliary is structural, not lexical.
	"i'm":     {Lemma: "i"},
	"i've":    {Lemma: "i"},
	"i'll":    {Lemma: "i"},
	"i'd":     {Lemma: "i"},
	"it's":    {Lemma: "it"},
	"he's":    {Lemma: "he"},
	"she's":   {Lemma: "she"},
	"we're":   {Lemma: "we"},
	"we've":   {Lemma: "we"},
	"we'll":   {Lemma: "we"},
	"they're": {Lemma: "they"},
	"they've": {Lemma: "they"},
	"they'll": {Lemma: "they"},
	"you're":  {Lemma: "you"},
	"you've":  {Lemma: "you"},
	"you'll":  {Lemma: "you"},
	"let's":   {Lemma: "let", Morph: MetaMoodVol},
	"that's":  {Lemma: "that"},
	"there's": {Lemma: "there"},
	"what's":  {Lemma: "what"},
	"who's":   {Lemma: "who"},
	"here's":  {Lemma: "here"},

	// -ing irregulars: ie->y before -ing, and digraph+silent-e cases
	"dying":    {Lemma: "die", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"lying":    {Lemma: "lie", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"tying":    {Lemma: "tie", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"choosing": {Lemma: "choose", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"going":    {Lemma: "go", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	"doing":    {Lemma: "do", Morph: MetaAspectProg},
	// Informal contractions
	"gonna":  {Lemma: "go", Morph: MetaMoodVol},
	"wanna":  {Lemma: "want", Morph: MetaMoodVol},
	"gotta":  {Lemma: "get", Morph: MetaMoodVol},
	"kinda":  {Lemma: "kind"},
	"sorta":  {Lemma: "sort"},
	"lemme":  {Lemma: "let"},
	"gimme":  {Lemma: "give"},
	// Words naturally ending in -ing (not progressive forms)
	"thing":      {Lemma: "thing"},
	"nothing":    {Lemma: "nothing"},
	"something":  {Lemma: "something"},
	"anything":   {Lemma: "anything"},
	"everything": {Lemma: "everything"},
	"morning":    {Lemma: "morning"},
	"evening":    {Lemma: "evening"},
	"spring":     {Lemma: "spring"},
	"string":     {Lemma: "string"},
	"during":     {Lemma: "during"},
	"ceiling":    {Lemma: "ceiling"},
	"king":       {Lemma: "king"},
	// Adverbs ending in -s (not plurals)
	"always":    {Lemma: "always"},
	"sometimes": {Lemma: "sometimes"},
	"perhaps":   {Lemma: "perhaps"},
	"thus":      {Lemma: "thus"},
	"besides":   {Lemma: "besides"},
	"nowadays":  {Lemma: "nowadays"},
	"towards":   {Lemma: "towards"},
	"upstairs":  {Lemma: "upstairs"},
	"downstairs": {Lemma: "downstairs"},
	"outdoors":  {Lemma: "outdoors"},
	// Common -ed words with natural double consonants
	"guessed":   {Lemma: "guess", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"passed":    {Lemma: "pass", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"missed":    {Lemma: "miss", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"kissed":    {Lemma: "kiss", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"crossed":   {Lemma: "cross", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"dressed":   {Lemma: "dress", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"pressed":   {Lemma: "press", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"stressed":  {Lemma: "stress", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	// -ed words needing silent-e restoration
	"phrased":   {Lemma: "phrase", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"increased": {Lemma: "increase", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"decreased": {Lemma: "decrease", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"pleased":   {Lemma: "please", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"released":  {Lemma: "release", Morph: MetaTensePast},
	"surprised": {Lemma: "surprise", Morph: MetaTensePast},

	// Comparative forms (Adj-er) mapped to base + MetaCompare. The renderer
	// reverse-lookup by (lemma, MetaCompare) produces the surface form.
	"bigger":   {Lemma: "big", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"smaller":  {Lemma: "small", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"taller":   {Lemma: "tall", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"shorter":  {Lemma: "short", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"longer":   {Lemma: "long", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"wider":    {Lemma: "wide", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"thicker":  {Lemma: "thick", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"thinner":  {Lemma: "thin", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"higher":   {Lemma: "high", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"lower":    {Lemma: "low", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"hotter":   {Lemma: "hot", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"colder":   {Lemma: "cold", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"warmer":   {Lemma: "warm", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"cooler":   {Lemma: "cool", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"faster":   {Lemma: "fast", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"slower":   {Lemma: "slow", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"older":    {Lemma: "old", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"younger":  {Lemma: "young", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"happier":  {Lemma: "happy", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"sadder":   {Lemma: "sad", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"easier":   {Lemma: "easy", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"harder":   {Lemma: "hard", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"larger":   {Lemma: "large", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"better":   {Lemma: "good", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"worse":    {Lemma: "bad", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"stronger": {Lemma: "strong", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"weaker":   {Lemma: "weak", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"heavier":  {Lemma: "heavy", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"lighter":  {Lemma: "light", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"cheaper":  {Lemma: "cheap", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"richer":   {Lemma: "rich", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"poorer":   {Lemma: "poor", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"nicer":    {Lemma: "nice", Morph: MetaCompare},
	"newer":    {Lemma: "new", Morph: MetaCompare},
	}
}