net.cpp raw

   1  // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
   2  // Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Limenka developers
   3  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
   4  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
   5  
   6  #include <limenka-build-config.h> // IWYU pragma: keep
   7  
   8  #include <net.h>
   9  
  10  #include <addrdb.h>
  11  #include <addrman.h>
  12  #include <banman.h>
  13  #include <clientversion.h>
  14  #include <common/args.h>
  15  #include <common/netif.h>
  16  #include <compat/compat.h>
  17  #include <consensus/consensus.h>
  18  #include <crypto/sha256.h>
  19  #include <i2p.h>
  20  #include <key.h>
  21  #include <logging.h>
  22  #include <memusage.h>
  23  #include <net_permissions.h>
  24  #include <netaddress.h>
  25  #include <netbase.h>
  26  #include <node/eviction.h>
  27  #include <node/interface_ui.h>
  28  #include <protocol.h>
  29  #include <random.h>
  30  #include <scheduler.h>
  31  #include <util/fs.h>
  32  #include <util/sock.h>
  33  #include <util/strencodings.h>
  34  #include <util/thread.h>
  35  #include <util/threadinterrupt.h>
  36  #include <util/trace.h>
  37  #include <util/translation.h>
  38  #include <util/vector.h>
  39  
  40  #ifdef WIN32
  41  #include <string.h>
  42  #endif
  43  
  44  #if HAVE_DECL_GETIFADDRS && HAVE_DECL_FREEIFADDRS
  45  #include <ifaddrs.h>
  46  #endif
  47  
  48  #include <algorithm>
  49  #include <array>
  50  #include <cmath>
  51  #include <cstdint>
  52  #include <functional>
  53  #include <optional>
  54  #include <unordered_map>
  55  
  56  TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE(net, closed_connection);
  57  TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE(net, evicted_inbound_connection);
  58  TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE(net, inbound_connection);
  59  TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE(net, outbound_connection);
  60  TRACEPOINT_SEMAPHORE(net, outbound_message);
  61  
  62  /** Maximum number of block-relay-only anchor connections */
  63  static constexpr size_t MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS = 2;
  64  static_assert (MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS <= static_cast<size_t>(MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_CONNECTIONS), "MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS must not exceed MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_CONNECTIONS.");
  65  /** Anchor IP address database file name */
  66  const char* const ANCHORS_DATABASE_FILENAME = "anchors.dat";
  67  
  68  // How often to dump addresses to peers.dat
  69  static constexpr std::chrono::minutes DUMP_PEERS_INTERVAL{15};
  70  
  71  /** Number of DNS seeds to query when the number of connections is low. */
  72  static constexpr int DNSSEEDS_TO_QUERY_AT_ONCE = 3;
  73  
  74  /** Minimum number of outbound connections under which we will keep fetching our address seeds. */
  75  static constexpr int SEED_OUTBOUND_CONNECTION_THRESHOLD = 2;
  76  
  77  /** How long to delay before querying DNS seeds
  78   *
  79   * If we have more than THRESHOLD entries in addrman, then it's likely
  80   * that we got those addresses from having previously connected to the P2P
  81   * network, and that we'll be able to successfully reconnect to the P2P
  82   * network via contacting one of them. So if that's the case, spend a
  83   * little longer trying to connect to known peers before querying the
  84   * DNS seeds.
  85   */
  86  static constexpr std::chrono::seconds DNSSEEDS_DELAY_FEW_PEERS{11};
  87  static constexpr std::chrono::minutes DNSSEEDS_DELAY_MANY_PEERS{5};
  88  static constexpr int DNSSEEDS_DELAY_PEER_THRESHOLD = 1000; // "many" vs "few" peers
  89  
  90  /** The default timeframe for -maxuploadtarget. 1 day. */
  91  static constexpr std::chrono::seconds MAX_UPLOAD_TIMEFRAME{60 * 60 * 24};
  92  
  93  // A random time period (0 to 1 seconds) is added to feeler connections to prevent synchronization.
  94  static constexpr auto FEELER_SLEEP_WINDOW{1s};
  95  
  96  /** Frequency to attempt extra connections to reachable networks we're not connected to yet **/
  97  static constexpr auto EXTRA_NETWORK_PEER_INTERVAL{5min};
  98  
  99  /** Used to pass flags to the Bind() function */
 100  enum BindFlags {
 101      BF_NONE         = 0,
 102      BF_REPORT_ERROR = (1U << 0),
 103      /**
 104       * Do not call AddLocal() for our special addresses, e.g., for incoming
 105       * Tor connections, to prevent gossiping them over the network.
 106       */
 107      BF_DONT_ADVERTISE = (1U << 1),
 108  };
 109  
 110  // The set of sockets cannot be modified while waiting
 111  // The sleep time needs to be small to avoid new sockets stalling
 112  static const uint64_t SELECT_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS = 50;
 113  
 114  const std::string NET_MESSAGE_TYPE_OTHER = "*other*";
 115  
 116  static const uint64_t RANDOMIZER_ID_NETGROUP = 0x6c0edd8036ef4036ULL; // SHA256("netgroup")[0:8]
 117  static const uint64_t RANDOMIZER_ID_LOCALHOSTNONCE = 0xd93e69e2bbfa5735ULL; // SHA256("localhostnonce")[0:8]
 118  static const uint64_t RANDOMIZER_ID_NETWORKKEY = 0x0e8a2b136c592a7dULL; // SHA256("networkkey")[0:8]
 119  //
 120  // Global state variables
 121  //
 122  bool fDiscover = true;
 123  bool fListen = true;
 124  GlobalMutex g_maplocalhost_mutex;
 125  std::map<CNetAddr, LocalServiceInfo> mapLocalHost GUARDED_BY(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 126  std::string strSubVersion;
 127  
 128  size_t CSerializedNetMsg::GetMemoryUsage() const noexcept
 129  {
 130      return sizeof(*this) + memusage::DynamicUsage(m_type) + memusage::DynamicUsage(data);
 131  }
 132  
 133  size_t CNetMessage::GetMemoryUsage() const noexcept
 134  {
 135      return sizeof(*this) + memusage::DynamicUsage(m_type) + m_recv.GetMemoryUsage();
 136  }
 137  
 138  void CConnman::AddAddrFetch(const std::string& strDest)
 139  {
 140      LOCK(m_addr_fetches_mutex);
 141      m_addr_fetches.push_back(strDest);
 142  }
 143  
 144  uint16_t GetListenPort()
 145  {
 146      // If -bind= is provided with ":port" part, use that (first one if multiple are provided).
 147      for (const std::string& bind_arg : gArgs.GetArgs("-bind")) {
 148          constexpr uint16_t dummy_port = 0;
 149  
 150          const std::optional<CService> bind_addr{Lookup(bind_arg, dummy_port, /*fAllowLookup=*/false)};
 151          if (bind_addr.has_value() && bind_addr->GetPort() != dummy_port) return bind_addr->GetPort();
 152      }
 153  
 154      // Otherwise, if -whitebind= without NetPermissionFlags::NoBan is provided, use that
 155      // (-whitebind= is required to have ":port").
 156      for (const std::string& whitebind_arg : gArgs.GetArgs("-whitebind")) {
 157          NetWhitebindPermissions whitebind;
 158          bilingual_str error;
 159          if (NetWhitebindPermissions::TryParse(whitebind_arg, whitebind, error)) {
 160              if (!NetPermissions::HasFlag(whitebind.m_flags, NetPermissionFlags::NoBan)) {
 161                  return whitebind.m_service.GetPort();
 162              }
 163          }
 164      }
 165  
 166      // Otherwise, if -port= is provided, use that. Otherwise use the default port.
 167      return static_cast<uint16_t>(gArgs.GetIntArg("-port", Params().GetDefaultPort()));
 168  }
 169  
 170  // Determine the "best" local address for a particular peer.
 171  [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<CService> GetLocal(const CNode& peer)
 172  {
 173      if (!fListen) return std::nullopt;
 174  
 175      std::optional<CService> addr;
 176      int nBestScore = -1;
 177      int nBestReachability = -1;
 178      {
 179          LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 180          for (const auto& [local_addr, local_service_info] : mapLocalHost) {
 181              // For privacy reasons, don't advertise our privacy-network address
 182              // to other networks and don't advertise our other-network address
 183              // to privacy networks.
 184              if (local_addr.GetNetwork() != peer.ConnectedThroughNetwork()
 185                  && (local_addr.IsPrivacyNet() || peer.IsConnectedThroughPrivacyNet())) {
 186                  continue;
 187              }
 188              const int nScore{local_service_info.nScore};
 189              const int nReachability{local_addr.GetReachabilityFrom(peer.addr)};
 190              if (nReachability > nBestReachability || (nReachability == nBestReachability && nScore > nBestScore)) {
 191                  addr.emplace(CService{local_addr, local_service_info.nPort});
 192                  nBestReachability = nReachability;
 193                  nBestScore = nScore;
 194              }
 195          }
 196      }
 197      return addr;
 198  }
 199  
 200  //! Convert the serialized seeds into usable address objects.
 201  static std::vector<CAddress> ConvertSeeds(const std::vector<uint8_t> &vSeedsIn)
 202  {
 203      // It'll only connect to one or two seed nodes because once it connects,
 204      // it'll get a pile of addresses with newer timestamps.
 205      // Seed nodes are given a random 'last seen time' of between one and two
 206      // weeks ago.
 207      const auto one_week{7 * 24h};
 208      std::vector<CAddress> vSeedsOut;
 209      FastRandomContext rng;
 210      ParamsStream s{DataStream{vSeedsIn}, CAddress::V2_NETWORK};
 211      while (!s.eof()) {
 212          CService endpoint;
 213          s >> endpoint;
 214          CAddress addr{endpoint, SeedsServiceFlags()};
 215          addr.nTime = rng.rand_uniform_delay(Now<NodeSeconds>() - one_week, -one_week);
 216          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Added hardcoded seed: %s\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
 217          vSeedsOut.push_back(addr);
 218      }
 219      return vSeedsOut;
 220  }
 221  
 222  // Determine the "best" local address for a particular peer.
 223  // If none, return the unroutable 0.0.0.0 but filled in with
 224  // the normal parameters, since the IP may be changed to a useful
 225  // one by discovery.
 226  CService GetLocalAddress(const CNode& peer)
 227  {
 228      return GetLocal(peer).value_or(CService{CNetAddr(), GetListenPort()});
 229  }
 230  
 231  int GetnScore(const CService& addr)
 232  {
 233      LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 234      const auto it = mapLocalHost.find(addr);
 235      return (it != mapLocalHost.end()) ? it->second.nScore : 0;
 236  }
 237  
 238  // Is our peer's addrLocal potentially useful as an external IP source?
 239  [[nodiscard]] static bool IsPeerAddrLocalGood(CNode *pnode)
 240  {
 241      CService addrLocal = pnode->GetAddrLocal();
 242      return fDiscover && pnode->addr.IsRoutable() && addrLocal.IsRoutable() &&
 243             g_reachable_nets.Contains(addrLocal);
 244  }
 245  
 246  std::optional<CService> GetLocalAddrForPeer(CNode& node)
 247  {
 248      CService addrLocal{GetLocalAddress(node)};
 249      // If discovery is enabled, sometimes give our peer the address it
 250      // tells us that it sees us as in case it has a better idea of our
 251      // address than we do.
 252      FastRandomContext rng;
 253      if (IsPeerAddrLocalGood(&node) && (!addrLocal.IsRoutable() ||
 254           rng.randbits((GetnScore(addrLocal) > LOCAL_MANUAL) ? 3 : 1) == 0))
 255      {
 256          if (node.IsInboundConn()) {
 257              // For inbound connections, assume both the address and the port
 258              // as seen from the peer.
 259              addrLocal = CService{node.GetAddrLocal()};
 260          } else {
 261              // For outbound connections, assume just the address as seen from
 262              // the peer and leave the port in `addrLocal` as returned by
 263              // `GetLocalAddress()` above. The peer has no way to observe our
 264              // listening port when we have initiated the connection.
 265              addrLocal.SetIP(node.GetAddrLocal());
 266          }
 267      }
 268      if (addrLocal.IsRoutable()) {
 269          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Advertising address %s to peer=%d\n", addrLocal.ToStringAddrPort(), node.GetId());
 270          return addrLocal;
 271      }
 272      // Address is unroutable. Don't advertise.
 273      return std::nullopt;
 274  }
 275  
 276  // learn a new local address
 277  bool AddLocal(const CService& addr_, int nScore)
 278  {
 279      CService addr{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(addr_)};
 280  
 281      if (!addr.IsRoutable())
 282          return false;
 283  
 284      if (!fDiscover && nScore < LOCAL_MANUAL)
 285          return false;
 286  
 287      // IPv4 and IPv6 cannot be connected to unless their networks are reachable, but Tor is not necessarily bidirectional
 288      if (!(g_reachable_nets.Contains(addr) || addr.IsTor()))
 289          return false;
 290  
 291      LogPrintf("AddLocal(%s,%i)\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort(), nScore);
 292  
 293      bool fAlready;
 294      {
 295          LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 296          const auto [it, is_newly_added] = mapLocalHost.emplace(addr, LocalServiceInfo());
 297          fAlready = !is_newly_added;
 298          LocalServiceInfo &info = it->second;
 299          if (is_newly_added || nScore >= info.nScore) {
 300              info.nScore = nScore + (is_newly_added ? 0 : 1);
 301              info.nPort = addr.GetPort();
 302          }
 303      }
 304  
 305      if (!fAlready) {
 306          uiInterface.NotifyNetworkLocalChanged();
 307      }
 308  
 309      return true;
 310  }
 311  
 312  bool AddLocal(const CNetAddr &addr, int nScore)
 313  {
 314      return AddLocal(CService(addr, GetListenPort()), nScore);
 315  }
 316  
 317  void RemoveLocal(const CService& addr)
 318  {
 319      {
 320          LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 321          LogPrintf("RemoveLocal(%s)\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
 322          mapLocalHost.erase(addr);
 323      }
 324      uiInterface.NotifyNetworkLocalChanged();
 325  }
 326  
 327  /** vote for a local address */
 328  bool SeenLocal(const CService& addr)
 329  {
 330      LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 331      const auto it = mapLocalHost.find(addr);
 332      if (it == mapLocalHost.end()) return false;
 333      if (it->second.nScore < std::numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
 334          ++it->second.nScore;
 335      }
 336      return true;
 337  }
 338  
 339  
 340  /** check whether a given address is potentially local */
 341  bool IsLocal(const CService& addr)
 342  {
 343      LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
 344      return mapLocalHost.count(addr) > 0;
 345  }
 346  
 347  CNode* CConnman::FindNode(const CNetAddr& ip)
 348  {
 349      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
 350      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
 351        if (static_cast<CNetAddr>(pnode->addr) == ip) {
 352              return pnode;
 353          }
 354      }
 355      return nullptr;
 356  }
 357  
 358  CNode* CConnman::FindNode(const std::string& addrName)
 359  {
 360      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
 361      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
 362          if (pnode->m_addr_name == addrName) {
 363              return pnode;
 364          }
 365      }
 366      return nullptr;
 367  }
 368  
 369  CNode* CConnman::FindNode(const CService& addr)
 370  {
 371      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
 372      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
 373          if (static_cast<CService>(pnode->addr) == addr) {
 374              return pnode;
 375          }
 376      }
 377      return nullptr;
 378  }
 379  
 380  bool CConnman::AlreadyConnectedToAddress(const CAddress& addr)
 381  {
 382      return FindNode(static_cast<CNetAddr>(addr)) || FindNode(addr.ToStringAddrPort());
 383  }
 384  
 385  bool CConnman::CheckIncomingNonce(uint64_t nonce)
 386  {
 387      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
 388      for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
 389          if (!pnode->fSuccessfullyConnected && !pnode->IsInboundConn() && pnode->GetLocalNonce() == nonce)
 390              return false;
 391      }
 392      return true;
 393  }
 394  
 395  /** Get the bind address for a socket as CService. */
 396  static CService GetBindAddress(const Sock& sock)
 397  {
 398      CService addr_bind;
 399      struct sockaddr_storage sockaddr_bind;
 400      socklen_t sockaddr_bind_len = sizeof(sockaddr_bind);
 401      if (!sock.GetSockName((struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr_bind, &sockaddr_bind_len)) {
 402          addr_bind.SetSockAddr((const struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr_bind, sockaddr_bind_len);
 403      } else {
 404          LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Warning, "getsockname failed\n");
 405      }
 406      return addr_bind;
 407  }
 408  
 409  CNode* CConnman::ConnectNode(CAddress addrConnect, const char *pszDest, bool fCountFailure, ConnectionType conn_type, bool use_v2transport)
 410  {
 411      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
 412      assert(conn_type != ConnectionType::INBOUND);
 413  
 414      if (pszDest == nullptr) {
 415          if (IsLocal(addrConnect))
 416              return nullptr;
 417  
 418          // Look for an existing connection
 419          CNode* pnode = FindNode(static_cast<CService>(addrConnect));
 420          if (pnode)
 421          {
 422              LogPrintf("Failed to open new connection, already connected\n");
 423              return nullptr;
 424          }
 425      }
 426  
 427      LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Debug, "trying %s connection %s lastseen=%.1fhrs\n",
 428          use_v2transport ? "v2" : "v1",
 429          pszDest ? pszDest : addrConnect.ToStringAddrPort(),
 430          Ticks<HoursDouble>(pszDest ? 0h : Now<NodeSeconds>() - addrConnect.nTime));
 431  
 432      // Resolve
 433      const uint16_t default_port{pszDest != nullptr ? GetDefaultPort(pszDest) :
 434                                                       m_params.GetDefaultPort()};
 435  
 436      // Collection of addresses to try to connect to: either all dns resolved addresses if a domain name (pszDest) is provided, or addrConnect otherwise.
 437      std::vector<CAddress> connect_to{};
 438      if (pszDest) {
 439          std::vector<CService> resolved{Lookup(pszDest, default_port, fNameLookup && !HaveNameProxy(), 256)};
 440          if (!resolved.empty()) {
 441              std::shuffle(resolved.begin(), resolved.end(), FastRandomContext());
 442              // If the connection is made by name, it can be the case that the name resolves to more than one address.
 443              // We don't want to connect any more of them if we are already connected to one
 444              for (const auto& r : resolved) {
 445                  addrConnect = CAddress{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(r), NODE_NONE};
 446                  if (!addrConnect.IsValid()) {
 447                      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Resolver returned invalid address %s for %s\n", addrConnect.ToStringAddrPort(), pszDest);
 448                      return nullptr;
 449                  }
 450                  // It is possible that we already have a connection to the IP/port pszDest resolved to.
 451                  // In that case, drop the connection that was just created.
 452                  LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
 453                  CNode* pnode = FindNode(static_cast<CService>(addrConnect));
 454                  if (pnode) {
 455                      LogPrintf("Not opening a connection to %s, already connected to %s\n", pszDest, addrConnect.ToStringAddrPort());
 456                      return nullptr;
 457                  }
 458                  // Add the address to the resolved addresses vector so we can try to connect to it later on
 459                  connect_to.push_back(addrConnect);
 460              }
 461          } else {
 462              // For resolution via proxy
 463              connect_to.push_back(addrConnect);
 464          }
 465      } else {
 466          // Connect via addrConnect directly
 467          connect_to.push_back(addrConnect);
 468      }
 469  
 470      // Connect
 471      std::unique_ptr<Sock> sock;
 472      Proxy proxy;
 473      CService addr_bind;
 474      assert(!addr_bind.IsValid());
 475      std::unique_ptr<i2p::sam::Session> i2p_transient_session;
 476  
 477      for (auto& target_addr: connect_to) {
 478          if (DisableV1OnClearnet(target_addr.GetNetClass()) && !use_v2transport) {
 479              continue;
 480          }
 481          if (target_addr.IsValid()) {
 482              const bool use_proxy{GetProxy(target_addr.GetNetwork(), proxy)};
 483              bool proxyConnectionFailed = false;
 484  
 485              if (target_addr.IsI2P() && use_proxy) {
 486                  i2p::Connection conn;
 487                  bool connected{false};
 488  
 489                  if (m_i2p_sam_session) {
 490                      connected = m_i2p_sam_session->Connect(target_addr, conn, proxyConnectionFailed);
 491                  } else {
 492                      {
 493                          LOCK(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
 494                          if (m_unused_i2p_sessions.empty()) {
 495                              i2p_transient_session =
 496                                  std::make_unique<i2p::sam::Session>(proxy, &interruptNet);
 497                          } else {
 498                              i2p_transient_session.swap(m_unused_i2p_sessions.front());
 499                              m_unused_i2p_sessions.pop();
 500                          }
 501                      }
 502                      connected = i2p_transient_session->Connect(target_addr, conn, proxyConnectionFailed);
 503                      if (!connected) {
 504                          LOCK(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
 505                          if (m_unused_i2p_sessions.size() < MAX_UNUSED_I2P_SESSIONS_SIZE) {
 506                              m_unused_i2p_sessions.emplace(i2p_transient_session.release());
 507                          }
 508                      }
 509                  }
 510  
 511                  if (connected) {
 512                      sock = std::move(conn.sock);
 513                      addr_bind = conn.me;
 514                  }
 515              } else if (use_proxy) {
 516                  LogPrintLevel(BCLog::PROXY, BCLog::Level::Debug, "Using proxy: %s to connect to %s\n", proxy.ToString(), target_addr.ToStringAddrPort());
 517                  sock = ConnectThroughProxy(proxy, target_addr.ToStringAddr(), target_addr.GetPort(), proxyConnectionFailed);
 518              } else {
 519                  // no proxy needed (none set for target network)
 520                  sock = ConnectDirectly(target_addr, conn_type == ConnectionType::MANUAL);
 521              }
 522              if (!proxyConnectionFailed) {
 523                  // If a connection to the node was attempted, and failure (if any) is not caused by a problem connecting to
 524                  // the proxy, mark this as an attempt.
 525                  addrman.Attempt(target_addr, fCountFailure);
 526              }
 527          } else if (pszDest && GetNameProxy(proxy)) {
 528              std::string host;
 529              uint16_t port{default_port};
 530              SplitHostPort(std::string(pszDest), port, host);
 531              bool proxyConnectionFailed;
 532              sock = ConnectThroughProxy(proxy, host, port, proxyConnectionFailed);
 533          }
 534          // Check any other resolved address (if any) if we fail to connect
 535          if (!sock) {
 536              continue;
 537          }
 538  
 539          NetPermissionFlags permission_flags = NetPermissionFlags::None;
 540          AddWhitelistPermissionFlags(permission_flags, target_addr, vWhitelistedRangeOutgoing);
 541  
 542          // Add node
 543          NodeId id = GetNewNodeId();
 544          uint64_t nonce = GetDeterministicRandomizer(RANDOMIZER_ID_LOCALHOSTNONCE).Write(id).Finalize();
 545          if (!addr_bind.IsValid()) {
 546              addr_bind = GetBindAddress(*sock);
 547          }
 548          uint64_t network_id = GetDeterministicRandomizer(RANDOMIZER_ID_NETWORKKEY)
 549                              .Write(target_addr.GetNetClass())
 550                              .Write(addr_bind.GetAddrBytes())
 551                              // For outbound connections, the port of the bound address is randomly
 552                              // assigned by the OS and would therefore not be useful for seeding.
 553                              .Write(0)
 554                              .Finalize();
 555          CNode* pnode = new CNode(id,
 556                                  std::move(sock),
 557                                  target_addr,
 558                                  CalculateKeyedNetGroup(target_addr),
 559                                  nonce,
 560                                  addr_bind,
 561                                  pszDest ? pszDest : "",
 562                                  conn_type,
 563                                  /*inbound_onion=*/false,
 564                                  network_id,
 565                                  CNodeOptions{
 566                                      .permission_flags = permission_flags,
 567                                      .i2p_sam_session = std::move(i2p_transient_session),
 568                                      .recv_flood_size = nReceiveFloodSize,
 569                                      .use_v2transport = use_v2transport,
 570                                  });
 571          pnode->AddRef();
 572  
 573          // We're making a new connection, harvest entropy from the time (and our peer count)
 574          RandAddEvent((uint32_t)id);
 575  
 576          return pnode;
 577      }
 578  
 579      return nullptr;
 580  }
 581  
 582  void CNode::CloseSocketDisconnect()
 583  {
 584      fDisconnect = true;
 585      LOCK(m_sock_mutex);
 586      if (m_sock) {
 587          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Resetting socket for peer=%d%s", GetId(), LogIP(fLogIPs));
 588          m_sock.reset();
 589  
 590          TRACEPOINT(net, closed_connection,
 591              GetId(),
 592              m_addr_name.c_str(),
 593              ConnectionTypeAsString().c_str(),
 594              ConnectedThroughNetwork(),
 595              Ticks<std::chrono::seconds>(m_connected));
 596      }
 597      m_i2p_sam_session.reset();
 598  }
 599  
 600  void CConnman::AddWhitelistPermissionFlags(NetPermissionFlags& flags, std::optional<CNetAddr> addr, const std::vector<NetWhitelistPermissions>& ranges) const {
 601      for (const auto& subnet : ranges) {
 602          if (addr.has_value() && subnet.m_subnet.Match(addr.value())) {
 603              NetPermissions::AddFlag(flags, subnet.m_flags);
 604          }
 605      }
 606      if (NetPermissions::HasFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::Implicit)) {
 607          NetPermissions::ClearFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::Implicit);
 608          if (whitelist_forcerelay) NetPermissions::AddFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::ForceRelay);
 609          if (whitelist_relay) NetPermissions::AddFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::Relay);
 610          NetPermissions::AddFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::Mempool);
 611          NetPermissions::AddFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::NoBan);
 612          NetPermissions::AddFlag(flags, NetPermissionFlags::Addr);
 613      }
 614  }
 615  
 616  CService CNode::GetAddrLocal() const
 617  {
 618      AssertLockNotHeld(m_addr_local_mutex);
 619      LOCK(m_addr_local_mutex);
 620      return m_addr_local;
 621  }
 622  
 623  void CNode::SetAddrLocal(const CService& addrLocalIn) {
 624      AssertLockNotHeld(m_addr_local_mutex);
 625      LOCK(m_addr_local_mutex);
 626      if (Assume(!m_addr_local.IsValid())) { // Addr local can only be set once during version msg processing
 627          m_addr_local = addrLocalIn;
 628      }
 629  }
 630  
 631  Network CNode::ConnectedThroughNetwork() const
 632  {
 633      return m_inbound_onion ? NET_ONION : addr.GetNetClass();
 634  }
 635  
 636  bool CNode::IsConnectedThroughPrivacyNet() const
 637  {
 638      return m_inbound_onion || addr.IsPrivacyNet();
 639  }
 640  
 641  #undef X
 642  #define X(name) stats.name = name
 643  void CNode::CopyStats(CNodeStats& stats)
 644  {
 645      stats.nodeid = this->GetId();
 646      X(addr);
 647      X(addrBind);
 648      stats.m_network = ConnectedThroughNetwork();
 649      X(m_last_send);
 650      X(m_last_recv);
 651      X(m_last_tx_time);
 652      X(m_last_block_time);
 653      X(m_connected);
 654      X(m_addr_name);
 655      X(nVersion);
 656      {
 657          LOCK(m_subver_mutex);
 658          X(cleanSubVer);
 659      }
 660      stats.fInbound = IsInboundConn();
 661      X(m_bip152_highbandwidth_to);
 662      X(m_bip152_highbandwidth_from);
 663      {
 664          LOCK(cs_vSend);
 665          X(mapSendBytesPerMsgType);
 666          X(nSendBytes);
 667      }
 668      {
 669          LOCK(cs_vRecv);
 670          X(mapRecvBytesPerMsgType);
 671          X(nRecvBytes);
 672          Transport::Info info = m_transport->GetInfo();
 673          stats.m_transport_type = info.transport_type;
 674          if (info.session_id) stats.m_session_id = HexStr(*info.session_id);
 675      }
 676      X(m_permission_flags);
 677      X(m_forced_inbound);
 678  
 679      X(m_last_ping_time);
 680      X(m_min_ping_time);
 681  
 682      // Leave string empty if addrLocal invalid (not filled in yet)
 683      CService addrLocalUnlocked = GetAddrLocal();
 684      stats.addrLocal = addrLocalUnlocked.IsValid() ? addrLocalUnlocked.ToStringAddrPort() : "";
 685  
 686      X(m_conn_type);
 687  
 688      X(m_cpu_time);
 689  }
 690  #undef X
 691  
 692  bool CNode::ReceiveMsgBytes(Span<const uint8_t> msg_bytes, bool& complete)
 693  {
 694      complete = false;
 695      const auto time = GetTime<std::chrono::microseconds>();
 696      LOCK(cs_vRecv);
 697      m_last_recv = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(time);
 698      nRecvBytes += msg_bytes.size();
 699      while (msg_bytes.size() > 0) {
 700          // absorb network data
 701          if (!m_transport->ReceivedBytes(msg_bytes)) {
 702              // Serious transport problem, disconnect from the peer.
 703              return false;
 704          }
 705  
 706          if (m_transport->ReceivedMessageComplete()) {
 707              // decompose a transport agnostic CNetMessage from the deserializer
 708              bool reject_message{false};
 709              CNetMessage msg = m_transport->GetReceivedMessage(time, reject_message);
 710              if (reject_message) {
 711                  // Message deserialization failed. Drop the message but don't disconnect the peer.
 712                  // store the size of the corrupt message
 713                  mapRecvBytesPerMsgType.at(NET_MESSAGE_TYPE_OTHER) += msg.m_raw_message_size;
 714                  continue;
 715              }
 716  
 717              // Store received bytes per message type.
 718              // To prevent a memory DOS, only allow known message types.
 719              auto i = mapRecvBytesPerMsgType.find(msg.m_type);
 720              if (i == mapRecvBytesPerMsgType.end()) {
 721                  i = mapRecvBytesPerMsgType.find(NET_MESSAGE_TYPE_OTHER);
 722              }
 723              assert(i != mapRecvBytesPerMsgType.end());
 724              i->second += msg.m_raw_message_size;
 725  
 726              // push the message to the process queue,
 727              vRecvMsg.push_back(std::move(msg));
 728  
 729              complete = true;
 730          }
 731      }
 732  
 733      return true;
 734  }
 735  
 736  std::string CNode::LogIP(bool log_ip) const
 737  {
 738      return log_ip ? strprintf(" peeraddr=%s", addr.ToStringAddrPort()) : "";
 739  }
 740  
 741  std::string CNode::DisconnectMsg(bool log_ip) const
 742  {
 743      return strprintf("disconnecting peer=%d%s",
 744                       GetId(),
 745                       LogIP(log_ip));
 746  }
 747  
 748  V1Transport::V1Transport(const NodeId node_id) noexcept
 749      : m_magic_bytes{Params().MessageStart()}, m_node_id{node_id}
 750  {
 751      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
 752      Reset();
 753  }
 754  
 755  Transport::Info V1Transport::GetInfo() const noexcept
 756  {
 757      return {.transport_type = TransportProtocolType::V1, .session_id = {}};
 758  }
 759  
 760  int V1Transport::readHeader(Span<const uint8_t> msg_bytes)
 761  {
 762      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
 763      // copy data to temporary parsing buffer
 764      unsigned int nRemaining = CMessageHeader::HEADER_SIZE - nHdrPos;
 765      unsigned int nCopy = std::min<unsigned int>(nRemaining, msg_bytes.size());
 766  
 767      memcpy(&hdrbuf[nHdrPos], msg_bytes.data(), nCopy);
 768      nHdrPos += nCopy;
 769  
 770      // if header incomplete, exit
 771      if (nHdrPos < CMessageHeader::HEADER_SIZE)
 772          return nCopy;
 773  
 774      // deserialize to CMessageHeader
 775      try {
 776          hdrbuf >> hdr;
 777      }
 778      catch (const std::exception&) {
 779          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Header error: Unable to deserialize, peer=%d\n", m_node_id);
 780          return -1;
 781      }
 782  
 783      // Check start string, network magic
 784      if (hdr.pchMessageStart != m_magic_bytes) {
 785          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Header error: Wrong MessageStart %s received, peer=%d\n", HexStr(hdr.pchMessageStart), m_node_id);
 786          return -1;
 787      }
 788  
 789      // reject messages larger than MAX_SIZE or MAX_PROTOCOL_MESSAGE_LENGTH
 790      if (hdr.nMessageSize > MAX_SIZE || hdr.nMessageSize > MAX_PROTOCOL_MESSAGE_LENGTH) {
 791          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Header error: Size too large (%s, %u bytes), peer=%d\n", SanitizeString(hdr.GetMessageType()), hdr.nMessageSize, m_node_id);
 792          return -1;
 793      }
 794  
 795      // switch state to reading message data
 796      in_data = true;
 797  
 798      return nCopy;
 799  }
 800  
 801  int V1Transport::readData(Span<const uint8_t> msg_bytes)
 802  {
 803      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
 804      unsigned int nRemaining = hdr.nMessageSize - nDataPos;
 805      unsigned int nCopy = std::min<unsigned int>(nRemaining, msg_bytes.size());
 806  
 807      if (vRecv.size() < nDataPos + nCopy) {
 808          // Allocate up to 256 KiB ahead, but never more than the total message size.
 809          vRecv.resize(std::min(hdr.nMessageSize, nDataPos + nCopy + 256 * 1024));
 810      }
 811  
 812      hasher.Write(msg_bytes.first(nCopy));
 813      memcpy(&vRecv[nDataPos], msg_bytes.data(), nCopy);
 814      nDataPos += nCopy;
 815  
 816      return nCopy;
 817  }
 818  
 819  const uint256& V1Transport::GetMessageHash() const
 820  {
 821      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
 822      assert(CompleteInternal());
 823      if (data_hash.IsNull())
 824          hasher.Finalize(data_hash);
 825      return data_hash;
 826  }
 827  
 828  CNetMessage V1Transport::GetReceivedMessage(const std::chrono::microseconds time, bool& reject_message)
 829  {
 830      AssertLockNotHeld(m_recv_mutex);
 831      // Initialize out parameter
 832      reject_message = false;
 833      // decompose a single CNetMessage from the TransportDeserializer
 834      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
 835      CNetMessage msg(std::move(vRecv));
 836  
 837      // store message type string, time, and sizes
 838      msg.m_type = hdr.GetMessageType();
 839      msg.m_time = time;
 840      msg.m_message_size = hdr.nMessageSize;
 841      msg.m_raw_message_size = hdr.nMessageSize + CMessageHeader::HEADER_SIZE;
 842  
 843      uint256 hash = GetMessageHash();
 844  
 845      // We just received a message off the wire, harvest entropy from the time (and the message checksum)
 846      RandAddEvent(ReadLE32(hash.begin()));
 847  
 848      // Check checksum and header message type string
 849      if (memcmp(hash.begin(), hdr.pchChecksum, CMessageHeader::CHECKSUM_SIZE) != 0) {
 850          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Header error: Wrong checksum (%s, %u bytes), expected %s was %s, peer=%d\n",
 851                   SanitizeString(msg.m_type), msg.m_message_size,
 852                   HexStr(Span{hash}.first(CMessageHeader::CHECKSUM_SIZE)),
 853                   HexStr(hdr.pchChecksum),
 854                   m_node_id);
 855          reject_message = true;
 856      } else if (!hdr.IsMessageTypeValid()) {
 857          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Header error: Invalid message type (%s, %u bytes), peer=%d\n",
 858                   SanitizeString(hdr.GetMessageType()), msg.m_message_size, m_node_id);
 859          reject_message = true;
 860      }
 861  
 862      // Always reset the network deserializer (prepare for the next message)
 863      Reset();
 864      return msg;
 865  }
 866  
 867  bool V1Transport::SetMessageToSend(CSerializedNetMsg& msg) noexcept
 868  {
 869      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
 870      // Determine whether a new message can be set.
 871      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
 872      if (m_sending_header || m_bytes_sent < m_message_to_send.data.size()) return false;
 873  
 874      // create dbl-sha256 checksum
 875      uint256 hash = Hash(msg.data);
 876  
 877      // create header
 878      CMessageHeader hdr(m_magic_bytes, msg.m_type.c_str(), msg.data.size());
 879      memcpy(hdr.pchChecksum, hash.begin(), CMessageHeader::CHECKSUM_SIZE);
 880  
 881      // serialize header
 882      m_header_to_send.clear();
 883      VectorWriter{m_header_to_send, 0, hdr};
 884  
 885      // update state
 886      m_message_to_send = std::move(msg);
 887      m_sending_header = true;
 888      m_bytes_sent = 0;
 889      return true;
 890  }
 891  
 892  Transport::BytesToSend V1Transport::GetBytesToSend(bool have_next_message) const noexcept
 893  {
 894      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
 895      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
 896      if (m_sending_header) {
 897          return {Span{m_header_to_send}.subspan(m_bytes_sent),
 898                  // We have more to send after the header if the message has payload, or if there
 899                  // is a next message after that.
 900                  have_next_message || !m_message_to_send.data.empty(),
 901                  m_message_to_send.m_type
 902                 };
 903      } else {
 904          return {Span{m_message_to_send.data}.subspan(m_bytes_sent),
 905                  // We only have more to send after this message's payload if there is another
 906                  // message.
 907                  have_next_message,
 908                  m_message_to_send.m_type
 909                 };
 910      }
 911  }
 912  
 913  void V1Transport::MarkBytesSent(size_t bytes_sent) noexcept
 914  {
 915      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
 916      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
 917      m_bytes_sent += bytes_sent;
 918      if (m_sending_header && m_bytes_sent == m_header_to_send.size()) {
 919          // We're done sending a message's header. Switch to sending its data bytes.
 920          m_sending_header = false;
 921          m_bytes_sent = 0;
 922      } else if (!m_sending_header && m_bytes_sent == m_message_to_send.data.size()) {
 923          // We're done sending a message's data. Wipe the data vector to reduce memory consumption.
 924          ClearShrink(m_message_to_send.data);
 925          m_bytes_sent = 0;
 926      }
 927  }
 928  
 929  size_t V1Transport::GetSendMemoryUsage() const noexcept
 930  {
 931      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
 932      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
 933      // Don't count sending-side fields besides m_message_to_send, as they're all small and bounded.
 934      return m_message_to_send.GetMemoryUsage();
 935  }
 936  
 937  namespace {
 938  
 939  /** List of short messages as defined in BIP324, in order.
 940   *
 941   * Only message types that are actually implemented in this codebase need to be listed, as other
 942   * messages get ignored anyway - whether we know how to decode them or not.
 943   */
 944  const std::array<std::string, 33> V2_MESSAGE_IDS = {
 945      "", // 12 bytes follow encoding the message type like in V1
 946      NetMsgType::ADDR,
 947      NetMsgType::BLOCK,
 948      NetMsgType::BLOCKTXN,
 949      NetMsgType::CMPCTBLOCK,
 950      NetMsgType::FEEFILTER,
 951      NetMsgType::FILTERADD,
 952      NetMsgType::FILTERCLEAR,
 953      NetMsgType::FILTERLOAD,
 954      NetMsgType::GETBLOCKS,
 955      NetMsgType::GETBLOCKTXN,
 956      NetMsgType::GETDATA,
 957      NetMsgType::GETHEADERS,
 958      NetMsgType::HEADERS,
 959      NetMsgType::INV,
 960      NetMsgType::MEMPOOL,
 961      NetMsgType::MERKLEBLOCK,
 962      NetMsgType::NOTFOUND,
 963      NetMsgType::PING,
 964      NetMsgType::PONG,
 965      NetMsgType::SENDCMPCT,
 966      NetMsgType::TX,
 967      NetMsgType::GETCFILTERS,
 968      NetMsgType::CFILTER,
 969      NetMsgType::GETCFHEADERS,
 970      NetMsgType::CFHEADERS,
 971      NetMsgType::GETCFCHECKPT,
 972      NetMsgType::CFCHECKPT,
 973      NetMsgType::ADDRV2,
 974      // Unimplemented message types that are assigned in BIP324:
 975      "",
 976      "",
 977      "",
 978      ""
 979  };
 980  
 981  class V2MessageMap
 982  {
 983      std::unordered_map<std::string, uint8_t> m_map;
 984  
 985  public:
 986      V2MessageMap() noexcept
 987      {
 988          for (size_t i = 1; i < std::size(V2_MESSAGE_IDS); ++i) {
 989              m_map.emplace(V2_MESSAGE_IDS[i], i);
 990          }
 991      }
 992  
 993      std::optional<uint8_t> operator()(const std::string& message_name) const noexcept
 994      {
 995          auto it = m_map.find(message_name);
 996          if (it == m_map.end()) return std::nullopt;
 997          return it->second;
 998      }
 999  };
1000  
1001  const V2MessageMap V2_MESSAGE_MAP;
1002  
1003  std::vector<uint8_t> GenerateRandomGarbage() noexcept
1004  {
1005      std::vector<uint8_t> ret;
1006      FastRandomContext rng;
1007      ret.resize(rng.randrange(V2Transport::MAX_GARBAGE_LEN + 1));
1008      rng.fillrand(MakeWritableByteSpan(ret));
1009      return ret;
1010  }
1011  
1012  } // namespace
1013  
1014  void V2Transport::StartSendingHandshake() noexcept
1015  {
1016      AssertLockHeld(m_send_mutex);
1017      Assume(m_send_state == SendState::AWAITING_KEY);
1018      Assume(m_send_buffer.empty());
1019      // Initialize the send buffer with ellswift pubkey + provided garbage.
1020      m_send_buffer.resize(EllSwiftPubKey::size() + m_send_garbage.size());
1021      std::copy(std::begin(m_cipher.GetOurPubKey()), std::end(m_cipher.GetOurPubKey()), MakeWritableByteSpan(m_send_buffer).begin());
1022      std::copy(m_send_garbage.begin(), m_send_garbage.end(), m_send_buffer.begin() + EllSwiftPubKey::size());
1023      // We cannot wipe m_send_garbage as it will still be used as AAD later in the handshake.
1024  }
1025  
1026  V2Transport::V2Transport(NodeId nodeid, bool initiating, const CKey& key, Span<const std::byte> ent32, std::vector<uint8_t> garbage) noexcept
1027      : m_cipher{key, ent32}, m_initiating{initiating}, m_nodeid{nodeid},
1028        m_v1_fallback{nodeid},
1029        m_recv_state{initiating ? RecvState::KEY : RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1},
1030        m_send_garbage{std::move(garbage)},
1031        m_send_state{initiating ? SendState::AWAITING_KEY : SendState::MAYBE_V1}
1032  {
1033      Assume(m_send_garbage.size() <= MAX_GARBAGE_LEN);
1034      // Start sending immediately if we're the initiator of the connection.
1035      if (initiating) {
1036          LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1037          StartSendingHandshake();
1038      }
1039  }
1040  
1041  V2Transport::V2Transport(NodeId nodeid, bool initiating) noexcept
1042      : V2Transport{nodeid, initiating, GenerateRandomKey(),
1043                    MakeByteSpan(GetRandHash()), GenerateRandomGarbage()} {}
1044  
1045  void V2Transport::SetReceiveState(RecvState recv_state) noexcept
1046  {
1047      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1048      // Enforce allowed state transitions.
1049      switch (m_recv_state) {
1050      case RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1:
1051          Assume(recv_state == RecvState::KEY || recv_state == RecvState::V1);
1052          break;
1053      case RecvState::KEY:
1054          Assume(recv_state == RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM);
1055          break;
1056      case RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM:
1057          Assume(recv_state == RecvState::VERSION);
1058          break;
1059      case RecvState::VERSION:
1060          Assume(recv_state == RecvState::APP);
1061          break;
1062      case RecvState::APP:
1063          Assume(recv_state == RecvState::APP_READY);
1064          break;
1065      case RecvState::APP_READY:
1066          Assume(recv_state == RecvState::APP);
1067          break;
1068      case RecvState::V1:
1069          Assume(false); // V1 state cannot be left
1070          break;
1071      }
1072      // Change state.
1073      m_recv_state = recv_state;
1074  }
1075  
1076  void V2Transport::SetSendState(SendState send_state) noexcept
1077  {
1078      AssertLockHeld(m_send_mutex);
1079      // Enforce allowed state transitions.
1080      switch (m_send_state) {
1081      case SendState::MAYBE_V1:
1082          Assume(send_state == SendState::V1 || send_state == SendState::AWAITING_KEY);
1083          break;
1084      case SendState::AWAITING_KEY:
1085          Assume(send_state == SendState::READY);
1086          break;
1087      case SendState::READY:
1088      case SendState::V1:
1089          Assume(false); // Final states
1090          break;
1091      }
1092      // Change state.
1093      m_send_state = send_state;
1094  }
1095  
1096  bool V2Transport::ReceivedMessageComplete() const noexcept
1097  {
1098      AssertLockNotHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1099      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
1100      if (m_recv_state == RecvState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.ReceivedMessageComplete();
1101  
1102      return m_recv_state == RecvState::APP_READY;
1103  }
1104  
1105  void V2Transport::ProcessReceivedMaybeV1Bytes() noexcept
1106  {
1107      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1108      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1109      Assume(m_recv_state == RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1);
1110      // We still have to determine if this is a v1 or v2 connection. The bytes being received could
1111      // be the beginning of either a v1 packet (network magic + "version\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"), or
1112      // of a v2 public key. BIP324 specifies that a mismatch with this 16-byte string should trigger
1113      // sending of the key.
1114      std::array<uint8_t, V1_PREFIX_LEN> v1_prefix = {0, 0, 0, 0, 'v', 'e', 'r', 's', 'i', 'o', 'n', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
1115      std::copy(std::begin(Params().MessageStart()), std::end(Params().MessageStart()), v1_prefix.begin());
1116      Assume(m_recv_buffer.size() <= v1_prefix.size());
1117      if (!std::equal(m_recv_buffer.begin(), m_recv_buffer.end(), v1_prefix.begin())) {
1118          // Mismatch with v1 prefix, so we can assume a v2 connection.
1119          SetReceiveState(RecvState::KEY); // Convert to KEY state, leaving received bytes around.
1120          // Transition the sender to AWAITING_KEY state and start sending.
1121          LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1122          SetSendState(SendState::AWAITING_KEY);
1123          StartSendingHandshake();
1124      } else if (m_recv_buffer.size() == v1_prefix.size()) {
1125          // Full match with the v1 prefix, so fall back to v1 behavior.
1126          LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1127          Span<const uint8_t> feedback{m_recv_buffer};
1128          // Feed already received bytes to v1 transport. It should always accept these, because it's
1129          // less than the size of a v1 header, and these are the first bytes fed to m_v1_fallback.
1130          bool ret = m_v1_fallback.ReceivedBytes(feedback);
1131          Assume(feedback.empty());
1132          Assume(ret);
1133          SetReceiveState(RecvState::V1);
1134          SetSendState(SendState::V1);
1135          // Reset v2 transport buffers to save memory.
1136          ClearShrink(m_recv_buffer);
1137          ClearShrink(m_send_buffer);
1138      } else {
1139          // We have not received enough to distinguish v1 from v2 yet. Wait until more bytes come.
1140      }
1141  }
1142  
1143  bool V2Transport::ProcessReceivedKeyBytes() noexcept
1144  {
1145      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1146      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1147      Assume(m_recv_state == RecvState::KEY);
1148      Assume(m_recv_buffer.size() <= EllSwiftPubKey::size());
1149  
1150      // As a special exception, if bytes 4-16 of the key on a responder connection match the
1151      // corresponding bytes of a V1 version message, but bytes 0-4 don't match the network magic
1152      // (if they did, we'd have switched to V1 state already), assume this is a peer from
1153      // another network, and disconnect them. They will almost certainly disconnect us too when
1154      // they receive our uniformly random key and garbage, but detecting this case specially
1155      // means we can log it.
1156      static constexpr std::array<uint8_t, 12> MATCH = {'v', 'e', 'r', 's', 'i', 'o', 'n', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
1157      static constexpr size_t OFFSET = std::tuple_size_v<MessageStartChars>;
1158      if (!m_initiating && m_recv_buffer.size() >= OFFSET + MATCH.size()) {
1159          if (std::equal(MATCH.begin(), MATCH.end(), m_recv_buffer.begin() + OFFSET)) {
1160              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "V2 transport error: V1 peer with wrong MessageStart %s\n",
1161                       HexStr(Span(m_recv_buffer).first(OFFSET)));
1162              return false;
1163          }
1164      }
1165  
1166      if (m_recv_buffer.size() == EllSwiftPubKey::size()) {
1167          // Other side's key has been fully received, and can now be Diffie-Hellman combined with
1168          // our key to initialize the encryption ciphers.
1169  
1170          // Initialize the ciphers.
1171          EllSwiftPubKey ellswift(MakeByteSpan(m_recv_buffer));
1172          LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1173          m_cipher.Initialize(ellswift, m_initiating);
1174  
1175          // Switch receiver state to GARB_GARBTERM.
1176          SetReceiveState(RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM);
1177          m_recv_buffer.clear();
1178  
1179          // Switch sender state to READY.
1180          SetSendState(SendState::READY);
1181  
1182          // Append the garbage terminator to the send buffer.
1183          m_send_buffer.resize(m_send_buffer.size() + BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN);
1184          std::copy(m_cipher.GetSendGarbageTerminator().begin(),
1185                    m_cipher.GetSendGarbageTerminator().end(),
1186                    MakeWritableByteSpan(m_send_buffer).last(BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN).begin());
1187  
1188          // Construct version packet in the send buffer, with the sent garbage data as AAD.
1189          m_send_buffer.resize(m_send_buffer.size() + BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION + VERSION_CONTENTS.size());
1190          m_cipher.Encrypt(
1191              /*contents=*/VERSION_CONTENTS,
1192              /*aad=*/MakeByteSpan(m_send_garbage),
1193              /*ignore=*/false,
1194              /*output=*/MakeWritableByteSpan(m_send_buffer).last(BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION + VERSION_CONTENTS.size()));
1195          // We no longer need the garbage.
1196          ClearShrink(m_send_garbage);
1197      } else {
1198          // We still have to receive more key bytes.
1199      }
1200      return true;
1201  }
1202  
1203  bool V2Transport::ProcessReceivedGarbageBytes() noexcept
1204  {
1205      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1206      Assume(m_recv_state == RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM);
1207      Assume(m_recv_buffer.size() <= MAX_GARBAGE_LEN + BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN);
1208      if (m_recv_buffer.size() >= BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN) {
1209          if (std::ranges::equal(MakeByteSpan(m_recv_buffer).last(BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN), m_cipher.GetReceiveGarbageTerminator())) {
1210              // Garbage terminator received. Store garbage to authenticate it as AAD later.
1211              m_recv_aad = std::move(m_recv_buffer);
1212              m_recv_aad.resize(m_recv_aad.size() - BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN);
1213              m_recv_buffer.clear();
1214              SetReceiveState(RecvState::VERSION);
1215          } else if (m_recv_buffer.size() == MAX_GARBAGE_LEN + BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN) {
1216              // We've reached the maximum length for garbage + garbage terminator, and the
1217              // terminator still does not match. Abort.
1218              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "V2 transport error: missing garbage terminator, peer=%d\n", m_nodeid);
1219              return false;
1220          } else {
1221              // We still need to receive more garbage and/or garbage terminator bytes.
1222          }
1223      } else {
1224          // We have less than GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN (16) bytes, so we certainly need to receive
1225          // more first.
1226      }
1227      return true;
1228  }
1229  
1230  bool V2Transport::ProcessReceivedPacketBytes() noexcept
1231  {
1232      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1233      Assume(m_recv_state == RecvState::VERSION || m_recv_state == RecvState::APP);
1234  
1235      // The maximum permitted contents length for a packet, consisting of:
1236      // - 0x00 byte: indicating long message type encoding
1237      // - 12 bytes of message type
1238      // - payload
1239      static constexpr size_t MAX_CONTENTS_LEN =
1240          1 + CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE +
1241          std::min<size_t>(MAX_SIZE, MAX_PROTOCOL_MESSAGE_LENGTH);
1242  
1243      if (m_recv_buffer.size() == BIP324Cipher::LENGTH_LEN) {
1244          // Length descriptor received.
1245          m_recv_len = m_cipher.DecryptLength(MakeByteSpan(m_recv_buffer));
1246          if (m_recv_len > MAX_CONTENTS_LEN) {
1247              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "V2 transport error: packet too large (%u bytes), peer=%d\n", m_recv_len, m_nodeid);
1248              return false;
1249          }
1250      } else if (m_recv_buffer.size() > BIP324Cipher::LENGTH_LEN && m_recv_buffer.size() == m_recv_len + BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION) {
1251          // Ciphertext received, decrypt it into m_recv_decode_buffer.
1252          // Note that it is impossible to reach this branch without hitting the branch above first,
1253          // as GetMaxBytesToProcess only allows up to LENGTH_LEN into the buffer before that point.
1254          m_recv_decode_buffer.resize(m_recv_len);
1255          bool ignore{false};
1256          bool ret = m_cipher.Decrypt(
1257              /*input=*/MakeByteSpan(m_recv_buffer).subspan(BIP324Cipher::LENGTH_LEN),
1258              /*aad=*/MakeByteSpan(m_recv_aad),
1259              /*ignore=*/ignore,
1260              /*contents=*/MakeWritableByteSpan(m_recv_decode_buffer));
1261          if (!ret) {
1262              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "V2 transport error: packet decryption failure (%u bytes), peer=%d\n", m_recv_len, m_nodeid);
1263              return false;
1264          }
1265          // We have decrypted a valid packet with the AAD we expected, so clear the expected AAD.
1266          ClearShrink(m_recv_aad);
1267          // Feed the last 4 bytes of the Poly1305 authentication tag (and its timing) into our RNG.
1268          RandAddEvent(ReadLE32(m_recv_buffer.data() + m_recv_buffer.size() - 4));
1269  
1270          // At this point we have a valid packet decrypted into m_recv_decode_buffer. If it's not a
1271          // decoy, which we simply ignore, use the current state to decide what to do with it.
1272          if (!ignore) {
1273              switch (m_recv_state) {
1274              case RecvState::VERSION:
1275                  // Version message received; transition to application phase. The contents is
1276                  // ignored, but can be used for future extensions.
1277                  SetReceiveState(RecvState::APP);
1278                  break;
1279              case RecvState::APP:
1280                  // Application message decrypted correctly. It can be extracted using GetMessage().
1281                  SetReceiveState(RecvState::APP_READY);
1282                  break;
1283              default:
1284                  // Any other state is invalid (this function should not have been called).
1285                  Assume(false);
1286              }
1287          }
1288          // Wipe the receive buffer where the next packet will be received into.
1289          ClearShrink(m_recv_buffer);
1290          // In all but APP_READY state, we can wipe the decoded contents.
1291          if (m_recv_state != RecvState::APP_READY) ClearShrink(m_recv_decode_buffer);
1292      } else {
1293          // We either have less than 3 bytes, so we don't know the packet's length yet, or more
1294          // than 3 bytes but less than the packet's full ciphertext. Wait until those arrive.
1295      }
1296      return true;
1297  }
1298  
1299  size_t V2Transport::GetMaxBytesToProcess() noexcept
1300  {
1301      AssertLockHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1302      switch (m_recv_state) {
1303      case RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1:
1304          // During the KEY_MAYBE_V1 state we do not allow more than the length of v1 prefix into the
1305          // receive buffer.
1306          Assume(m_recv_buffer.size() <= V1_PREFIX_LEN);
1307          // As long as we're not sure if this is a v1 or v2 connection, don't receive more than what
1308          // is strictly necessary to distinguish the two (16 bytes). If we permitted more than
1309          // the v1 header size (24 bytes), we may not be able to feed the already-received bytes
1310          // back into the m_v1_fallback V1 transport.
1311          return V1_PREFIX_LEN - m_recv_buffer.size();
1312      case RecvState::KEY:
1313          // During the KEY state, we only allow the 64-byte key into the receive buffer.
1314          Assume(m_recv_buffer.size() <= EllSwiftPubKey::size());
1315          // As long as we have not received the other side's public key, don't receive more than
1316          // that (64 bytes), as garbage follows, and locating the garbage terminator requires the
1317          // key exchange first.
1318          return EllSwiftPubKey::size() - m_recv_buffer.size();
1319      case RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM:
1320          // Process garbage bytes one by one (because terminator may appear anywhere).
1321          return 1;
1322      case RecvState::VERSION:
1323      case RecvState::APP:
1324          // These three states all involve decoding a packet. Process the length descriptor first,
1325          // so that we know where the current packet ends (and we don't process bytes from the next
1326          // packet or decoy yet). Then, process the ciphertext bytes of the current packet.
1327          if (m_recv_buffer.size() < BIP324Cipher::LENGTH_LEN) {
1328              return BIP324Cipher::LENGTH_LEN - m_recv_buffer.size();
1329          } else {
1330              // Note that BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION is the total difference between contents size
1331              // and encoded packet size, which includes the 3 bytes due to the packet length.
1332              // When transitioning from receiving the packet length to receiving its ciphertext,
1333              // the encrypted packet length is left in the receive buffer.
1334              return BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION + m_recv_len - m_recv_buffer.size();
1335          }
1336      case RecvState::APP_READY:
1337          // No bytes can be processed until GetMessage() is called.
1338          return 0;
1339      case RecvState::V1:
1340          // Not allowed (must be dealt with by the caller).
1341          Assume(false);
1342          return 0;
1343      }
1344      Assume(false); // unreachable
1345      return 0;
1346  }
1347  
1348  bool V2Transport::ReceivedBytes(Span<const uint8_t>& msg_bytes) noexcept
1349  {
1350      AssertLockNotHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1351      /** How many bytes to allocate in the receive buffer at most above what is received so far. */
1352      static constexpr size_t MAX_RESERVE_AHEAD = 256 * 1024;
1353  
1354      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
1355      if (m_recv_state == RecvState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.ReceivedBytes(msg_bytes);
1356  
1357      // Process the provided bytes in msg_bytes in a loop. In each iteration a nonzero number of
1358      // bytes (decided by GetMaxBytesToProcess) are taken from the beginning om msg_bytes, and
1359      // appended to m_recv_buffer. Then, depending on the receiver state, one of the
1360      // ProcessReceived*Bytes functions is called to process the bytes in that buffer.
1361      while (!msg_bytes.empty()) {
1362          // Decide how many bytes to copy from msg_bytes to m_recv_buffer.
1363          size_t max_read = GetMaxBytesToProcess();
1364  
1365          // Reserve space in the buffer if there is not enough.
1366          if (m_recv_buffer.size() + std::min(msg_bytes.size(), max_read) > m_recv_buffer.capacity()) {
1367              switch (m_recv_state) {
1368              case RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1:
1369              case RecvState::KEY:
1370              case RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM:
1371                  // During the initial states (key/garbage), allocate once to fit the maximum (4111
1372                  // bytes).
1373                  m_recv_buffer.reserve(MAX_GARBAGE_LEN + BIP324Cipher::GARBAGE_TERMINATOR_LEN);
1374                  break;
1375              case RecvState::VERSION:
1376              case RecvState::APP: {
1377                  // During states where a packet is being received, as much as is expected but never
1378                  // more than MAX_RESERVE_AHEAD bytes in addition to what is received so far.
1379                  // This means attackers that want to cause us to waste allocated memory are limited
1380                  // to MAX_RESERVE_AHEAD above the largest allowed message contents size, and to
1381                  // MAX_RESERVE_AHEAD more than they've actually sent us.
1382                  size_t alloc_add = std::min(max_read, msg_bytes.size() + MAX_RESERVE_AHEAD);
1383                  m_recv_buffer.reserve(m_recv_buffer.size() + alloc_add);
1384                  break;
1385              }
1386              case RecvState::APP_READY:
1387                  // The buffer is empty in this state.
1388                  Assume(m_recv_buffer.empty());
1389                  break;
1390              case RecvState::V1:
1391                  // Should have bailed out above.
1392                  Assume(false);
1393                  break;
1394              }
1395          }
1396  
1397          // Can't read more than provided input.
1398          max_read = std::min(msg_bytes.size(), max_read);
1399          // Copy data to buffer.
1400          m_recv_buffer.insert(m_recv_buffer.end(), UCharCast(msg_bytes.data()), UCharCast(msg_bytes.data() + max_read));
1401          msg_bytes = msg_bytes.subspan(max_read);
1402  
1403          // Process data in the buffer.
1404          switch (m_recv_state) {
1405          case RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1:
1406              ProcessReceivedMaybeV1Bytes();
1407              if (m_recv_state == RecvState::V1) return true;
1408              break;
1409  
1410          case RecvState::KEY:
1411              if (!ProcessReceivedKeyBytes()) return false;
1412              break;
1413  
1414          case RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM:
1415              if (!ProcessReceivedGarbageBytes()) return false;
1416              break;
1417  
1418          case RecvState::VERSION:
1419          case RecvState::APP:
1420              if (!ProcessReceivedPacketBytes()) return false;
1421              break;
1422  
1423          case RecvState::APP_READY:
1424              return true;
1425  
1426          case RecvState::V1:
1427              // We should have bailed out before.
1428              Assume(false);
1429              break;
1430          }
1431          // Make sure we have made progress before continuing.
1432          Assume(max_read > 0);
1433      }
1434  
1435      return true;
1436  }
1437  
1438  std::optional<std::string> V2Transport::GetMessageType(Span<const uint8_t>& contents) noexcept
1439  {
1440      if (contents.size() == 0) return std::nullopt; // Empty contents
1441      uint8_t first_byte = contents[0];
1442      contents = contents.subspan(1); // Strip first byte.
1443  
1444      if (first_byte != 0) {
1445          // Short (1 byte) encoding.
1446          if (first_byte < std::size(V2_MESSAGE_IDS)) {
1447              // Valid short message id.
1448              return V2_MESSAGE_IDS[first_byte];
1449          } else {
1450              // Unknown short message id.
1451              return std::nullopt;
1452          }
1453      }
1454  
1455      if (contents.size() < CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE) {
1456          return std::nullopt; // Long encoding needs 12 message type bytes.
1457      }
1458  
1459      size_t msg_type_len{0};
1460      while (msg_type_len < CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE && contents[msg_type_len] != 0) {
1461          // Verify that message type bytes before the first 0x00 are in range.
1462          if (contents[msg_type_len] < ' ' || contents[msg_type_len] > 0x7F) {
1463              return {};
1464          }
1465          ++msg_type_len;
1466      }
1467      std::string ret{reinterpret_cast<const char*>(contents.data()), msg_type_len};
1468      while (msg_type_len < CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE) {
1469          // Verify that message type bytes after the first 0x00 are also 0x00.
1470          if (contents[msg_type_len] != 0) return {};
1471          ++msg_type_len;
1472      }
1473      // Strip message type bytes of contents.
1474      contents = contents.subspan(CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE);
1475      return ret;
1476  }
1477  
1478  CNetMessage V2Transport::GetReceivedMessage(std::chrono::microseconds time, bool& reject_message) noexcept
1479  {
1480      AssertLockNotHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1481      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
1482      if (m_recv_state == RecvState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.GetReceivedMessage(time, reject_message);
1483  
1484      Assume(m_recv_state == RecvState::APP_READY);
1485      Span<const uint8_t> contents{m_recv_decode_buffer};
1486      auto msg_type = GetMessageType(contents);
1487      CNetMessage msg{DataStream{}};
1488      // Note that BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION also includes the length descriptor size.
1489      msg.m_raw_message_size = m_recv_decode_buffer.size() + BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION;
1490      if (msg_type) {
1491          reject_message = false;
1492          msg.m_type = std::move(*msg_type);
1493          msg.m_time = time;
1494          msg.m_message_size = contents.size();
1495          msg.m_recv.resize(contents.size());
1496          std::copy(contents.begin(), contents.end(), UCharCast(msg.m_recv.data()));
1497      } else {
1498          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "V2 transport error: invalid message type (%u bytes contents), peer=%d\n", m_recv_decode_buffer.size(), m_nodeid);
1499          reject_message = true;
1500      }
1501      ClearShrink(m_recv_decode_buffer);
1502      SetReceiveState(RecvState::APP);
1503  
1504      return msg;
1505  }
1506  
1507  bool V2Transport::SetMessageToSend(CSerializedNetMsg& msg) noexcept
1508  {
1509      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1510      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1511      if (m_send_state == SendState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.SetMessageToSend(msg);
1512      // We only allow adding a new message to be sent when in the READY state (so the packet cipher
1513      // is available) and the send buffer is empty. This limits the number of messages in the send
1514      // buffer to just one, and leaves the responsibility for queueing them up to the caller.
1515      if (!(m_send_state == SendState::READY && m_send_buffer.empty())) return false;
1516      // Construct contents (encoding message type + payload).
1517      std::vector<uint8_t> contents;
1518      auto short_message_id = V2_MESSAGE_MAP(msg.m_type);
1519      if (short_message_id) {
1520          contents.resize(1 + msg.data.size());
1521          contents[0] = *short_message_id;
1522          std::copy(msg.data.begin(), msg.data.end(), contents.begin() + 1);
1523      } else {
1524          // Initialize with zeroes, and then write the message type string starting at offset 1.
1525          // This means contents[0] and the unused positions in contents[1..13] remain 0x00.
1526          contents.resize(1 + CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE + msg.data.size(), 0);
1527          std::copy(msg.m_type.begin(), msg.m_type.end(), contents.data() + 1);
1528          std::copy(msg.data.begin(), msg.data.end(), contents.begin() + 1 + CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE);
1529      }
1530      // Construct ciphertext in send buffer.
1531      m_send_buffer.resize(contents.size() + BIP324Cipher::EXPANSION);
1532      m_cipher.Encrypt(MakeByteSpan(contents), {}, false, MakeWritableByteSpan(m_send_buffer));
1533      m_send_type = msg.m_type;
1534      // Release memory
1535      ClearShrink(msg.data);
1536      return true;
1537  }
1538  
1539  Transport::BytesToSend V2Transport::GetBytesToSend(bool have_next_message) const noexcept
1540  {
1541      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1542      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1543      if (m_send_state == SendState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.GetBytesToSend(have_next_message);
1544  
1545      if (m_send_state == SendState::MAYBE_V1) Assume(m_send_buffer.empty());
1546      Assume(m_send_pos <= m_send_buffer.size());
1547      return {
1548          Span{m_send_buffer}.subspan(m_send_pos),
1549          // We only have more to send after the current m_send_buffer if there is a (next)
1550          // message to be sent, and we're capable of sending packets. */
1551          have_next_message && m_send_state == SendState::READY,
1552          m_send_type
1553      };
1554  }
1555  
1556  void V2Transport::MarkBytesSent(size_t bytes_sent) noexcept
1557  {
1558      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1559      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1560      if (m_send_state == SendState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.MarkBytesSent(bytes_sent);
1561  
1562      if (m_send_state == SendState::AWAITING_KEY && m_send_pos == 0 && bytes_sent > 0) {
1563          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "start sending v2 handshake to peer=%d\n", m_nodeid);
1564      }
1565  
1566      m_send_pos += bytes_sent;
1567      Assume(m_send_pos <= m_send_buffer.size());
1568      if (m_send_pos >= CMessageHeader::HEADER_SIZE) {
1569          m_sent_v1_header_worth = true;
1570      }
1571      // Wipe the buffer when everything is sent.
1572      if (m_send_pos == m_send_buffer.size()) {
1573          m_send_pos = 0;
1574          ClearShrink(m_send_buffer);
1575      }
1576  }
1577  
1578  bool V2Transport::ShouldReconnectV1() const noexcept
1579  {
1580      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1581      AssertLockNotHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1582      // Only outgoing connections need reconnection.
1583      if (!m_initiating) return false;
1584  
1585      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
1586      // We only reconnect in the very first state and when the receive buffer is empty. Together
1587      // these conditions imply nothing has been received so far.
1588      if (m_recv_state != RecvState::KEY) return false;
1589      if (!m_recv_buffer.empty()) return false;
1590      // Check if we've sent enough for the other side to disconnect us (if it was V1).
1591      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1592      return m_sent_v1_header_worth;
1593  }
1594  
1595  size_t V2Transport::GetSendMemoryUsage() const noexcept
1596  {
1597      AssertLockNotHeld(m_send_mutex);
1598      LOCK(m_send_mutex);
1599      if (m_send_state == SendState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.GetSendMemoryUsage();
1600  
1601      return sizeof(m_send_buffer) + memusage::DynamicUsage(m_send_buffer);
1602  }
1603  
1604  Transport::Info V2Transport::GetInfo() const noexcept
1605  {
1606      AssertLockNotHeld(m_recv_mutex);
1607      LOCK(m_recv_mutex);
1608      if (m_recv_state == RecvState::V1) return m_v1_fallback.GetInfo();
1609  
1610      Transport::Info info;
1611  
1612      // Do not report v2 and session ID until the version packet has been received
1613      // and verified (confirming that the other side very likely has the same keys as us).
1614      if (m_recv_state != RecvState::KEY_MAYBE_V1 && m_recv_state != RecvState::KEY &&
1615          m_recv_state != RecvState::GARB_GARBTERM && m_recv_state != RecvState::VERSION) {
1616          info.transport_type = TransportProtocolType::V2;
1617          info.session_id = uint256(MakeUCharSpan(m_cipher.GetSessionID()));
1618      } else {
1619          info.transport_type = TransportProtocolType::DETECTING;
1620      }
1621  
1622      return info;
1623  }
1624  
1625  std::pair<size_t, bool> CConnman::SocketSendData(CNode& node) const
1626  {
1627      auto it = node.vSendMsg.begin();
1628      size_t nSentSize = 0;
1629      bool data_left{false}; //!< second return value (whether unsent data remains)
1630      std::optional<bool> expected_more;
1631  
1632      while (true) {
1633          if (it != node.vSendMsg.end()) {
1634              // If possible, move one message from the send queue to the transport. This fails when
1635              // there is an existing message still being sent, or (for v2 transports) when the
1636              // handshake has not yet completed.
1637              size_t memusage = it->GetMemoryUsage();
1638              if (node.m_transport->SetMessageToSend(*it)) {
1639                  // Update memory usage of send buffer (as *it will be deleted).
1640                  node.m_send_memusage -= memusage;
1641                  ++it;
1642              }
1643          }
1644          const auto& [data, more, msg_type] = node.m_transport->GetBytesToSend(it != node.vSendMsg.end());
1645          // We rely on the 'more' value returned by GetBytesToSend to correctly predict whether more
1646          // bytes are still to be sent, to correctly set the MSG_MORE flag. As a sanity check,
1647          // verify that the previously returned 'more' was correct.
1648          if (expected_more.has_value()) Assume(!data.empty() == *expected_more);
1649          expected_more = more;
1650          data_left = !data.empty(); // will be overwritten on next loop if all of data gets sent
1651          int nBytes = 0;
1652          if (!data.empty()) {
1653              LOCK(node.m_sock_mutex);
1654              // There is no socket in case we've already disconnected, or in test cases without
1655              // real connections. In these cases, we bail out immediately and just leave things
1656              // in the send queue and transport.
1657              if (!node.m_sock) {
1658                  break;
1659              }
1660              int flags = MSG_NOSIGNAL | MSG_DONTWAIT;
1661  #ifdef MSG_MORE
1662              if (more) {
1663                  flags |= MSG_MORE;
1664              }
1665  #endif
1666              nBytes = node.m_sock->Send(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data.data()), data.size(), flags);
1667          }
1668          if (nBytes > 0) {
1669              node.m_last_send = GetTime<std::chrono::seconds>();
1670              node.nSendBytes += nBytes;
1671              // Notify transport that bytes have been processed.
1672              node.m_transport->MarkBytesSent(nBytes);
1673              // Update statistics per message type.
1674              if (!msg_type.empty()) { // don't report v2 handshake bytes for now
1675                  node.AccountForSentBytes(msg_type, nBytes);
1676              }
1677              nSentSize += nBytes;
1678              if ((size_t)nBytes != data.size()) {
1679                  // could not send full message; stop sending more
1680                  break;
1681              }
1682          } else {
1683              if (nBytes < 0) {
1684                  // error
1685                  int nErr = WSAGetLastError();
1686                  if (nErr != WSAEWOULDBLOCK && nErr != WSAEMSGSIZE && nErr != WSAEINTR && nErr != WSAEINPROGRESS) {
1687                      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "socket send error, %s: %s\n", node.DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs), NetworkErrorString(nErr));
1688                      node.CloseSocketDisconnect();
1689                  }
1690              }
1691              break;
1692          }
1693      }
1694  
1695      node.fPauseSend = node.m_send_memusage + node.m_transport->GetSendMemoryUsage() > nSendBufferMaxSize;
1696  
1697      if (it == node.vSendMsg.end()) {
1698          assert(node.m_send_memusage == 0);
1699      }
1700      node.vSendMsg.erase(node.vSendMsg.begin(), it);
1701      return {nSentSize, data_left};
1702  }
1703  
1704  /** Try to find a connection to evict when the node is full.
1705   *  Extreme care must be taken to avoid opening the node to attacker
1706   *   triggered network partitioning.
1707   *  The strategy used here is to protect a small number of peers
1708   *   for each of several distinct characteristics which are difficult
1709   *   to forge.  In order to partition a node the attacker must be
1710   *   simultaneously better at all of them than honest peers.
1711   */
1712  bool CConnman::AttemptToEvictConnection(bool force)
1713  {
1714      std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate> vEvictionCandidates;
1715      {
1716  
1717          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
1718          for (const CNode* node : m_nodes) {
1719              if (node->fDisconnect)
1720                  continue;
1721              NodeEvictionCandidate candidate{
1722                  .id = node->GetId(),
1723                  .m_connected = node->m_connected,
1724                  .m_min_ping_time = node->m_min_ping_time,
1725                  .m_last_block_time = node->m_last_block_time,
1726                  .m_last_tx_time = node->m_last_tx_time,
1727                  .fRelevantServices = node->m_has_all_wanted_services,
1728                  .m_relay_txs = node->m_relays_txs.load(),
1729                  .fBloomFilter = node->m_bloom_filter_loaded.load(),
1730                  .nKeyedNetGroup = node->nKeyedNetGroup,
1731                  .prefer_evict = node->m_prefer_evict,
1732                  .m_is_local = node->addr.IsLocal(),
1733                  .m_network = node->ConnectedThroughNetwork(),
1734                  .m_noban = node->HasPermission(NetPermissionFlags::NoBan),
1735                  .m_conn_type = node->m_conn_type,
1736              };
1737              vEvictionCandidates.push_back(candidate);
1738          }
1739      }
1740      const std::optional<NodeId> node_id_to_evict = SelectNodeToEvict(std::move(vEvictionCandidates), force);
1741      if (!node_id_to_evict) {
1742          return false;
1743      }
1744      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
1745      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
1746          if (pnode->GetId() == *node_id_to_evict) {
1747              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "selected %s connection for eviction, %s", pnode->ConnectionTypeAsString(), pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
1748              TRACEPOINT(net, evicted_inbound_connection,
1749                  pnode->GetId(),
1750                  pnode->m_addr_name.c_str(),
1751                  pnode->ConnectionTypeAsString().c_str(),
1752                  pnode->ConnectedThroughNetwork(),
1753                  Ticks<std::chrono::seconds>(pnode->m_connected));
1754              pnode->fDisconnect = true;
1755              return true;
1756          }
1757      }
1758      return false;
1759  }
1760  
1761  void CConnman::AcceptConnection(const ListenSocket& hListenSocket) {
1762      struct sockaddr_storage sockaddr;
1763      socklen_t len = sizeof(sockaddr);
1764      auto sock = hListenSocket.sock->Accept((struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, &len);
1765  
1766      if (!sock) {
1767          const int nErr = WSAGetLastError();
1768          if (nErr != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
1769              LogPrintf("socket error accept failed: %s\n", NetworkErrorString(nErr));
1770          }
1771          return;
1772      }
1773  
1774      CService addr;
1775      if (!addr.SetSockAddr((const struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, len)) {
1776          LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Warning, "Unknown socket family\n");
1777      } else {
1778          addr = MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(addr);
1779      }
1780  
1781      const CService addr_bind{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(GetBindAddress(*sock))};
1782  
1783      NetPermissionFlags permission_flags = NetPermissionFlags::None;
1784      hListenSocket.AddSocketPermissionFlags(permission_flags);
1785  
1786      CreateNodeFromAcceptedSocket(std::move(sock), permission_flags, addr_bind, addr);
1787  }
1788  
1789  void CConnman::CreateNodeFromAcceptedSocket(std::unique_ptr<Sock>&& sock,
1790                                              NetPermissionFlags permission_flags,
1791                                              const CService& addr_bind,
1792                                              const CService& addr)
1793  {
1794      int nInbound = 0;
1795  
1796      const bool inbound_onion = [this, &addr, &addr_bind]{
1797          if (m_onion_binds.empty()) {
1798              if (!m_listenonion) {
1799                  // If -listenonion=0, assume we do not have inbound Tor connections on non-onion listeners
1800                  return false;
1801              }
1802              // Tor connections are coming in on the first -bind
1803              if ((!m_normal_binds.empty()) && addr_bind == m_normal_binds.front()) {
1804                  if (addr_bind.IsBindAny()) {
1805                      // Tor connections should have a source IP that is local
1806                      return addr.IsLocal();
1807                  }
1808                  // Otherwise, the source IP is unpredictable, so assume anything could be onion
1809                  return true;
1810              }
1811              return false;
1812          } else {
1813              return std::find(m_onion_binds.begin(), m_onion_binds.end(), addr_bind) != m_onion_binds.end();
1814          }
1815      }();
1816  
1817      // Tor inbound connections do not reveal the peer's actual network address.
1818      // Therefore do not apply address-based whitelist permissions to them.
1819      AddWhitelistPermissionFlags(permission_flags, inbound_onion ? std::optional<CNetAddr>{} : addr, vWhitelistedRangeIncoming);
1820  
1821      {
1822          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
1823          for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
1824              if (pnode->IsInboundConn()) nInbound++;
1825          }
1826      }
1827  
1828      if (!fNetworkActive) {
1829          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "connection from %s dropped: not accepting new connections\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
1830          return;
1831      }
1832  
1833      if (!sock->IsSelectable()) {
1834          LogPrintf("connection from %s dropped: non-selectable socket\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
1835          return;
1836      }
1837  
1838      // According to the internet TCP_NODELAY is not carried into accepted sockets
1839      // on all platforms.  Set it again here just to be sure.
1840      const int on{1};
1841      if (sock->SetSockOpt(IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &on, sizeof(on)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
1842          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "connection from %s: unable to set TCP_NODELAY, continuing anyway\n",
1843                   addr.ToStringAddrPort());
1844      }
1845  
1846      // Don't accept connections from banned peers.
1847      bool banned = m_banman && m_banman->IsBanned(addr);
1848      if (!NetPermissions::HasFlag(permission_flags, NetPermissionFlags::NoBan) && banned)
1849      {
1850          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "connection from %s dropped (banned)\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
1851          return;
1852      }
1853  
1854      // Only accept connections from discouraged peers if our inbound slots aren't (almost) full.
1855      bool discouraged = m_banman && m_banman->IsDiscouraged(addr);
1856      if (!NetPermissions::HasFlag(permission_flags, NetPermissionFlags::NoBan) && nInbound + 1 >= m_max_inbound && discouraged)
1857      {
1858          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "connection from %s dropped (discouraged)\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
1859          return;
1860      }
1861  
1862      bool forced{false};
1863      if (nInbound >= m_max_inbound)
1864      {
1865          // If the inbound connection attempt is granted ForceInbound permission, try a little harder
1866          // to make room by evicting a peer we may not have otherwise evicted.
1867          if (!AttemptToEvictConnection(NetPermissions::HasFlag(permission_flags, NetPermissionFlags::ForceInbound))) {
1868              // No connection to evict, disconnect the new connection
1869              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "failed to find an eviction candidate - connection dropped (full)\n");
1870              return;
1871          }
1872  
1873          // We kicked someone out
1874          forced = true;
1875      }
1876  
1877      NodeId id = GetNewNodeId();
1878      uint64_t nonce = GetDeterministicRandomizer(RANDOMIZER_ID_LOCALHOSTNONCE).Write(id).Finalize();
1879  
1880      // The V2Transport transparently falls back to V1 behavior when an incoming V1 connection is
1881      // detected, so use it whenever we signal NODE_P2P_V2.
1882      ServiceFlags local_services = GetLocalServices();
1883      const bool use_v2transport(local_services & NODE_P2P_V2);
1884  
1885      uint64_t network_id = GetDeterministicRandomizer(RANDOMIZER_ID_NETWORKKEY)
1886                          .Write(inbound_onion ? NET_ONION : addr.GetNetClass())
1887                          .Write(addr_bind.GetAddrBytes())
1888                          .Write(addr_bind.GetPort()) // inbound connections use bind port
1889                          .Finalize();
1890      CNode* pnode = new CNode(id,
1891                               std::move(sock),
1892                               CAddress{addr, NODE_NONE},
1893                               CalculateKeyedNetGroup(addr),
1894                               nonce,
1895                               addr_bind,
1896                               /*addrNameIn=*/"",
1897                               ConnectionType::INBOUND,
1898                               inbound_onion,
1899                               network_id,
1900                               CNodeOptions{
1901                                   .permission_flags = permission_flags,
1902                                   .prefer_evict = discouraged,
1903                                   .forced_inbound = forced,
1904                                   .recv_flood_size = nReceiveFloodSize,
1905                                   .use_v2transport = use_v2transport,
1906                               });
1907      pnode->AddRef();
1908      m_msgproc->InitializeNode(*pnode, local_services);
1909      {
1910          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
1911          m_nodes.push_back(pnode);
1912      }
1913      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "connection from %s accepted\n", addr.ToStringAddrPort());
1914      TRACEPOINT(net, inbound_connection,
1915          pnode->GetId(),
1916          pnode->m_addr_name.c_str(),
1917          pnode->ConnectionTypeAsString().c_str(),
1918          pnode->ConnectedThroughNetwork(),
1919          GetNodeCount(ConnectionDirection::In));
1920  
1921      // We received a new connection, harvest entropy from the time (and our peer count)
1922      RandAddEvent((uint32_t)id);
1923  }
1924  
1925  bool CConnman::AddConnection(const std::string& address, ConnectionType conn_type, bool use_v2transport = false)
1926  {
1927      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
1928      std::optional<int> max_connections;
1929      switch (conn_type) {
1930      case ConnectionType::INBOUND:
1931      case ConnectionType::MANUAL:
1932          return false;
1933      case ConnectionType::OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY:
1934          max_connections = m_max_outbound_full_relay;
1935          break;
1936      case ConnectionType::BLOCK_RELAY:
1937          max_connections = m_max_outbound_block_relay;
1938          break;
1939      // no limit for ADDR_FETCH because -seednode has no limit either
1940      case ConnectionType::ADDR_FETCH:
1941          break;
1942      // no limit for FEELER connections since they're short-lived
1943      case ConnectionType::FEELER:
1944          break;
1945      } // no default case, so the compiler can warn about missing cases
1946  
1947      // Count existing connections
1948      int existing_connections = WITH_LOCK(m_nodes_mutex,
1949                                           return std::count_if(m_nodes.begin(), m_nodes.end(), [conn_type](CNode* node) { return node->m_conn_type == conn_type; }););
1950  
1951      // Max connections of specified type already exist
1952      if (max_connections != std::nullopt && existing_connections >= max_connections) return false;
1953  
1954      // Max total outbound connections already exist
1955      CSemaphoreGrant grant(*semOutbound, true);
1956      if (!grant) return false;
1957  
1958      OpenNetworkConnection(CAddress(), false, std::move(grant), address.c_str(), conn_type, /*use_v2transport=*/use_v2transport);
1959      return true;
1960  }
1961  
1962  void CConnman::DisconnectNodes()
1963  {
1964      AssertLockNotHeld(m_nodes_mutex);
1965      AssertLockNotHeld(m_reconnections_mutex);
1966  
1967      // Use a temporary variable to accumulate desired reconnections, so we don't need
1968      // m_reconnections_mutex while holding m_nodes_mutex.
1969      decltype(m_reconnections) reconnections_to_add;
1970  
1971      {
1972          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
1973  
1974          const bool network_active{fNetworkActive};
1975          if (!network_active) {
1976              // Disconnect any connected nodes
1977              for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
1978                  if (!pnode->fDisconnect) {
1979                      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Network not active, %s\n", pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
1980                      pnode->fDisconnect = true;
1981                  }
1982              }
1983          }
1984  
1985          // Disconnect unused nodes
1986          std::vector<CNode*> nodes_copy = m_nodes;
1987          for (CNode* pnode : nodes_copy)
1988          {
1989              if (pnode->fDisconnect)
1990              {
1991                  // remove from m_nodes
1992                  m_nodes.erase(remove(m_nodes.begin(), m_nodes.end(), pnode), m_nodes.end());
1993  
1994                  // Add to reconnection list if appropriate. We don't reconnect right here, because
1995                  // the creation of a connection is a blocking operation (up to several seconds),
1996                  // and we don't want to hold up the socket handler thread for that long.
1997                  if (network_active && pnode->m_transport->ShouldReconnectV1() && !DisableV1OnClearnet(pnode->addr.GetNetClass())) {
1998                      reconnections_to_add.push_back({
1999                          .addr_connect = pnode->addr,
2000                          .grant = std::move(pnode->grantOutbound),
2001                          .destination = pnode->m_dest,
2002                          .conn_type = pnode->m_conn_type,
2003                          .use_v2transport = false});
2004                      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "retrying with v1 transport protocol for peer=%d\n", pnode->GetId());
2005                  }
2006  
2007                  // release outbound grant (if any)
2008                  pnode->grantOutbound.Release();
2009  
2010                  // close socket and cleanup
2011                  pnode->CloseSocketDisconnect();
2012  
2013                  // update connection count by network
2014                  if (pnode->IsManualOrFullOutboundConn()) --m_network_conn_counts[pnode->addr.GetNetwork()];
2015  
2016                  // hold in disconnected pool until all refs are released
2017                  pnode->Release();
2018                  m_nodes_disconnected.push_back(pnode);
2019              }
2020          }
2021      }
2022      {
2023          // Delete disconnected nodes
2024          std::list<CNode*> nodes_disconnected_copy = m_nodes_disconnected;
2025          for (CNode* pnode : nodes_disconnected_copy)
2026          {
2027              // Destroy the object only after other threads have stopped using it.
2028              if (pnode->GetRefCount() <= 0) {
2029                  m_nodes_disconnected.remove(pnode);
2030                  DeleteNode(pnode);
2031              }
2032          }
2033      }
2034      {
2035          // Move entries from reconnections_to_add to m_reconnections.
2036          LOCK(m_reconnections_mutex);
2037          m_reconnections.splice(m_reconnections.end(), std::move(reconnections_to_add));
2038      }
2039  }
2040  
2041  void CConnman::NotifyNumConnectionsChanged()
2042  {
2043      size_t nodes_size;
2044      {
2045          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2046          nodes_size = m_nodes.size();
2047      }
2048      if(nodes_size != nPrevNodeCount) {
2049          nPrevNodeCount = nodes_size;
2050          if (m_client_interface) {
2051              m_client_interface->NotifyNumConnectionsChanged(nodes_size);
2052          }
2053      }
2054  }
2055  
2056  bool CConnman::ShouldRunInactivityChecks(const CNode& node, std::chrono::microseconds now) const
2057  {
2058      return node.m_connected + m_peer_connect_timeout < now;
2059  }
2060  
2061  bool CConnman::InactivityCheck(const CNode& node, std::chrono::microseconds now) const
2062  {
2063      // Tests that see disconnects after using mocktime can start nodes with a
2064      // large timeout. For example, -peertimeout=999999999.
2065      const auto last_send{node.m_last_send.load()};
2066      const auto last_recv{node.m_last_recv.load()};
2067  
2068      if (!ShouldRunInactivityChecks(node, now)) return false;
2069  
2070      bool has_received{last_recv.count() != 0};
2071      bool has_sent{last_send.count() != 0};
2072  
2073      if (!has_received || !has_sent) {
2074          std::string has_never;
2075          if (!has_received) has_never += ", never received from peer";
2076          if (!has_sent) has_never += ", never sent to peer";
2077          LogDebug(BCLog::NET,
2078              "socket no message in first %i seconds%s, %s\n",
2079              count_seconds(m_peer_connect_timeout),
2080              has_never,
2081              node.DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs)
2082          );
2083          return true;
2084      }
2085  
2086      if (now > last_send + TIMEOUT_INTERVAL) {
2087          LogDebug(BCLog::NET,
2088              "socket sending timeout: %is, %s\n", Ticks<std::chrono::seconds>(now - last_send),
2089              node.DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs)
2090          );
2091          return true;
2092      }
2093  
2094      if (now > last_recv + TIMEOUT_INTERVAL) {
2095          LogDebug(BCLog::NET,
2096              "socket receive timeout: %is, %s\n", Ticks<std::chrono::seconds>(now - last_recv),
2097              node.DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs)
2098          );
2099          return true;
2100      }
2101  
2102      if (!node.fSuccessfullyConnected) {
2103          if (node.m_transport->GetInfo().transport_type == TransportProtocolType::DETECTING) {
2104              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "V2 handshake timeout, %s\n", node.DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
2105          } else {
2106              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "version handshake timeout, %s\n", node.DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
2107          }
2108          return true;
2109      }
2110  
2111      return false;
2112  }
2113  
2114  Sock::EventsPerSock CConnman::GenerateWaitSockets(Span<CNode* const> nodes)
2115  {
2116      Sock::EventsPerSock events_per_sock;
2117  
2118      for (const ListenSocket& hListenSocket : vhListenSocket) {
2119          events_per_sock.emplace(hListenSocket.sock, Sock::Events{Sock::RECV});
2120      }
2121  
2122      for (CNode* pnode : nodes) {
2123          bool select_recv = !pnode->fPauseRecv;
2124          bool select_send;
2125          {
2126              LOCK(pnode->cs_vSend);
2127              // Sending is possible if either there are bytes to send right now, or if there will be
2128              // once a potential message from vSendMsg is handed to the transport. GetBytesToSend
2129              // determines both of these in a single call.
2130              const auto& [to_send, more, _msg_type] = pnode->m_transport->GetBytesToSend(!pnode->vSendMsg.empty());
2131              select_send = !to_send.empty() || more;
2132          }
2133          if (!select_recv && !select_send) continue;
2134  
2135          LOCK(pnode->m_sock_mutex);
2136          if (pnode->m_sock) {
2137              Sock::Event event = (select_send ? Sock::SEND : 0) | (select_recv ? Sock::RECV : 0);
2138              events_per_sock.emplace(pnode->m_sock, Sock::Events{event});
2139          }
2140      }
2141  
2142      return events_per_sock;
2143  }
2144  
2145  void CConnman::SocketHandler()
2146  {
2147      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
2148  
2149      Sock::EventsPerSock events_per_sock;
2150  
2151      {
2152          const NodesSnapshot snap{*this, /*shuffle=*/false};
2153  
2154          const auto timeout = std::chrono::milliseconds(SELECT_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
2155  
2156          // Check for the readiness of the already connected sockets and the
2157          // listening sockets in one call ("readiness" as in poll(2) or
2158          // select(2)). If none are ready, wait for a short while and return
2159          // empty sets.
2160          events_per_sock = GenerateWaitSockets(snap.Nodes());
2161          if (events_per_sock.empty() || !events_per_sock.begin()->first->WaitMany(timeout, events_per_sock)) {
2162              interruptNet.sleep_for(timeout);
2163          }
2164  
2165          // Service (send/receive) each of the already connected nodes.
2166          SocketHandlerConnected(snap.Nodes(), events_per_sock);
2167      }
2168  
2169      // Accept new connections from listening sockets.
2170      SocketHandlerListening(events_per_sock);
2171  }
2172  
2173  void CConnman::SocketHandlerConnected(const std::vector<CNode*>& nodes,
2174                                        const Sock::EventsPerSock& events_per_sock)
2175  {
2176      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
2177  
2178      auto now = GetTime<std::chrono::microseconds>();
2179  
2180      for (CNode* pnode : nodes) {
2181          if (interruptNet)
2182              return;
2183  
2184          //
2185          // Receive
2186          //
2187          bool recvSet = false;
2188          bool sendSet = false;
2189          bool errorSet = false;
2190          {
2191              LOCK(pnode->m_sock_mutex);
2192              if (!pnode->m_sock) {
2193                  continue;
2194              }
2195              const auto it = events_per_sock.find(pnode->m_sock);
2196              if (it != events_per_sock.end()) {
2197                  recvSet = it->second.occurred & Sock::RECV;
2198                  sendSet = it->second.occurred & Sock::SEND;
2199                  errorSet = it->second.occurred & Sock::ERR;
2200              }
2201          }
2202  
2203          if (sendSet) {
2204              // Send data
2205              auto [bytes_sent, data_left] = WITH_LOCK(pnode->cs_vSend, return SocketSendData(*pnode));
2206              if (bytes_sent) {
2207                  RecordBytesSent(bytes_sent);
2208  
2209                  // If both receiving and (non-optimistic) sending were possible, we first attempt
2210                  // sending. If that succeeds, but does not fully drain the send queue, do not
2211                  // attempt to receive. This avoids needlessly queueing data if the remote peer
2212                  // is slow at receiving data, by means of TCP flow control. We only do this when
2213                  // sending actually succeeded to make sure progress is always made; otherwise a
2214                  // deadlock would be possible when both sides have data to send, but neither is
2215                  // receiving.
2216                  if (data_left) recvSet = false;
2217              }
2218          }
2219  
2220          if (recvSet || errorSet)
2221          {
2222              // typical socket buffer is 8K-64K
2223              uint8_t pchBuf[0x10000];
2224              int nBytes = 0;
2225              {
2226                  LOCK(pnode->m_sock_mutex);
2227                  if (!pnode->m_sock) {
2228                      continue;
2229                  }
2230                  nBytes = pnode->m_sock->Recv(pchBuf, sizeof(pchBuf), MSG_DONTWAIT);
2231              }
2232              if (nBytes > 0)
2233              {
2234                  bool notify = false;
2235                  if (!pnode->ReceiveMsgBytes({pchBuf, (size_t)nBytes}, notify)) {
2236                      LogDebug(BCLog::NET,
2237                          "receiving message bytes failed, %s\n",
2238                          pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs)
2239                      );
2240                      pnode->CloseSocketDisconnect();
2241                  }
2242                  RecordBytesRecv(nBytes);
2243                  if (notify) {
2244                      pnode->MarkReceivedMsgsForProcessing();
2245                      WakeMessageHandler();
2246                  }
2247              }
2248              else if (nBytes == 0)
2249              {
2250                  // socket closed gracefully
2251                  if (!pnode->fDisconnect) {
2252                      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "socket closed, %s\n", pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
2253                  }
2254                  pnode->CloseSocketDisconnect();
2255              }
2256              else if (nBytes < 0)
2257              {
2258                  // error
2259                  int nErr = WSAGetLastError();
2260                  if (nErr != WSAEWOULDBLOCK && nErr != WSAEMSGSIZE && nErr != WSAEINTR && nErr != WSAEINPROGRESS)
2261                  {
2262                      if (!pnode->fDisconnect) {
2263                          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "socket recv error, %s: %s\n", pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs), NetworkErrorString(nErr));
2264                      }
2265                      pnode->CloseSocketDisconnect();
2266                  }
2267              }
2268          }
2269  
2270          if (InactivityCheck(*pnode, now)) pnode->fDisconnect = true;
2271      }
2272  }
2273  
2274  void CConnman::SocketHandlerListening(const Sock::EventsPerSock& events_per_sock)
2275  {
2276      for (const ListenSocket& listen_socket : vhListenSocket) {
2277          if (interruptNet) {
2278              return;
2279          }
2280          const auto it = events_per_sock.find(listen_socket.sock);
2281          if (it != events_per_sock.end() && it->second.occurred & Sock::RECV) {
2282              AcceptConnection(listen_socket);
2283          }
2284      }
2285  }
2286  
2287  void CConnman::ThreadSocketHandler()
2288  {
2289      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
2290  
2291      while (!interruptNet)
2292      {
2293          DisconnectNodes();
2294          NotifyNumConnectionsChanged();
2295          SocketHandler();
2296      }
2297  }
2298  
2299  void CConnman::WakeMessageHandler()
2300  {
2301      {
2302          LOCK(mutexMsgProc);
2303          fMsgProcWake = true;
2304      }
2305      condMsgProc.notify_one();
2306  }
2307  
2308  void CConnman::ThreadDNSAddressSeed()
2309  {
2310      int outbound_connection_count = 0;
2311  
2312      if (!gArgs.GetArgs("-seednode").empty()) {
2313          auto start = NodeClock::now();
2314          constexpr std::chrono::seconds SEEDNODE_TIMEOUT = 30s;
2315          LogPrintf("-seednode enabled. Trying the provided seeds for %d seconds before defaulting to the dnsseeds.\n", SEEDNODE_TIMEOUT.count());
2316          while (!interruptNet) {
2317              if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500)))
2318                  return;
2319  
2320              // Abort if we have spent enough time without reaching our target.
2321              // Giving seed nodes 30 seconds so this does not become a race against fixedseeds (which triggers after 1 min)
2322              if (NodeClock::now() > start + SEEDNODE_TIMEOUT) {
2323                  LogPrintf("Couldn't connect to enough peers via seed nodes. Handing fetch logic to the DNS seeds.\n");
2324                  break;
2325              }
2326  
2327              outbound_connection_count = GetBIP110FullOutboundConnCount();
2328              if (outbound_connection_count >= SEED_OUTBOUND_CONNECTION_THRESHOLD) {
2329                  LogPrintf("P2P peers available. Finished fetching data from seed nodes.\n");
2330                  break;
2331              }
2332          }
2333      }
2334  
2335      FastRandomContext rng;
2336      std::vector<std::string> seeds = m_params.DNSSeeds();
2337      std::shuffle(seeds.begin(), seeds.end(), rng);
2338      int seeds_right_now = 0; // Number of seeds left before testing if we have enough connections
2339  
2340      if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-forcednsseed", DEFAULT_FORCEDNSSEED)) {
2341          // When -forcednsseed is provided, query all.
2342          seeds_right_now = seeds.size();
2343      } else if (addrman.Size() == 0) {
2344          // If we have no known peers, query all.
2345          // This will occur on the first run, or if peers.dat has been
2346          // deleted.
2347          seeds_right_now = seeds.size();
2348      }
2349  
2350      // Proceed with dnsseeds if seednodes hasn't reached the target or if forcednsseed is set
2351      if (outbound_connection_count < SEED_OUTBOUND_CONNECTION_THRESHOLD || seeds_right_now) {
2352          // goal: only query DNS seed if address need is acute
2353          // * If we have a reasonable number of peers in addrman, spend
2354          //   some time trying them first. This improves user privacy by
2355          //   creating fewer identifying DNS requests, reduces trust by
2356          //   giving seeds less influence on the network topology, and
2357          //   reduces traffic to the seeds.
2358          // * When querying DNS seeds query a few at once, this ensures
2359          //   that we don't give DNS seeds the ability to eclipse nodes
2360          //   that query them.
2361          // * If we continue having problems, eventually query all the
2362          //   DNS seeds, and if that fails too, also try the fixed seeds.
2363          //   (done in ThreadOpenConnections)
2364          int found = 0;
2365          const std::chrono::seconds seeds_wait_time = (addrman.Size() >= DNSSEEDS_DELAY_PEER_THRESHOLD ? DNSSEEDS_DELAY_MANY_PEERS : DNSSEEDS_DELAY_FEW_PEERS);
2366  
2367          for (const std::string& seed : seeds) {
2368              if (seeds_right_now == 0) {
2369                  seeds_right_now += DNSSEEDS_TO_QUERY_AT_ONCE;
2370  
2371                  if (addrman.Size() > 0) {
2372                      LogPrintf("Waiting %d seconds before querying DNS seeds.\n", seeds_wait_time.count());
2373                      std::chrono::seconds to_wait = seeds_wait_time;
2374                      while (to_wait.count() > 0) {
2375                          // if sleeping for the MANY_PEERS interval, wake up
2376                          // early to see if we have enough peers and can stop
2377                          // this thread entirely freeing up its resources
2378                          std::chrono::seconds w = std::min(DNSSEEDS_DELAY_FEW_PEERS, to_wait);
2379                          if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(w)) return;
2380                          to_wait -= w;
2381  
2382                          if (GetBIP110FullOutboundConnCount() >= SEED_OUTBOUND_CONNECTION_THRESHOLD) {
2383                              if (found > 0) {
2384                                  LogPrintf("%d addresses found from DNS seeds\n", found);
2385                                  LogPrintf("P2P peers available. Finished DNS seeding.\n");
2386                              } else {
2387                                  LogPrintf("P2P peers available. Skipped DNS seeding.\n");
2388                              }
2389                              return;
2390                          }
2391                      }
2392                  }
2393              }
2394  
2395              if (interruptNet) return;
2396  
2397              // hold off on querying seeds if P2P network deactivated
2398              if (!fNetworkActive) {
2399                  LogPrintf("Waiting for network to be reactivated before querying DNS seeds.\n");
2400                  do {
2401                      if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds{1})) return;
2402                  } while (!fNetworkActive);
2403              }
2404  
2405              LogPrintf("Loading addresses from DNS seed %s\n", seed);
2406              // If -proxy is in use, we make an ADDR_FETCH connection to the DNS resolved peer address
2407              // for the base dns seed domain in chainparams
2408              if (HaveNameProxy()) {
2409                  AddAddrFetch(seed);
2410              } else {
2411                  std::vector<CAddress> vAdd;
2412                  constexpr ServiceFlags requiredServiceBits{SeedsServiceFlags()};
2413                  std::string host = strprintf("x%x.%s", requiredServiceBits, seed);
2414                  CNetAddr resolveSource;
2415                  if (!resolveSource.SetInternal(host)) {
2416                      continue;
2417                  }
2418                  // Limit number of IPs learned from a single DNS seed. This limit exists to prevent the results from
2419                  // one DNS seed from dominating AddrMan. Note that the number of results from a UDP DNS query is
2420                  // bounded to 33 already, but it is possible for it to use TCP where a larger number of results can be
2421                  // returned.
2422                  unsigned int nMaxIPs = 32;
2423                  const auto addresses{LookupHost(host, nMaxIPs, true)};
2424                  if (!addresses.empty()) {
2425                      for (const CNetAddr& ip : addresses) {
2426                          CAddress addr = CAddress(CService(ip, m_params.GetDefaultPort()), requiredServiceBits);
2427                          addr.nTime = rng.rand_uniform_delay(Now<NodeSeconds>() - 3 * 24h, -4 * 24h); // use a random age between 3 and 7 days old
2428                          vAdd.push_back(addr);
2429                          found++;
2430                      }
2431                      addrman.Add(vAdd, resolveSource);
2432                  } else {
2433                      // If the seed does not support a subdomain with our desired service bits,
2434                      // we make an ADDR_FETCH connection to the DNS resolved peer address for the
2435                      // base dns seed domain in chainparams
2436                      AddAddrFetch(seed);
2437                  }
2438              }
2439              --seeds_right_now;
2440          }
2441          LogPrintf("%d addresses found from DNS seeds\n", found);
2442      } else {
2443          LogPrintf("Skipping DNS seeds. Enough peers have been found\n");
2444      }
2445  }
2446  
2447  void CConnman::DumpAddresses()
2448  {
2449      const auto start{SteadyClock::now()};
2450  
2451      DumpPeerAddresses(::gArgs, addrman);
2452  
2453      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Flushed %d addresses to peers.dat  %dms\n",
2454               addrman.Size(), Ticks<std::chrono::milliseconds>(SteadyClock::now() - start));
2455  }
2456  
2457  void CConnman::ProcessAddrFetch()
2458  {
2459      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
2460      std::string strDest;
2461      {
2462          LOCK(m_addr_fetches_mutex);
2463          if (m_addr_fetches.empty())
2464              return;
2465          strDest = m_addr_fetches.front();
2466          m_addr_fetches.pop_front();
2467      }
2468      // Attempt v2 connection if we support v2 - we'll reconnect with v1 if our
2469      // peer doesn't support it or immediately disconnects us for another reason.
2470      const bool use_v2transport(GetLocalServices() & NODE_P2P_V2);
2471      CAddress addr;
2472      CSemaphoreGrant grant(*semOutbound, /*fTry=*/true);
2473      if (grant) {
2474          OpenNetworkConnection(addr, false, std::move(grant), strDest.c_str(), ConnectionType::ADDR_FETCH, use_v2transport);
2475      }
2476  }
2477  
2478  bool CConnman::GetTryNewOutboundPeer() const
2479  {
2480      return m_try_another_outbound_peer;
2481  }
2482  
2483  void CConnman::SetTryNewOutboundPeer(bool flag)
2484  {
2485      m_try_another_outbound_peer = flag;
2486      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "setting try another outbound peer=%s\n", flag ? "true" : "false");
2487  }
2488  
2489  void CConnman::StartExtraBlockRelayPeers()
2490  {
2491      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "enabling extra block-relay-only peers\n");
2492      m_start_extra_block_relay_peers = true;
2493  }
2494  
2495  // Return the number of BIP110 outbound connections that are full relay (not blocks only).
2496  // Non-BIP110 outbound peers are excluded as they are "additional" and don't count toward limits.
2497  int CConnman::GetBIP110FullOutboundConnCount() const
2498  {
2499      int nRelevant = 0;
2500      {
2501          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2502          for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
2503              if (pnode->fSuccessfullyConnected && pnode->IsFullOutboundConn() && !pnode->m_is_non_bip110_outbound) ++nRelevant;
2504          }
2505      }
2506      return nRelevant;
2507  }
2508  
2509  // Return the number of peers we have over our outbound connection limit
2510  // Exclude peers that are marked for disconnect, or are going to be
2511  // disconnected soon (eg ADDR_FETCH and FEELER)
2512  // Also exclude peers that haven't finished initial connection handshake yet
2513  // (so that we don't decide we're over our desired connection limit, and then
2514  // evict some peer that has finished the handshake)
2515  int CConnman::GetExtraFullOutboundCount() const
2516  {
2517      int full_outbound_peers = 0;
2518      {
2519          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2520          for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
2521              if (pnode->fSuccessfullyConnected && !pnode->fDisconnect && pnode->IsFullOutboundConn()) {
2522                  ++full_outbound_peers;
2523              }
2524          }
2525      }
2526      return std::max(full_outbound_peers - m_max_outbound_full_relay, 0);
2527  }
2528  
2529  int CConnman::GetExtraBlockRelayCount() const
2530  {
2531      int block_relay_peers = 0;
2532      {
2533          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2534          for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
2535              if (pnode->fSuccessfullyConnected && !pnode->fDisconnect && pnode->IsBlockOnlyConn()) {
2536                  ++block_relay_peers;
2537              }
2538          }
2539      }
2540      return std::max(block_relay_peers - m_max_outbound_block_relay, 0);
2541  }
2542  
2543  std::unordered_set<Network> CConnman::GetReachableEmptyNetworks() const
2544  {
2545      std::unordered_set<Network> networks{};
2546      for (int n = 0; n < NET_MAX; n++) {
2547          enum Network net = (enum Network)n;
2548          if (net == NET_UNROUTABLE || net == NET_INTERNAL) continue;
2549          if (g_reachable_nets.Contains(net) && addrman.Size(net, std::nullopt) == 0) {
2550              networks.insert(net);
2551          }
2552      }
2553      return networks;
2554  }
2555  
2556  bool CConnman::MultipleManualOrFullOutboundConns(Network net) const
2557  {
2558      AssertLockHeld(m_nodes_mutex);
2559      return m_network_conn_counts[net] > 1;
2560  }
2561  
2562  bool CConnman::DisableV1OnClearnet(Network net) const
2563  {
2564      return disable_v1conn_clearnet && (net == NET_IPV4 || net == NET_IPV6);
2565  }
2566  
2567  bool CConnman::MaybePickPreferredNetwork(std::optional<Network>& network)
2568  {
2569      std::array<Network, 5> nets{NET_IPV4, NET_IPV6, NET_ONION, NET_I2P, NET_CJDNS};
2570      std::shuffle(nets.begin(), nets.end(), FastRandomContext());
2571  
2572      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2573      for (const auto net : nets) {
2574          if (g_reachable_nets.Contains(net) && m_network_conn_counts[net] == 0 && addrman.Size(net) != 0) {
2575              network = net;
2576              return true;
2577          }
2578      }
2579  
2580      return false;
2581  }
2582  
2583  void CConnman::ThreadOpenConnections(const std::vector<std::string> connect, Span<const std::string> seed_nodes)
2584  {
2585      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
2586      AssertLockNotHeld(m_reconnections_mutex);
2587      FastRandomContext rng;
2588      // Connect to specific addresses
2589      if (!connect.empty())
2590      {
2591          // Attempt v2 connection if we support v2 - we'll reconnect with v1 if our
2592          // peer doesn't support it or immediately disconnects us for another reason.
2593          const bool use_v2transport(GetLocalServices() & NODE_P2P_V2);
2594          for (int64_t nLoop = 0;; nLoop++)
2595          {
2596              for (const std::string& strAddr : connect)
2597              {
2598                  CAddress addr(CService(), NODE_NONE);
2599                  OpenNetworkConnection(addr, false, {}, strAddr.c_str(), ConnectionType::MANUAL, /*use_v2transport=*/use_v2transport);
2600                  for (int i = 0; i < 10 && i < nLoop; i++)
2601                  {
2602                      if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500)))
2603                          return;
2604                  }
2605              }
2606              if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500)))
2607                  return;
2608              PerformReconnections();
2609          }
2610      }
2611  
2612      // Initiate network connections
2613      auto start = GetTime<std::chrono::microseconds>();
2614  
2615      // Minimum time before next feeler connection (in microseconds).
2616      auto next_feeler = start + rng.rand_exp_duration(FEELER_INTERVAL);
2617      auto next_extra_block_relay = start + rng.rand_exp_duration(EXTRA_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_PEER_INTERVAL);
2618      auto next_extra_network_peer{start + rng.rand_exp_duration(EXTRA_NETWORK_PEER_INTERVAL)};
2619      const bool dnsseed = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-dnsseed", DEFAULT_DNSSEED);
2620      bool add_fixed_seeds = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-fixedseeds", DEFAULT_FIXEDSEEDS);
2621      const bool use_seednodes{!gArgs.GetArgs("-seednode").empty()};
2622  
2623      auto seed_node_timer = NodeClock::now();
2624      bool add_addr_fetch{addrman.Size() == 0 && !seed_nodes.empty()};
2625      constexpr std::chrono::seconds ADD_NEXT_SEEDNODE = 10s;
2626  
2627      if (!add_fixed_seeds) {
2628          LogPrintf("Fixed seeds are disabled\n");
2629      }
2630  
2631      while (!interruptNet)
2632      {
2633          if (add_addr_fetch) {
2634              add_addr_fetch = false;
2635              const auto& seed{SpanPopBack(seed_nodes)};
2636              AddAddrFetch(seed);
2637  
2638              if (addrman.Size() == 0) {
2639                  LogInfo("Empty addrman, adding seednode (%s) to addrfetch\n", seed);
2640              } else {
2641                  LogInfo("Couldn't connect to peers from addrman after %d seconds. Adding seednode (%s) to addrfetch\n", ADD_NEXT_SEEDNODE.count(), seed);
2642              }
2643          }
2644  
2645          ProcessAddrFetch();
2646  
2647          if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500)))
2648              return;
2649  
2650          PerformReconnections();
2651  
2652          CSemaphoreGrant grant(*semOutbound);
2653          if (interruptNet)
2654              return;
2655  
2656          const std::unordered_set<Network> fixed_seed_networks{GetReachableEmptyNetworks()};
2657          if (add_fixed_seeds && !fixed_seed_networks.empty()) {
2658              // When the node starts with an empty peers.dat, there are a few other sources of peers before
2659              // we fallback on to fixed seeds: -dnsseed, -seednode, -addnode
2660              // If none of those are available, we fallback on to fixed seeds immediately, else we allow
2661              // 60 seconds for any of those sources to populate addrman.
2662              bool add_fixed_seeds_now = false;
2663              // It is cheapest to check if enough time has passed first.
2664              if (GetTime<std::chrono::seconds>() > start + std::chrono::minutes{1}) {
2665                  add_fixed_seeds_now = true;
2666                  LogPrintf("Adding fixed seeds as 60 seconds have passed and addrman is empty for at least one reachable network\n");
2667              }
2668  
2669              // Perform cheap checks before locking a mutex.
2670              else if (!dnsseed && !use_seednodes) {
2671                  LOCK(m_added_nodes_mutex);
2672                  if (m_added_node_params.empty()) {
2673                      add_fixed_seeds_now = true;
2674                      LogPrintf("Adding fixed seeds as -dnsseed=0 (or IPv4/IPv6 connections are disabled via -onlynet) and neither -addnode nor -seednode are provided\n");
2675                  }
2676              }
2677  
2678              if (add_fixed_seeds_now) {
2679                  std::vector<CAddress> seed_addrs{ConvertSeeds(m_params.FixedSeeds())};
2680                  // We will not make outgoing connections to peers that are unreachable
2681                  // (e.g. because of -onlynet configuration).
2682                  // Therefore, we do not add them to addrman in the first place.
2683                  // In case previously unreachable networks become reachable
2684                  // (e.g. in case of -onlynet changes by the user), fixed seeds will
2685                  // be loaded only for networks for which we have no addresses.
2686                  seed_addrs.erase(std::remove_if(seed_addrs.begin(), seed_addrs.end(),
2687                                                  [&fixed_seed_networks](const CAddress& addr) { return fixed_seed_networks.count(addr.GetNetwork()) == 0; }),
2688                                   seed_addrs.end());
2689                  CNetAddr local;
2690                  local.SetInternal("fixedseeds");
2691                  addrman.Add(seed_addrs, local);
2692                  add_fixed_seeds = false;
2693                  LogPrintf("Added %d fixed seeds from reachable networks.\n", seed_addrs.size());
2694              }
2695          }
2696  
2697          //
2698          // Choose an address to connect to based on most recently seen
2699          //
2700          CAddress addrConnect;
2701  
2702          // Only connect out to one peer per ipv4/ipv6 network group (/16 for IPv4).
2703          int nOutboundFullRelay = 0;
2704          int nOutboundBlockRelay = 0;
2705          int outbound_privacy_network_peers = 0;
2706          std::set<std::vector<unsigned char>> outbound_ipv46_peer_netgroups;
2707  
2708          {
2709              LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2710              for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
2711                  // Non-BIP110 outbound peers are "additional" - don't count toward limits
2712                  if (pnode->IsFullOutboundConn() && !pnode->m_is_non_bip110_outbound) nOutboundFullRelay++;
2713                  if (pnode->IsBlockOnlyConn()) nOutboundBlockRelay++;
2714  
2715                  // Make sure our persistent outbound slots to ipv4/ipv6 peers belong to different netgroups.
2716                  switch (pnode->m_conn_type) {
2717                      // We currently don't take inbound connections into account. Since they are
2718                      // free to make, an attacker could make them to prevent us from connecting to
2719                      // certain peers.
2720                      case ConnectionType::INBOUND:
2721                      // Short-lived outbound connections should not affect how we select outbound
2722                      // peers from addrman.
2723                      case ConnectionType::ADDR_FETCH:
2724                      case ConnectionType::FEELER:
2725                          break;
2726                      case ConnectionType::MANUAL:
2727                      case ConnectionType::OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY:
2728                      case ConnectionType::BLOCK_RELAY:
2729                          const CAddress address{pnode->addr};
2730                          if (address.IsTor() || address.IsI2P() || address.IsCJDNS()) {
2731                              // Since our addrman-groups for these networks are
2732                              // random, without relation to the route we
2733                              // take to connect to these peers or to the
2734                              // difficulty in obtaining addresses with diverse
2735                              // groups, we don't worry about diversity with
2736                              // respect to our addrman groups when connecting to
2737                              // these networks.
2738                              ++outbound_privacy_network_peers;
2739                          } else {
2740                              outbound_ipv46_peer_netgroups.insert(m_netgroupman.GetGroup(address));
2741                          }
2742                  } // no default case, so the compiler can warn about missing cases
2743              }
2744          }
2745  
2746          if (!seed_nodes.empty() && nOutboundFullRelay < SEED_OUTBOUND_CONNECTION_THRESHOLD) {
2747              if (NodeClock::now() > seed_node_timer + ADD_NEXT_SEEDNODE) {
2748                  seed_node_timer = NodeClock::now();
2749                  add_addr_fetch = true;
2750              }
2751          }
2752  
2753          ConnectionType conn_type = ConnectionType::OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY;
2754          auto now = GetTime<std::chrono::microseconds>();
2755          bool anchor = false;
2756          bool fFeeler = false;
2757          std::optional<Network> preferred_net;
2758  
2759          // Determine what type of connection to open. Opening
2760          // BLOCK_RELAY connections to addresses from anchors.dat gets the highest
2761          // priority. Then we open OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY priority until we
2762          // meet our full-relay capacity. Then we open BLOCK_RELAY connection
2763          // until we hit our block-relay-only peer limit.
2764          // GetTryNewOutboundPeer() gets set when a stale tip is detected, so we
2765          // try opening an additional OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY connection. If none of
2766          // these conditions are met, check to see if it's time to try an extra
2767          // block-relay-only peer (to confirm our tip is current, see below) or the next_feeler
2768          // timer to decide if we should open a FEELER.
2769  
2770          if (!m_anchors.empty() && (nOutboundBlockRelay < m_max_outbound_block_relay)) {
2771              conn_type = ConnectionType::BLOCK_RELAY;
2772              anchor = true;
2773          } else if (nOutboundFullRelay < m_max_outbound_full_relay) {
2774              // OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY
2775          } else if (nOutboundBlockRelay < m_max_outbound_block_relay) {
2776              conn_type = ConnectionType::BLOCK_RELAY;
2777          } else if (GetTryNewOutboundPeer()) {
2778              // OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY
2779          } else if (now > next_extra_block_relay && m_start_extra_block_relay_peers) {
2780              // Periodically connect to a peer (using regular outbound selection
2781              // methodology from addrman) and stay connected long enough to sync
2782              // headers, but not much else.
2783              //
2784              // Then disconnect the peer, if we haven't learned anything new.
2785              //
2786              // The idea is to make eclipse attacks very difficult to pull off,
2787              // because every few minutes we're finding a new peer to learn headers
2788              // from.
2789              //
2790              // This is similar to the logic for trying extra outbound (full-relay)
2791              // peers, except:
2792              // - we do this all the time on an exponential timer, rather than just when
2793              //   our tip is stale
2794              // - we potentially disconnect our next-youngest block-relay-only peer, if our
2795              //   newest block-relay-only peer delivers a block more recently.
2796              //   See the eviction logic in net_processing.cpp.
2797              //
2798              // Because we can promote these connections to block-relay-only
2799              // connections, they do not get their own ConnectionType enum
2800              // (similar to how we deal with extra outbound peers).
2801              next_extra_block_relay = now + rng.rand_exp_duration(EXTRA_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_PEER_INTERVAL);
2802              conn_type = ConnectionType::BLOCK_RELAY;
2803          } else if (now > next_feeler) {
2804              next_feeler = now + rng.rand_exp_duration(FEELER_INTERVAL);
2805              conn_type = ConnectionType::FEELER;
2806              fFeeler = true;
2807          } else if (nOutboundFullRelay == m_max_outbound_full_relay &&
2808                     m_max_outbound_full_relay == MAX_OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY_CONNECTIONS &&
2809                     now > next_extra_network_peer &&
2810                     MaybePickPreferredNetwork(preferred_net)) {
2811              // Full outbound connection management: Attempt to get at least one
2812              // outbound peer from each reachable network by making extra connections
2813              // and then protecting "only" peers from a network during outbound eviction.
2814              // This is not attempted if the user changed -maxconnections to a value
2815              // so low that less than MAX_OUTBOUND_FULL_RELAY_CONNECTIONS are made,
2816              // to prevent interactions with otherwise protected outbound peers.
2817              next_extra_network_peer = now + rng.rand_exp_duration(EXTRA_NETWORK_PEER_INTERVAL);
2818          } else {
2819              // skip to next iteration of while loop
2820              continue;
2821          }
2822  
2823          addrman.ResolveCollisions();
2824  
2825          const auto current_time{NodeClock::now()};
2826          int nTries = 0;
2827          const auto reachable_nets{g_reachable_nets.All()};
2828  
2829          while (!interruptNet)
2830          {
2831              if (anchor && !m_anchors.empty()) {
2832                  const CAddress addr = m_anchors.back();
2833                  m_anchors.pop_back();
2834                  if (!addr.IsValid() || IsLocal(addr) || !g_reachable_nets.Contains(addr) ||
2835                      !m_msgproc->HasAllDesirableServiceFlags(addr.nServices) ||
2836                      outbound_ipv46_peer_netgroups.count(m_netgroupman.GetGroup(addr))) continue;
2837                  addrConnect = addr;
2838                  LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Trying to make an anchor connection to %s\n", addrConnect.ToStringAddrPort());
2839                  break;
2840              }
2841  
2842              // If we didn't find an appropriate destination after trying 100 addresses fetched from addrman,
2843              // stop this loop, and let the outer loop run again (which sleeps, adds seed nodes, recalculates
2844              // already-connected network ranges, ...) before trying new addrman addresses.
2845              nTries++;
2846              if (nTries > 100)
2847                  break;
2848  
2849              CAddress addr;
2850              NodeSeconds addr_last_try{0s};
2851  
2852              if (fFeeler) {
2853                  // First, try to get a tried table collision address. This returns
2854                  // an empty (invalid) address if there are no collisions to try.
2855                  std::tie(addr, addr_last_try) = addrman.SelectTriedCollision();
2856  
2857                  if (!addr.IsValid()) {
2858                      // No tried table collisions. Select a new table address
2859                      // for our feeler.
2860                      std::tie(addr, addr_last_try) = addrman.Select(true, reachable_nets);
2861                  } else if (AlreadyConnectedToAddress(addr)) {
2862                      // If test-before-evict logic would have us connect to a
2863                      // peer that we're already connected to, just mark that
2864                      // address as Good(). We won't be able to initiate the
2865                      // connection anyway, so this avoids inadvertently evicting
2866                      // a currently-connected peer.
2867                      addrman.Good(addr);
2868                      // Select a new table address for our feeler instead.
2869                      std::tie(addr, addr_last_try) = addrman.Select(true, reachable_nets);
2870                  }
2871              } else {
2872                  // Not a feeler
2873                  // If preferred_net has a value set, pick an extra outbound
2874                  // peer from that network. The eviction logic in net_processing
2875                  // ensures that a peer from another network will be evicted.
2876                  std::tie(addr, addr_last_try) = preferred_net.has_value()
2877                      ? addrman.Select(false, {*preferred_net})
2878                      : addrman.Select(false, reachable_nets);
2879              }
2880  
2881              // Require outbound IPv4/IPv6 connections, other than feelers, to be to distinct network groups
2882              if (!fFeeler && outbound_ipv46_peer_netgroups.count(m_netgroupman.GetGroup(addr))) {
2883                  continue;
2884              }
2885  
2886              // if we selected an invalid or local address, restart
2887              if (!addr.IsValid() || IsLocal(addr)) {
2888                  break;
2889              }
2890  
2891              if (!g_reachable_nets.Contains(addr)) {
2892                  continue;
2893              }
2894  
2895              // only consider very recently tried nodes after 30 failed attempts
2896              if (current_time - addr_last_try < 10min && nTries < 30) {
2897                  continue;
2898              }
2899  
2900              // for non-feelers, require all the services we'll want,
2901              // for feelers, only require they be a full node (only because most
2902              // SPV clients don't have a good address DB available)
2903              if (!fFeeler && !m_msgproc->HasAllDesirableServiceFlags(addr.nServices)) {
2904                  continue;
2905              } else if (fFeeler && !MayHaveUsefulAddressDB(addr.nServices)) {
2906                  continue;
2907              }
2908  
2909              // Do not connect to bad ports, unless 50 invalid addresses have been selected already.
2910              if (nTries < 50 && (addr.IsIPv4() || addr.IsIPv6()) && IsBadPort(addr.GetPort())) {
2911                  continue;
2912              }
2913  
2914              // Do not make automatic outbound connections to addnode peers, to
2915              // not use our limited outbound slots for them and to ensure
2916              // addnode connections benefit from their intended protections.
2917              if (AddedNodesContain(addr)) {
2918                  LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Debug, "Not making automatic %s%s connection to %s peer selected for manual (addnode) connection%s\n",
2919                                preferred_net.has_value() ? "network-specific " : "",
2920                                ConnectionTypeAsString(conn_type), GetNetworkName(addr.GetNetwork()),
2921                                fLogIPs ? strprintf(": %s", addr.ToStringAddrPort()) : "");
2922                  continue;
2923              }
2924  
2925              addrConnect = addr;
2926              break;
2927          }
2928  
2929          if (addrConnect.IsValid()) {
2930              if (fFeeler) {
2931                  // Add small amount of random noise before connection to avoid synchronization.
2932                  if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(rng.rand_uniform_duration<CThreadInterrupt::Clock>(FEELER_SLEEP_WINDOW))) {
2933                      return;
2934                  }
2935                  LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Making feeler connection to %s\n", addrConnect.ToStringAddrPort());
2936              }
2937  
2938              if (preferred_net != std::nullopt) LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Making network specific connection to %s on %s.\n", addrConnect.ToStringAddrPort(), GetNetworkName(preferred_net.value()));
2939  
2940              // Record addrman failure attempts when node has at least 2 persistent outbound connections to peers with
2941              // different netgroups in ipv4/ipv6 networks + all peers in Tor/I2P/CJDNS networks.
2942              // Don't record addrman failure attempts when node is offline. This can be identified since all local
2943              // network connections (if any) belong in the same netgroup, and the size of `outbound_ipv46_peer_netgroups` would only be 1.
2944              const bool count_failures{((int)outbound_ipv46_peer_netgroups.size() + outbound_privacy_network_peers) >= std::min(m_max_automatic_connections - 1, 2)};
2945              // Use BIP324 transport when both us and them have NODE_V2_P2P set.
2946              const bool use_v2transport(addrConnect.nServices & GetLocalServices() & NODE_P2P_V2);
2947              OpenNetworkConnection(addrConnect, count_failures, std::move(grant), /*strDest=*/nullptr, conn_type, use_v2transport);
2948          }
2949      }
2950  }
2951  
2952  std::vector<CAddress> CConnman::GetCurrentBlockRelayOnlyConns() const
2953  {
2954      std::vector<CAddress> ret;
2955      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2956      for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
2957          if (pnode->IsBlockOnlyConn()) {
2958              ret.push_back(pnode->addr);
2959          }
2960      }
2961  
2962      return ret;
2963  }
2964  
2965  std::vector<AddedNodeInfo> CConnman::GetAddedNodeInfo(bool include_connected) const
2966  {
2967      std::vector<AddedNodeInfo> ret;
2968  
2969      std::list<AddedNodeParams> lAddresses(0);
2970      {
2971          LOCK(m_added_nodes_mutex);
2972          ret.reserve(m_added_node_params.size());
2973          std::copy(m_added_node_params.cbegin(), m_added_node_params.cend(), std::back_inserter(lAddresses));
2974      }
2975  
2976  
2977      // Build a map of all already connected addresses (by IP:port and by name) to inbound/outbound and resolved CService
2978      std::map<CService, bool> mapConnected;
2979      std::map<std::string, std::pair<bool, CService>> mapConnectedByName;
2980      {
2981          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
2982          for (const CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
2983              if (pnode->addr.IsValid()) {
2984                  mapConnected[pnode->addr] = pnode->IsInboundConn();
2985              }
2986              std::string addrName{pnode->m_addr_name};
2987              if (!addrName.empty()) {
2988                  mapConnectedByName[std::move(addrName)] = std::make_pair(pnode->IsInboundConn(), static_cast<const CService&>(pnode->addr));
2989              }
2990          }
2991      }
2992  
2993      for (const auto& addr : lAddresses) {
2994          CService service{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(LookupNumeric(addr.m_added_node, GetDefaultPort(addr.m_added_node)))};
2995          AddedNodeInfo addedNode{addr, CService(), false, false};
2996          if (service.IsValid()) {
2997              // strAddNode is an IP:port
2998              auto it = mapConnected.find(service);
2999              if (it != mapConnected.end()) {
3000                  if (!include_connected) {
3001                      continue;
3002                  }
3003                  addedNode.resolvedAddress = service;
3004                  addedNode.fConnected = true;
3005                  addedNode.fInbound = it->second;
3006              }
3007          } else {
3008              // strAddNode is a name
3009              auto it = mapConnectedByName.find(addr.m_added_node);
3010              if (it != mapConnectedByName.end()) {
3011                  if (!include_connected) {
3012                      continue;
3013                  }
3014                  addedNode.resolvedAddress = it->second.second;
3015                  addedNode.fConnected = true;
3016                  addedNode.fInbound = it->second.first;
3017              }
3018          }
3019          ret.emplace_back(std::move(addedNode));
3020      }
3021  
3022      return ret;
3023  }
3024  
3025  void CConnman::ThreadOpenAddedConnections()
3026  {
3027      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
3028      AssertLockNotHeld(m_reconnections_mutex);
3029      while (true)
3030      {
3031          CSemaphoreGrant grant(*semAddnode);
3032          std::vector<AddedNodeInfo> vInfo = GetAddedNodeInfo(/*include_connected=*/false);
3033          bool tried = false;
3034          for (const AddedNodeInfo& info : vInfo) {
3035              if (!grant) {
3036                  // If we've used up our semaphore and need a new one, let's not wait here since while we are waiting
3037                  // the addednodeinfo state might change.
3038                  break;
3039              }
3040              tried = true;
3041              CAddress addr(CService(), NODE_NONE);
3042              OpenNetworkConnection(addr, false, std::move(grant), info.m_params.m_added_node.c_str(), ConnectionType::MANUAL, info.m_params.m_use_v2transport);
3043              if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500))) return;
3044              grant = CSemaphoreGrant(*semAddnode, /*fTry=*/true);
3045          }
3046          // See if any reconnections are desired.
3047          PerformReconnections();
3048          // Retry every 60 seconds if a connection was attempted, otherwise two seconds
3049          if (!interruptNet.sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(tried ? 60 : 2)))
3050              return;
3051      }
3052  }
3053  
3054  // if successful, this moves the passed grant to the constructed node
3055  void CConnman::OpenNetworkConnection(const CAddress& addrConnect, bool fCountFailure, CSemaphoreGrant&& grant_outbound, const char *pszDest, ConnectionType conn_type, bool use_v2transport)
3056  {
3057      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
3058      assert(conn_type != ConnectionType::INBOUND);
3059  
3060      //
3061      // Initiate outbound network connection
3062      //
3063      if (interruptNet) {
3064          return;
3065      }
3066      if (!fNetworkActive) {
3067          return;
3068      }
3069      if (!pszDest) {
3070          bool banned_or_discouraged = m_banman && (m_banman->IsDiscouraged(addrConnect) || m_banman->IsBanned(addrConnect));
3071          if (IsLocal(addrConnect) || banned_or_discouraged || AlreadyConnectedToAddress(addrConnect)) {
3072              return;
3073          }
3074      } else if (FindNode(std::string(pszDest)))
3075          return;
3076  
3077      CNode* pnode = ConnectNode(addrConnect, pszDest, fCountFailure, conn_type, use_v2transport);
3078  
3079      if (!pnode)
3080          return;
3081      pnode->grantOutbound = std::move(grant_outbound);
3082  
3083      m_msgproc->InitializeNode(*pnode, m_local_services);
3084      {
3085          LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
3086          m_nodes.push_back(pnode);
3087  
3088          // update connection count by network
3089          if (pnode->IsManualOrFullOutboundConn()) ++m_network_conn_counts[pnode->addr.GetNetwork()];
3090      }
3091  
3092      TRACEPOINT(net, outbound_connection,
3093          pnode->GetId(),
3094          pnode->m_addr_name.c_str(),
3095          pnode->ConnectionTypeAsString().c_str(),
3096          pnode->ConnectedThroughNetwork(),
3097          GetNodeCount(ConnectionDirection::Out));
3098  }
3099  
3100  Mutex NetEventsInterface::g_msgproc_mutex;
3101  
3102  void CConnman::ThreadMessageHandler()
3103  {
3104      LOCK(NetEventsInterface::g_msgproc_mutex);
3105  
3106      while (!flagInterruptMsgProc)
3107      {
3108          bool fMoreWork = false;
3109  
3110          {
3111              // Randomize the order in which we process messages from/to our peers.
3112              // This prevents attacks in which an attacker exploits having multiple
3113              // consecutive connections in the m_nodes list.
3114              const NodesSnapshot snap{*this, /*shuffle=*/true};
3115  
3116              for (CNode* pnode : snap.Nodes()) {
3117                  if (pnode->fDisconnect)
3118                      continue;
3119  
3120                  CpuTimer timer{[&pnode](std::chrono::nanoseconds elapsed) { pnode->m_cpu_time += elapsed; }};
3121  
3122                  // Receive messages
3123                  bool fMoreNodeWork = m_msgproc->ProcessMessages(pnode, flagInterruptMsgProc);
3124                  fMoreWork |= (fMoreNodeWork && !pnode->fPauseSend);
3125                  if (flagInterruptMsgProc)
3126                      return;
3127                  // Send messages
3128                  m_msgproc->SendMessages(pnode);
3129  
3130                  if (flagInterruptMsgProc)
3131                      return;
3132              }
3133          }
3134  
3135          WAIT_LOCK(mutexMsgProc, lock);
3136          if (!fMoreWork) {
3137              condMsgProc.wait_until(lock, std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + std::chrono::milliseconds(100), [this]() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(mutexMsgProc) { return fMsgProcWake; });
3138          }
3139          fMsgProcWake = false;
3140      }
3141  }
3142  
3143  void CConnman::ThreadI2PAcceptIncoming()
3144  {
3145      static constexpr auto err_wait_begin = 1s;
3146      static constexpr auto err_wait_cap = 5min;
3147      auto err_wait = err_wait_begin;
3148  
3149      bool advertising_listen_addr = false;
3150      i2p::Connection conn;
3151  
3152      auto SleepOnFailure = [&]() {
3153          interruptNet.sleep_for(err_wait);
3154          if (err_wait < err_wait_cap) {
3155              err_wait += 1s;
3156          }
3157      };
3158  
3159      while (!interruptNet) {
3160  
3161          if (!m_i2p_sam_session->Listen(conn)) {
3162              if (advertising_listen_addr && conn.me.IsValid()) {
3163                  RemoveLocal(conn.me);
3164                  advertising_listen_addr = false;
3165              }
3166              SleepOnFailure();
3167              continue;
3168          }
3169  
3170          if (!advertising_listen_addr) {
3171              AddLocal(conn.me, LOCAL_MANUAL);
3172              advertising_listen_addr = true;
3173          }
3174  
3175          if (!m_i2p_sam_session->Accept(conn)) {
3176              SleepOnFailure();
3177              continue;
3178          }
3179  
3180          CreateNodeFromAcceptedSocket(std::move(conn.sock), NetPermissionFlags::None, conn.me, conn.peer);
3181  
3182          err_wait = err_wait_begin;
3183      }
3184  }
3185  
3186  bool CConnman::BindListenPort(const CService& addrBind, bilingual_str& strError, NetPermissionFlags permissions)
3187  {
3188      int nOne = 1;
3189  
3190      // Create socket for listening for incoming connections
3191      struct sockaddr_storage sockaddr;
3192      socklen_t len = sizeof(sockaddr);
3193      if (!addrBind.GetSockAddr((struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, &len))
3194      {
3195          strError = Untranslated(strprintf("Bind address family for %s not supported", addrBind.ToStringAddrPort()));
3196          LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Error, "%s\n", strError.original);
3197          return false;
3198      }
3199  
3200      std::unique_ptr<Sock> sock = CreateSock(addrBind.GetSAFamily(), SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
3201      if (!sock) {
3202          strError = Untranslated(strprintf("Couldn't open socket for incoming connections (socket returned error %s)", NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError())));
3203          LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Error, "%s\n", strError.original);
3204          return false;
3205      }
3206  
3207      // Allow binding if the port is still in TIME_WAIT state after
3208      // the program was closed and restarted.
3209      if (sock->SetSockOpt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (sockopt_arg_type)&nOne, sizeof(int)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
3210          strError = Untranslated(strprintf("Error setting SO_REUSEADDR on socket: %s, continuing anyway", NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError())));
3211          LogPrintf("%s\n", strError.original);
3212      }
3213  
3214      // some systems don't have IPV6_V6ONLY but are always v6only; others do have the option
3215      // and enable it by default or not. Try to enable it, if possible.
3216      if (addrBind.IsIPv6()) {
3217  #ifdef IPV6_V6ONLY
3218          if (sock->SetSockOpt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, (sockopt_arg_type)&nOne, sizeof(int)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
3219              strError = Untranslated(strprintf("Error setting IPV6_V6ONLY on socket: %s, continuing anyway", NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError())));
3220              LogPrintf("%s\n", strError.original);
3221          }
3222  #endif
3223  #ifdef WIN32
3224          int nProtLevel = PROTECTION_LEVEL_UNRESTRICTED;
3225          if (sock->SetSockOpt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PROTECTION_LEVEL, (const char*)&nProtLevel, sizeof(int)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
3226              strError = Untranslated(strprintf("Error setting IPV6_PROTECTION_LEVEL on socket: %s, continuing anyway", NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError())));
3227              LogPrintf("%s\n", strError.original);
3228          }
3229  #endif
3230      }
3231  
3232      if (sock->Bind(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr*>(&sockaddr), len) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
3233          int nErr = WSAGetLastError();
3234          if (nErr == WSAEADDRINUSE)
3235              strError = strprintf(_("Unable to bind to %s on this computer. %s is probably already running."), addrBind.ToStringAddrPort(), CLIENT_NAME);
3236          else
3237              strError = strprintf(_("Unable to bind to %s on this computer (bind returned error %s)"), addrBind.ToStringAddrPort(), NetworkErrorString(nErr));
3238          LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Error, "%s\n", strError.original);
3239          return false;
3240      }
3241      LogPrintf("Bound to %s\n", addrBind.ToStringAddrPort());
3242  
3243      // Listen for incoming connections
3244      if (sock->Listen(SOMAXCONN) == SOCKET_ERROR)
3245      {
3246          strError = strprintf(_("Listening for incoming connections failed (listen returned error %s)"), NetworkErrorString(WSAGetLastError()));
3247          LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Error, "%s\n", strError.original);
3248          return false;
3249      }
3250  
3251      vhListenSocket.emplace_back(std::move(sock), permissions);
3252      return true;
3253  }
3254  
3255  void Discover()
3256  {
3257      if (!fDiscover)
3258          return;
3259  
3260      for (const CNetAddr &addr: GetLocalAddresses()) {
3261          if (AddLocal(addr, LOCAL_IF))
3262              LogPrintf("%s: %s\n", __func__, addr.ToStringAddr());
3263      }
3264  }
3265  
3266  void CConnman::SetNetworkActive(bool active)
3267  {
3268      LogPrintf("%s: %s\n", __func__, active);
3269  
3270      if (fNetworkActive == active) {
3271          return;
3272      }
3273  
3274      fNetworkActive = active;
3275  
3276      if (m_client_interface) {
3277          m_client_interface->NotifyNetworkActiveChanged(fNetworkActive);
3278      }
3279  }
3280  
3281  CConnman::CConnman(uint64_t nSeed0In, uint64_t nSeed1In, AddrMan& addrman_in,
3282                     const NetGroupManager& netgroupman, const CChainParams& params, bool network_active)
3283      : addrman(addrman_in)
3284      , m_netgroupman{netgroupman}
3285      , nSeed0(nSeed0In)
3286      , nSeed1(nSeed1In)
3287      , m_params(params)
3288  {
3289      SetTryNewOutboundPeer(false);
3290  
3291      Options connOptions;
3292      Init(connOptions);
3293      SetNetworkActive(network_active);
3294  }
3295  
3296  NodeId CConnman::GetNewNodeId()
3297  {
3298      return nLastNodeId.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
3299  }
3300  
3301  uint16_t CConnman::GetDefaultPort(Network net) const
3302  {
3303      return net == NET_I2P ? I2P_SAM31_PORT : m_params.GetDefaultPort();
3304  }
3305  
3306  uint16_t CConnman::GetDefaultPort(const std::string& addr) const
3307  {
3308      CNetAddr a;
3309      return a.SetSpecial(addr) ? GetDefaultPort(a.GetNetwork()) : m_params.GetDefaultPort();
3310  }
3311  
3312  bool CConnman::Bind(const CService& addr_, unsigned int flags, NetPermissionFlags permissions)
3313  {
3314      const CService addr{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(addr_)};
3315  
3316      bilingual_str strError;
3317      if (!BindListenPort(addr, strError, permissions)) {
3318          if ((flags & BF_REPORT_ERROR) && m_client_interface) {
3319              m_client_interface->ThreadSafeMessageBox(strError, "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR);
3320          }
3321          return false;
3322      }
3323  
3324      if (addr.IsRoutable() && fDiscover && !(flags & BF_DONT_ADVERTISE) && !NetPermissions::HasFlag(permissions, NetPermissionFlags::NoBan)) {
3325          AddLocal(addr, LOCAL_BIND);
3326      }
3327  
3328      return true;
3329  }
3330  
3331  bool CConnman::InitBinds(const Options& options)
3332  {
3333      for (const auto& addrBind : options.vBinds) {
3334          if (!Bind(addrBind, BF_REPORT_ERROR, NetPermissionFlags::None)) {
3335              return false;
3336          }
3337      }
3338      for (const auto& addrBind : options.vWhiteBinds) {
3339          if (!Bind(addrBind.m_service, BF_REPORT_ERROR, addrBind.m_flags)) {
3340              return false;
3341          }
3342      }
3343      for (const auto& addr_bind : options.onion_binds) {
3344          if (!Bind(addr_bind, BF_REPORT_ERROR | BF_DONT_ADVERTISE, NetPermissionFlags::None)) {
3345              return false;
3346          }
3347      }
3348      if (options.bind_on_any) {
3349          // Don't consider errors to bind on IPv6 "::" fatal because the host OS
3350          // may not have IPv6 support and the user did not explicitly ask us to
3351          // bind on that.
3352          const CService ipv6_any{in6_addr(IN6ADDR_ANY_INIT), GetListenPort()}; // ::
3353          Bind(ipv6_any, BF_NONE, NetPermissionFlags::None);
3354  
3355          struct in_addr inaddr_any;
3356          inaddr_any.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
3357          const CService ipv4_any{inaddr_any, GetListenPort()}; // 0.0.0.0
3358          if (!Bind(ipv4_any, BF_REPORT_ERROR, NetPermissionFlags::None)) {
3359              int defaultPort = Params().GetDefaultPort();
3360              // If listening failed and another port than the standard port was specified,
3361              // ask if the user wants to connect via the standard port for the network instead
3362              if (GetListenPort() != defaultPort) {
3363                  bool fRet = uiInterface.ThreadSafeQuestion(
3364                      strprintf(_("Do you want to use the standard network port for %s (port %s) instead?"), CLIENT_NAME, defaultPort),
3365                      strprintf(_("Listen on port %s failed."), GetListenPort()).translated,
3366                      "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_INFORMATION | CClientUIInterface::MODAL | CClientUIInterface::BTN_OK | CClientUIInterface::BTN_ABORT);
3367  
3368                  if (fRet) {
3369                      // FIXME: Unbind IPv6 on the other port
3370  
3371                      gArgs.ForceSetArg("-port", defaultPort);
3372                      // Attempt to use standard port
3373                      struct in6_addr inaddr6_any = IN6ADDR_ANY_INIT;
3374                      Bind(CService(inaddr6_any, defaultPort), BF_NONE, NetPermissionFlags::None);
3375                      struct in_addr inaddr_any;
3376                      inaddr_any.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
3377                      if (!Bind(CService(inaddr_any, defaultPort), BF_REPORT_ERROR, NetPermissionFlags::None)) {
3378                          return false;
3379                      }
3380                  }
3381              }
3382          }
3383      }
3384      return true;
3385  }
3386  
3387  bool CConnman::Start(CScheduler& scheduler, const Options& connOptions)
3388  {
3389      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3390      Init(connOptions);
3391  
3392      if (fListen && !InitBinds(connOptions)) {
3393          if (m_client_interface) {
3394              m_client_interface->ThreadSafeMessageBox(
3395                  _("Failed to listen on any port. Use -listen=0 if you want this."),
3396                  "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR);
3397          }
3398          return false;
3399      }
3400  
3401      Proxy i2p_sam;
3402      if (GetProxy(NET_I2P, i2p_sam) && connOptions.m_i2p_accept_incoming) {
3403          m_i2p_sam_session = std::make_unique<i2p::sam::Session>(gArgs.GetDataDirNet() / "i2p_private_key",
3404                                                                  i2p_sam, &interruptNet);
3405      }
3406  
3407      // Randomize the order in which we may query seednode to potentially prevent connecting to the same one every restart (and signal that we have restarted)
3408      std::vector<std::string> seed_nodes = connOptions.vSeedNodes;
3409      if (!seed_nodes.empty()) {
3410          std::shuffle(seed_nodes.begin(), seed_nodes.end(), FastRandomContext{});
3411      }
3412  
3413      if (m_use_addrman_outgoing) {
3414          // Load addresses from anchors.dat
3415          m_anchors = ReadAnchors(gArgs.GetDataDirNet() / ANCHORS_DATABASE_FILENAME);
3416          if (m_anchors.size() > MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS) {
3417              m_anchors.resize(MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS);
3418          }
3419          LogPrintf("%i block-relay-only anchors will be tried for connections.\n", m_anchors.size());
3420      }
3421  
3422      if (m_client_interface) {
3423          m_client_interface->InitMessage(_("Starting network threads…"));
3424      }
3425  
3426      fAddressesInitialized = true;
3427  
3428      if (semOutbound == nullptr) {
3429          // initialize semaphore
3430          semOutbound = std::make_unique<CSemaphore>(std::min(m_max_automatic_outbound, m_max_automatic_connections));
3431      }
3432      if (semAddnode == nullptr) {
3433          // initialize semaphore
3434          semAddnode = std::make_unique<CSemaphore>(m_max_addnode);
3435      }
3436  
3437      //
3438      // Start threads
3439      //
3440      assert(m_msgproc);
3441      interruptNet.reset();
3442      flagInterruptMsgProc = false;
3443  
3444      {
3445          LOCK(mutexMsgProc);
3446          fMsgProcWake = false;
3447      }
3448  
3449      // Send and receive from sockets, accept connections
3450      threadSocketHandler = std::thread(&util::TraceThread, "net", [this] { ThreadSocketHandler(); });
3451  
3452      if (!gArgs.GetBoolArg("-dnsseed", DEFAULT_DNSSEED))
3453          LogPrintf("DNS seeding disabled\n");
3454      else
3455          threadDNSAddressSeed = std::thread(&util::TraceThread, "dnsseed", [this] { ThreadDNSAddressSeed(); });
3456  
3457      // Initiate manual connections
3458      threadOpenAddedConnections = std::thread(&util::TraceThread, "addcon", [this] { ThreadOpenAddedConnections(); });
3459  
3460      if (connOptions.m_use_addrman_outgoing && !connOptions.m_specified_outgoing.empty()) {
3461          if (m_client_interface) {
3462              m_client_interface->ThreadSafeMessageBox(
3463                  _("Cannot provide specific connections and have addrman find outgoing connections at the same time."),
3464                  "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR);
3465          }
3466          return false;
3467      }
3468      if (connOptions.m_use_addrman_outgoing || !connOptions.m_specified_outgoing.empty()) {
3469          threadOpenConnections = std::thread(
3470              &util::TraceThread, "opencon",
3471              [this, connect = connOptions.m_specified_outgoing, seed_nodes = std::move(seed_nodes)] { ThreadOpenConnections(connect, seed_nodes); });
3472      }
3473  
3474      // Process messages
3475      threadMessageHandler = std::thread(&util::TraceThread, "msghand", [this] { ThreadMessageHandler(); });
3476  
3477      if (m_i2p_sam_session) {
3478          threadI2PAcceptIncoming =
3479              std::thread(&util::TraceThread, "i2paccept", [this] { ThreadI2PAcceptIncoming(); });
3480      }
3481  
3482      // Dump network addresses
3483      scheduler.scheduleEvery([this] { DumpAddresses(); }, DUMP_PEERS_INTERVAL);
3484  
3485      // Run the ASMap Health check once and then schedule it to run every 24h.
3486      if (m_netgroupman.UsingASMap()) {
3487          ASMapHealthCheck();
3488          scheduler.scheduleEvery([this] { ASMapHealthCheck(); }, ASMAP_HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL);
3489      }
3490  
3491      return true;
3492  }
3493  
3494  class CNetCleanup
3495  {
3496  public:
3497      CNetCleanup() = default;
3498  
3499      ~CNetCleanup()
3500      {
3501  #ifdef WIN32
3502          // Shutdown Windows Sockets
3503          WSACleanup();
3504  #endif
3505      }
3506  };
3507  static CNetCleanup instance_of_cnetcleanup;
3508  
3509  void CConnman::Interrupt()
3510  {
3511      {
3512          LOCK(mutexMsgProc);
3513          flagInterruptMsgProc = true;
3514      }
3515      condMsgProc.notify_all();
3516  
3517      interruptNet();
3518      g_socks5_interrupt();
3519  
3520      if (semOutbound) {
3521          for (int i=0; i<m_max_automatic_outbound; i++) {
3522              semOutbound->post();
3523          }
3524      }
3525  
3526      if (semAddnode) {
3527          for (int i=0; i<m_max_addnode; i++) {
3528              semAddnode->post();
3529          }
3530      }
3531  }
3532  
3533  void CConnman::StopThreads()
3534  {
3535      if (threadI2PAcceptIncoming.joinable()) {
3536          threadI2PAcceptIncoming.join();
3537      }
3538      if (threadMessageHandler.joinable())
3539          threadMessageHandler.join();
3540      if (threadOpenConnections.joinable())
3541          threadOpenConnections.join();
3542      if (threadOpenAddedConnections.joinable())
3543          threadOpenAddedConnections.join();
3544      if (threadDNSAddressSeed.joinable())
3545          threadDNSAddressSeed.join();
3546      if (threadSocketHandler.joinable())
3547          threadSocketHandler.join();
3548  }
3549  
3550  void CConnman::StopNodes()
3551  {
3552      AssertLockNotHeld(m_reconnections_mutex);
3553  
3554      if (fAddressesInitialized) {
3555          DumpAddresses();
3556          fAddressesInitialized = false;
3557  
3558          if (m_use_addrman_outgoing) {
3559              // Anchor connections are only dumped during clean shutdown.
3560              std::vector<CAddress> anchors_to_dump = GetCurrentBlockRelayOnlyConns();
3561              if (anchors_to_dump.size() > MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS) {
3562                  anchors_to_dump.resize(MAX_BLOCK_RELAY_ONLY_ANCHORS);
3563              }
3564              DumpAnchors(gArgs.GetDataDirNet() / ANCHORS_DATABASE_FILENAME, anchors_to_dump);
3565          }
3566      }
3567  
3568      // Delete peer connections.
3569      std::vector<CNode*> nodes;
3570      WITH_LOCK(m_nodes_mutex, nodes.swap(m_nodes));
3571      for (CNode* pnode : nodes) {
3572          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Stopping node, %s", pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
3573          pnode->CloseSocketDisconnect();
3574          DeleteNode(pnode);
3575      }
3576  
3577      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes_disconnected) {
3578          DeleteNode(pnode);
3579      }
3580      m_nodes_disconnected.clear();
3581      WITH_LOCK(m_reconnections_mutex, m_reconnections.clear());
3582      vhListenSocket.clear();
3583      semOutbound.reset();
3584      semAddnode.reset();
3585  }
3586  
3587  void CConnman::DeleteNode(CNode* pnode)
3588  {
3589      assert(pnode);
3590      m_msgproc->FinalizeNode(*pnode);
3591      delete pnode;
3592  }
3593  
3594  CConnman::~CConnman()
3595  {
3596      Interrupt();
3597      Stop();
3598  }
3599  
3600  std::vector<CAddress> CConnman::GetAddresses(size_t max_addresses, size_t max_pct, std::optional<Network> network, const bool filtered) const
3601  {
3602      std::vector<CAddress> addresses = addrman.GetAddr(max_addresses, max_pct, network, filtered);
3603      if (m_banman) {
3604          addresses.erase(std::remove_if(addresses.begin(), addresses.end(),
3605                          [this](const CAddress& addr){return m_banman->IsDiscouraged(addr) || m_banman->IsBanned(addr);}),
3606                          addresses.end());
3607      }
3608      return addresses;
3609  }
3610  
3611  std::vector<CAddress> CConnman::GetAddresses(CNode& requestor, size_t max_addresses, size_t max_pct)
3612  {
3613      auto local_socket_bytes = requestor.addrBind.GetAddrBytes();
3614      uint64_t network_id = requestor.m_network_key;
3615      const auto current_time = GetTime<std::chrono::microseconds>();
3616      auto r = m_addr_response_caches.emplace(network_id, CachedAddrResponse{});
3617      CachedAddrResponse& cache_entry = r.first->second;
3618      if (cache_entry.m_cache_entry_expiration < current_time) { // If emplace() added new one it has expiration 0.
3619          cache_entry.m_addrs_response_cache = GetAddresses(max_addresses, max_pct, /*network=*/std::nullopt);
3620          // Choosing a proper cache lifetime is a trade-off between the privacy leak minimization
3621          // and the usefulness of ADDR responses to honest users.
3622          //
3623          // Longer cache lifetime makes it more difficult for an attacker to scrape
3624          // enough AddrMan data to maliciously infer something useful.
3625          // By the time an attacker scraped enough AddrMan records, most of
3626          // the records should be old enough to not leak topology info by
3627          // e.g. analyzing real-time changes in timestamps.
3628          //
3629          // It takes only several hundred requests to scrape everything from an AddrMan containing 100,000 nodes,
3630          // so ~24 hours of cache lifetime indeed makes the data less inferable by the time
3631          // most of it could be scraped (considering that timestamps are updated via
3632          // ADDR self-announcements and when nodes communicate).
3633          // We also should be robust to those attacks which may not require scraping *full* victim's AddrMan
3634          // (because even several timestamps of the same handful of nodes may leak privacy).
3635          //
3636          // On the other hand, longer cache lifetime makes ADDR responses
3637          // outdated and less useful for an honest requestor, e.g. if most nodes
3638          // in the ADDR response are no longer active.
3639          //
3640          // However, the churn in the network is known to be rather low. Since we consider
3641          // nodes to be "terrible" (see IsTerrible()) if the timestamps are older than 30 days,
3642          // max. 24 hours of "penalty" due to cache shouldn't make any meaningful difference
3643          // in terms of the freshness of the response.
3644          cache_entry.m_cache_entry_expiration = current_time +
3645              21h + FastRandomContext().randrange<std::chrono::microseconds>(6h);
3646      }
3647      return cache_entry.m_addrs_response_cache;
3648  }
3649  
3650  bool CConnman::AddNode(const AddedNodeParams& add)
3651  {
3652      const CService resolved{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(LookupNumeric(add.m_added_node, GetDefaultPort(add.m_added_node)))};
3653      const bool resolved_invalid{!resolved.IsValid()};
3654  
3655      LOCK(m_added_nodes_mutex);
3656      for (const auto& it : m_added_node_params) {
3657          if (add.m_added_node == it.m_added_node) return false;
3658          if (resolved_invalid) continue;
3659          const CService service{MaybeFlipIPv6toCJDNS(LookupNumeric(it.m_added_node, GetDefaultPort(it.m_added_node)))};
3660          if (resolved == service) return false;
3661          // Check if CJDNS address matches regardless of port to detect already-connected inbound peers.
3662          if (resolved.IsCJDNS() && static_cast<CNetAddr>(resolved) == static_cast<CNetAddr>(service)) return false;
3663      }
3664  
3665      m_added_node_params.push_back(add);
3666      return true;
3667  }
3668  
3669  bool CConnman::RemoveAddedNode(const std::string& strNode)
3670  {
3671      LOCK(m_added_nodes_mutex);
3672      for (auto it = m_added_node_params.begin(); it != m_added_node_params.end(); ++it) {
3673          if (strNode == it->m_added_node) {
3674              m_added_node_params.erase(it);
3675              return true;
3676          }
3677      }
3678      return false;
3679  }
3680  
3681  bool CConnman::AddedNodesContain(const CAddress& addr) const
3682  {
3683      AssertLockNotHeld(m_added_nodes_mutex);
3684      const std::string addr_str{addr.ToStringAddr()};
3685      const std::string addr_port_str{addr.ToStringAddrPort()};
3686      LOCK(m_added_nodes_mutex);
3687      return (m_added_node_params.size() < 24 // bound the query to a reasonable limit
3688              && std::any_of(m_added_node_params.cbegin(), m_added_node_params.cend(),
3689                             [&](const auto& p) { return p.m_added_node == addr_str || p.m_added_node == addr_port_str; }));
3690  }
3691  
3692  size_t CConnman::GetNodeCount(ConnectionDirection flags) const
3693  {
3694      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
3695      if (flags == ConnectionDirection::Both) // Shortcut if we want total
3696          return m_nodes.size();
3697  
3698      int nNum = 0;
3699      for (const auto& pnode : m_nodes) {
3700          if (flags & (pnode->IsInboundConn() ? ConnectionDirection::In : ConnectionDirection::Out)) {
3701              nNum++;
3702          }
3703      }
3704  
3705      return nNum;
3706  }
3707  
3708  
3709  std::map<CNetAddr, LocalServiceInfo> CConnman::getNetLocalAddresses() const
3710  {
3711      LOCK(g_maplocalhost_mutex);
3712      return mapLocalHost;
3713  }
3714  
3715  uint32_t CConnman::GetMappedAS(const CNetAddr& addr) const
3716  {
3717      return m_netgroupman.GetMappedAS(addr);
3718  }
3719  
3720  void CConnman::GetNodeStats(std::vector<CNodeStats>& vstats) const
3721  {
3722      vstats.clear();
3723      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
3724      vstats.reserve(m_nodes.size());
3725      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
3726          vstats.emplace_back();
3727          pnode->CopyStats(vstats.back());
3728          vstats.back().m_mapped_as = GetMappedAS(pnode->addr);
3729      }
3730  }
3731  
3732  bool CConnman::DisconnectNode(const std::string& strNode)
3733  {
3734      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
3735      if (CNode* pnode = FindNode(strNode)) {
3736          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "disconnect by address%s match, %s", (fLogIPs ? strprintf("=%s", strNode) : ""), pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
3737          pnode->fDisconnect = true;
3738          return true;
3739      }
3740      return false;
3741  }
3742  
3743  bool CConnman::DisconnectNode(const CSubNet& subnet)
3744  {
3745      bool disconnected = false;
3746      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
3747      for (CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
3748          if (subnet.Match(pnode->addr)) {
3749              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "disconnect by subnet%s match, %s", (fLogIPs ? strprintf("=%s", subnet.ToString()) : ""), pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
3750              pnode->fDisconnect = true;
3751              disconnected = true;
3752          }
3753      }
3754      return disconnected;
3755  }
3756  
3757  bool CConnman::DisconnectNode(const CNetAddr& addr)
3758  {
3759      return DisconnectNode(CSubNet(addr));
3760  }
3761  
3762  bool CConnman::DisconnectNode(NodeId id)
3763  {
3764      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
3765      for(CNode* pnode : m_nodes) {
3766          if (id == pnode->GetId()) {
3767              LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "disconnect by id, %s", pnode->DisconnectMsg(fLogIPs));
3768              pnode->fDisconnect = true;
3769              return true;
3770          }
3771      }
3772      return false;
3773  }
3774  
3775  void CConnman::RecordBytesRecv(uint64_t bytes)
3776  {
3777      nTotalBytesRecv += bytes;
3778  }
3779  
3780  void CConnman::RecordBytesSent(uint64_t bytes)
3781  {
3782      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3783      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3784  
3785      nTotalBytesSent += bytes;
3786  
3787      const auto now = GetTime<std::chrono::seconds>();
3788      if (nMaxOutboundCycleStartTime + MAX_UPLOAD_TIMEFRAME < now)
3789      {
3790          // timeframe expired, reset cycle
3791          nMaxOutboundCycleStartTime = now;
3792          nMaxOutboundTotalBytesSentInCycle = 0;
3793      }
3794  
3795      nMaxOutboundTotalBytesSentInCycle += bytes;
3796  }
3797  
3798  void CConnman::SetMaxOutboundTarget(uint64_t limit)
3799  {
3800      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3801      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3802      nMaxOutboundLimit = limit;
3803  }
3804  
3805  uint64_t CConnman::GetMaxOutboundTarget() const
3806  {
3807      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3808      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3809      return nMaxOutboundLimit;
3810  }
3811  
3812  std::chrono::seconds CConnman::GetMaxOutboundTimeframe() const
3813  {
3814      return MAX_UPLOAD_TIMEFRAME;
3815  }
3816  
3817  std::chrono::seconds CConnman::GetMaxOutboundTimeLeftInCycle() const
3818  {
3819      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3820      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3821      return GetMaxOutboundTimeLeftInCycle_();
3822  }
3823  
3824  std::chrono::seconds CConnman::GetMaxOutboundTimeLeftInCycle_() const
3825  {
3826      AssertLockHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3827  
3828      if (nMaxOutboundLimit == 0)
3829          return 0s;
3830  
3831      if (nMaxOutboundCycleStartTime.count() == 0)
3832          return MAX_UPLOAD_TIMEFRAME;
3833  
3834      const std::chrono::seconds cycleEndTime = nMaxOutboundCycleStartTime + MAX_UPLOAD_TIMEFRAME;
3835      const auto now = GetTime<std::chrono::seconds>();
3836      return (cycleEndTime < now) ? 0s : cycleEndTime - now;
3837  }
3838  
3839  bool CConnman::OutboundTargetReached(bool historicalBlockServingLimit) const
3840  {
3841      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3842      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3843      if (nMaxOutboundLimit == 0)
3844          return false;
3845  
3846      if (historicalBlockServingLimit)
3847      {
3848          // keep a large enough buffer to at least relay each block once
3849          const std::chrono::seconds timeLeftInCycle = GetMaxOutboundTimeLeftInCycle_();
3850          const uint64_t buffer = timeLeftInCycle / std::chrono::minutes{10} * MAX_BLOCK_SERIALIZED_SIZE;
3851          if (buffer >= nMaxOutboundLimit || nMaxOutboundTotalBytesSentInCycle >= nMaxOutboundLimit - buffer)
3852              return true;
3853      }
3854      else if (nMaxOutboundTotalBytesSentInCycle >= nMaxOutboundLimit)
3855          return true;
3856  
3857      return false;
3858  }
3859  
3860  uint64_t CConnman::GetOutboundTargetBytesLeft() const
3861  {
3862      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3863      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3864      if (nMaxOutboundLimit == 0)
3865          return 0;
3866  
3867      return (nMaxOutboundTotalBytesSentInCycle >= nMaxOutboundLimit) ? 0 : nMaxOutboundLimit - nMaxOutboundTotalBytesSentInCycle;
3868  }
3869  
3870  uint64_t CConnman::GetTotalBytesRecv() const
3871  {
3872      return nTotalBytesRecv;
3873  }
3874  
3875  uint64_t CConnman::GetTotalBytesSent() const
3876  {
3877      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3878      LOCK(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3879      return nTotalBytesSent;
3880  }
3881  
3882  ServiceFlags CConnman::GetLocalServices() const
3883  {
3884      return m_local_services;
3885  }
3886  
3887  static std::unique_ptr<Transport> MakeTransport(NodeId id, bool use_v2transport, bool inbound) noexcept
3888  {
3889      if (use_v2transport) {
3890          return std::make_unique<V2Transport>(id, /*initiating=*/!inbound);
3891      } else {
3892          return std::make_unique<V1Transport>(id);
3893      }
3894  }
3895  
3896  CNode::CNode(NodeId idIn,
3897               std::shared_ptr<Sock> sock,
3898               const CAddress& addrIn,
3899               uint64_t nKeyedNetGroupIn,
3900               uint64_t nLocalHostNonceIn,
3901               const CService& addrBindIn,
3902               const std::string& addrNameIn,
3903               ConnectionType conn_type_in,
3904               bool inbound_onion,
3905               uint64_t network_key,
3906               CNodeOptions&& node_opts)
3907      : m_transport{MakeTransport(idIn, node_opts.use_v2transport, conn_type_in == ConnectionType::INBOUND)},
3908        m_permission_flags{node_opts.permission_flags},
3909        m_sock{sock},
3910        m_connected{GetTime<std::chrono::seconds>()},
3911        addr{addrIn},
3912        addrBind{addrBindIn},
3913        m_addr_name{addrNameIn.empty() ? addr.ToStringAddrPort() : addrNameIn},
3914        m_dest(addrNameIn),
3915        m_inbound_onion{inbound_onion},
3916        m_prefer_evict{node_opts.prefer_evict},
3917        m_forced_inbound{node_opts.forced_inbound},
3918        nKeyedNetGroup{nKeyedNetGroupIn},
3919        m_network_key{network_key},
3920        m_conn_type{conn_type_in},
3921        id{idIn},
3922        nLocalHostNonce{nLocalHostNonceIn},
3923        m_recv_flood_size{node_opts.recv_flood_size},
3924        m_i2p_sam_session{std::move(node_opts.i2p_sam_session)}
3925  {
3926      if (inbound_onion) assert(conn_type_in == ConnectionType::INBOUND);
3927  
3928      for (const auto& msg : ALL_NET_MESSAGE_TYPES) {
3929          mapRecvBytesPerMsgType[msg] = 0;
3930      }
3931      mapRecvBytesPerMsgType[NET_MESSAGE_TYPE_OTHER] = 0;
3932  
3933      if (fLogIPs) {
3934          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Added connection to %s peer=%d\n", m_addr_name, id);
3935      } else {
3936          LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "Added connection peer=%d\n", id);
3937      }
3938  }
3939  
3940  void CNode::MarkReceivedMsgsForProcessing()
3941  {
3942      AssertLockNotHeld(m_msg_process_queue_mutex);
3943  
3944      size_t nSizeAdded = 0;
3945      for (const auto& msg : vRecvMsg) {
3946          // vRecvMsg contains only completed CNetMessage
3947          // the single possible partially deserialized message are held by TransportDeserializer
3948          nSizeAdded += msg.GetMemoryUsage();
3949      }
3950  
3951      LOCK(m_msg_process_queue_mutex);
3952      m_msg_process_queue.splice(m_msg_process_queue.end(), vRecvMsg);
3953      m_msg_process_queue_size += nSizeAdded;
3954      fPauseRecv = m_msg_process_queue_size > m_recv_flood_size;
3955  }
3956  
3957  std::optional<std::pair<CNetMessage, bool>> CNode::PollMessage()
3958  {
3959      LOCK(m_msg_process_queue_mutex);
3960      if (m_msg_process_queue.empty()) return std::nullopt;
3961  
3962      std::list<CNetMessage> msgs;
3963      // Just take one message
3964      msgs.splice(msgs.begin(), m_msg_process_queue, m_msg_process_queue.begin());
3965      m_msg_process_queue_size -= msgs.front().GetMemoryUsage();
3966      fPauseRecv = m_msg_process_queue_size > m_recv_flood_size;
3967  
3968      return std::make_pair(std::move(msgs.front()), !m_msg_process_queue.empty());
3969  }
3970  
3971  bool CConnman::NodeFullyConnected(const CNode* pnode)
3972  {
3973      return pnode && pnode->fSuccessfullyConnected && !pnode->fDisconnect;
3974  }
3975  
3976  void CConnman::PushMessage(CNode* pnode, CSerializedNetMsg&& msg)
3977  {
3978      AssertLockNotHeld(m_total_bytes_sent_mutex);
3979      size_t nMessageSize = msg.data.size();
3980      LogDebug(BCLog::NET, "sending %s (%d bytes) peer=%d\n", msg.m_type, nMessageSize, pnode->GetId());
3981      if (m_capture_messages) {
3982          CaptureMessage(pnode->addr, msg.m_type, msg.data, /*is_incoming=*/false);
3983      }
3984  
3985      TRACEPOINT(net, outbound_message,
3986          pnode->GetId(),
3987          pnode->m_addr_name.c_str(),
3988          pnode->ConnectionTypeAsString().c_str(),
3989          msg.m_type.c_str(),
3990          msg.data.size(),
3991          msg.data.data()
3992      );
3993  
3994      size_t nBytesSent = 0;
3995      {
3996          LOCK(pnode->cs_vSend);
3997          // Check if the transport still has unsent bytes, and indicate to it that we're about to
3998          // give it a message to send.
3999          const auto& [to_send, more, _msg_type] =
4000              pnode->m_transport->GetBytesToSend(/*have_next_message=*/true);
4001          const bool queue_was_empty{to_send.empty() && pnode->vSendMsg.empty()};
4002  
4003          // Update memory usage of send buffer.
4004          pnode->m_send_memusage += msg.GetMemoryUsage();
4005          if (pnode->m_send_memusage + pnode->m_transport->GetSendMemoryUsage() > nSendBufferMaxSize) pnode->fPauseSend = true;
4006          // Move message to vSendMsg queue.
4007          pnode->vSendMsg.push_back(std::move(msg));
4008  
4009          // If there was nothing to send before, and there is now (predicted by the "more" value
4010          // returned by the GetBytesToSend call above), attempt "optimistic write":
4011          // because the poll/select loop may pause for SELECT_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS before actually
4012          // doing a send, try sending from the calling thread if the queue was empty before.
4013          // With a V1Transport, more will always be true here, because adding a message always
4014          // results in sendable bytes there, but with V2Transport this is not the case (it may
4015          // still be in the handshake).
4016          if (queue_was_empty && more) {
4017              std::tie(nBytesSent, std::ignore) = SocketSendData(*pnode);
4018          }
4019      }
4020      if (nBytesSent) RecordBytesSent(nBytesSent);
4021  }
4022  
4023  bool CConnman::ForNode(NodeId id, std::function<bool(CNode* pnode)> func)
4024  {
4025      CNode* found = nullptr;
4026      LOCK(m_nodes_mutex);
4027      for (auto&& pnode : m_nodes) {
4028          if(pnode->GetId() == id) {
4029              found = pnode;
4030              break;
4031          }
4032      }
4033      return found != nullptr && NodeFullyConnected(found) && func(found);
4034  }
4035  
4036  CSipHasher CConnman::GetDeterministicRandomizer(uint64_t id) const
4037  {
4038      return CSipHasher(nSeed0, nSeed1).Write(id);
4039  }
4040  
4041  uint64_t CConnman::CalculateKeyedNetGroup(const CNetAddr& address) const
4042  {
4043      std::vector<unsigned char> vchNetGroup(m_netgroupman.GetGroup(address));
4044  
4045      return GetDeterministicRandomizer(RANDOMIZER_ID_NETGROUP).Write(vchNetGroup).Finalize();
4046  }
4047  
4048  void CConnman::PerformReconnections()
4049  {
4050      AssertLockNotHeld(m_reconnections_mutex);
4051      AssertLockNotHeld(m_unused_i2p_sessions_mutex);
4052      while (true) {
4053          // Move first element of m_reconnections to todo (avoiding an allocation inside the lock).
4054          decltype(m_reconnections) todo;
4055          {
4056              LOCK(m_reconnections_mutex);
4057              if (m_reconnections.empty()) break;
4058              todo.splice(todo.end(), m_reconnections, m_reconnections.begin());
4059          }
4060  
4061          auto& item = *todo.begin();
4062          OpenNetworkConnection(item.addr_connect,
4063                                // We only reconnect if the first attempt to connect succeeded at
4064                                // connection time, but then failed after the CNode object was
4065                                // created. Since we already know connecting is possible, do not
4066                                // count failure to reconnect.
4067                                /*fCountFailure=*/false,
4068                                std::move(item.grant),
4069                                item.destination.empty() ? nullptr : item.destination.c_str(),
4070                                item.conn_type,
4071                                item.use_v2transport);
4072      }
4073  }
4074  
4075  void CConnman::ASMapHealthCheck()
4076  {
4077      const std::vector<CAddress> v4_addrs{GetAddresses(/*max_addresses=*/ 0, /*max_pct=*/ 0, Network::NET_IPV4, /*filtered=*/ false)};
4078      const std::vector<CAddress> v6_addrs{GetAddresses(/*max_addresses=*/ 0, /*max_pct=*/ 0, Network::NET_IPV6, /*filtered=*/ false)};
4079      std::vector<CNetAddr> clearnet_addrs;
4080      clearnet_addrs.reserve(v4_addrs.size() + v6_addrs.size());
4081      std::transform(v4_addrs.begin(), v4_addrs.end(), std::back_inserter(clearnet_addrs),
4082          [](const CAddress& addr) { return static_cast<CNetAddr>(addr); });
4083      std::transform(v6_addrs.begin(), v6_addrs.end(), std::back_inserter(clearnet_addrs),
4084          [](const CAddress& addr) { return static_cast<CNetAddr>(addr); });
4085      m_netgroupman.ASMapHealthCheck(clearnet_addrs);
4086  }
4087  
4088  // Dump binary message to file, with timestamp.
4089  static void CaptureMessageToFile(const CAddress& addr,
4090                                   const std::string& msg_type,
4091                                   Span<const unsigned char> data,
4092                                   bool is_incoming)
4093  {
4094      // Note: This function captures the message at the time of processing,
4095      // not at socket receive/send time.
4096      // This ensures that the messages are always in order from an application
4097      // layer (processing) perspective.
4098      auto now = GetTime<std::chrono::microseconds>();
4099  
4100      // Windows folder names cannot include a colon
4101      std::string clean_addr = addr.ToStringAddrPort();
4102      std::replace(clean_addr.begin(), clean_addr.end(), ':', '_');
4103  
4104      fs::path base_path = gArgs.GetDataDirNet() / "message_capture" / fs::u8path(clean_addr);
4105      fs::create_directories(base_path);
4106  
4107      fs::path path = base_path / (is_incoming ? "msgs_recv.dat" : "msgs_sent.dat");
4108      AutoFile f{fsbridge::fopen(path, "ab")};
4109  
4110      ser_writedata64(f, now.count());
4111      f << Span{msg_type};
4112      for (auto i = msg_type.length(); i < CMessageHeader::MESSAGE_TYPE_SIZE; ++i) {
4113          f << uint8_t{'\0'};
4114      }
4115      uint32_t size = data.size();
4116      ser_writedata32(f, size);
4117      f << data;
4118  
4119      if (f.fclose() != 0) {
4120          throw std::ios_base::failure(
4121              strprintf("Error closing %s after write, file contents are likely incomplete", fs::PathToString(path)));
4122      }
4123  }
4124  
4125  std::function<void(const CAddress& addr,
4126                     const std::string& msg_type,
4127                     Span<const unsigned char> data,
4128                     bool is_incoming)>
4129      CaptureMessage = CaptureMessageToFile;
4130