mapstructure.go raw

   1  // Package mapstructure exposes functionality to convert one arbitrary
   2  // Go type into another, typically to convert a map[string]any
   3  // into a native Go structure.
   4  //
   5  // The Go structure can be arbitrarily complex, containing slices,
   6  // other structs, etc. and the decoder will properly decode nested
   7  // maps and so on into the proper structures in the native Go struct.
   8  // See the examples to see what the decoder is capable of.
   9  //
  10  // The simplest function to start with is Decode.
  11  //
  12  // # Field Tags
  13  //
  14  // When decoding to a struct, mapstructure will use the field name by
  15  // default to perform the mapping. For example, if a struct has a field
  16  // "Username" then mapstructure will look for a key in the source value
  17  // of "username" (case insensitive).
  18  //
  19  //	type User struct {
  20  //	    Username string
  21  //	}
  22  //
  23  // You can change the behavior of mapstructure by using struct tags.
  24  // The default struct tag that mapstructure looks for is "mapstructure"
  25  // but you can customize it using DecoderConfig.
  26  //
  27  // # Renaming Fields
  28  //
  29  // To rename the key that mapstructure looks for, use the "mapstructure"
  30  // tag and set a value directly. For example, to change the "username" example
  31  // above to "user":
  32  //
  33  //	type User struct {
  34  //	    Username string `mapstructure:"user"`
  35  //	}
  36  //
  37  // # Embedded Structs and Squashing
  38  //
  39  // Embedded structs are treated as if they're another field with that name.
  40  // By default, the two structs below are equivalent when decoding with
  41  // mapstructure:
  42  //
  43  //	type Person struct {
  44  //	    Name string
  45  //	}
  46  //
  47  //	type Friend struct {
  48  //	    Person
  49  //	}
  50  //
  51  //	type Friend struct {
  52  //	    Person Person
  53  //	}
  54  //
  55  // This would require an input that looks like below:
  56  //
  57  //	map[string]any{
  58  //	    "person": map[string]any{"name": "alice"},
  59  //	}
  60  //
  61  // If your "person" value is NOT nested, then you can append ",squash" to
  62  // your tag value and mapstructure will treat it as if the embedded struct
  63  // were part of the struct directly. Example:
  64  //
  65  //	type Friend struct {
  66  //	    Person `mapstructure:",squash"`
  67  //	}
  68  //
  69  // Now the following input would be accepted:
  70  //
  71  //	map[string]any{
  72  //	    "name": "alice",
  73  //	}
  74  //
  75  // When decoding from a struct to a map, the squash tag squashes the struct
  76  // fields into a single map. Using the example structs from above:
  77  //
  78  //	Friend{Person: Person{Name: "alice"}}
  79  //
  80  // Will be decoded into a map:
  81  //
  82  //	map[string]any{
  83  //	    "name": "alice",
  84  //	}
  85  //
  86  // DecoderConfig has a field that changes the behavior of mapstructure
  87  // to always squash embedded structs.
  88  //
  89  // # Remainder Values
  90  //
  91  // If there are any unmapped keys in the source value, mapstructure by
  92  // default will silently ignore them. You can error by setting ErrorUnused
  93  // in DecoderConfig. If you're using Metadata you can also maintain a slice
  94  // of the unused keys.
  95  //
  96  // You can also use the ",remain" suffix on your tag to collect all unused
  97  // values in a map. The field with this tag MUST be a map type and should
  98  // probably be a "map[string]any" or "map[any]any".
  99  // See example below:
 100  //
 101  //	type Friend struct {
 102  //	    Name  string
 103  //	    Other map[string]any `mapstructure:",remain"`
 104  //	}
 105  //
 106  // Given the input below, Other would be populated with the other
 107  // values that weren't used (everything but "name"):
 108  //
 109  //	map[string]any{
 110  //	    "name":    "bob",
 111  //	    "address": "123 Maple St.",
 112  //	}
 113  //
 114  // # Omit Empty Values
 115  //
 116  // When decoding from a struct to any other value, you may use the
 117  // ",omitempty" suffix on your tag to omit that value if it equates to
 118  // the zero value, or a zero-length element. The zero value of all types is
 119  // specified in the Go specification.
 120  //
 121  // For example, the zero type of a numeric type is zero ("0"). If the struct
 122  // field value is zero and a numeric type, the field is empty, and it won't
 123  // be encoded into the destination type. And likewise for the URLs field, if the
 124  // slice is nil or empty, it won't be encoded into the destination type.
 125  //
 126  //	type Source struct {
 127  //	    Age  int      `mapstructure:",omitempty"`
 128  //	    URLs []string `mapstructure:",omitempty"`
 129  //	}
 130  //
 131  // # Omit Zero Values
 132  //
 133  // When decoding from a struct to any other value, you may use the
 134  // ",omitzero" suffix on your tag to omit that value if it equates to the zero
 135  // value. The zero value of all types is specified in the Go specification.
 136  //
 137  // For example, the zero type of a numeric type is zero ("0"). If the struct
 138  // field value is zero and a numeric type, the field is empty, and it won't
 139  // be encoded into the destination type. And likewise for the URLs field, if the
 140  // slice is nil, it won't be encoded into the destination type.
 141  //
 142  // Note that if the field is a slice, and it is empty but not nil, it will
 143  // still be encoded into the destination type.
 144  //
 145  //	type Source struct {
 146  //	    Age  int      `mapstructure:",omitzero"`
 147  //	    URLs []string `mapstructure:",omitzero"`
 148  //	}
 149  //
 150  // # Unexported fields
 151  //
 152  // Since unexported (private) struct fields cannot be set outside the package
 153  // where they are defined, the decoder will simply skip them.
 154  //
 155  // For this output type definition:
 156  //
 157  //	type Exported struct {
 158  //	    private string // this unexported field will be skipped
 159  //	    Public string
 160  //	}
 161  //
 162  // Using this map as input:
 163  //
 164  //	map[string]any{
 165  //	    "private": "I will be ignored",
 166  //	    "Public":  "I made it through!",
 167  //	}
 168  //
 169  // The following struct will be decoded:
 170  //
 171  //	type Exported struct {
 172  //	    private: "" // field is left with an empty string (zero value)
 173  //	    Public: "I made it through!"
 174  //	}
 175  //
 176  // # Other Configuration
 177  //
 178  // mapstructure is highly configurable. See the DecoderConfig struct
 179  // for other features and options that are supported.
 180  package mapstructure
 181  
 182  import (
 183  	"encoding/json"
 184  	"fmt"
 185  	"reflect"
 186  	"sort"
 187  	"strconv"
 188  	"strings"
 189  
 190  	"github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2/internal/errors"
 191  )
 192  
 193  // DecodeHookFunc is the callback function that can be used for
 194  // data transformations. See "DecodeHook" in the DecoderConfig
 195  // struct.
 196  //
 197  // The type must be one of DecodeHookFuncType, DecodeHookFuncKind, or
 198  // DecodeHookFuncValue.
 199  // Values are a superset of Types (Values can return types), and Types are a
 200  // superset of Kinds (Types can return Kinds) and are generally a richer thing
 201  // to use, but Kinds are simpler if you only need those.
 202  //
 203  // The reason DecodeHookFunc is multi-typed is for backwards compatibility:
 204  // we started with Kinds and then realized Types were the better solution,
 205  // but have a promise to not break backwards compat so we now support
 206  // both.
 207  type DecodeHookFunc any
 208  
 209  // DecodeHookFuncType is a DecodeHookFunc which has complete information about
 210  // the source and target types.
 211  type DecodeHookFuncType func(reflect.Type, reflect.Type, any) (any, error)
 212  
 213  // DecodeHookFuncKind is a DecodeHookFunc which knows only the Kinds of the
 214  // source and target types.
 215  type DecodeHookFuncKind func(reflect.Kind, reflect.Kind, any) (any, error)
 216  
 217  // DecodeHookFuncValue is a DecodeHookFunc which has complete access to both the source and target
 218  // values.
 219  type DecodeHookFuncValue func(from reflect.Value, to reflect.Value) (any, error)
 220  
 221  // DecoderConfig is the configuration that is used to create a new decoder
 222  // and allows customization of various aspects of decoding.
 223  type DecoderConfig struct {
 224  	// DecodeHook, if set, will be called before any decoding and any
 225  	// type conversion (if WeaklyTypedInput is on). This lets you modify
 226  	// the values before they're set down onto the resulting struct. The
 227  	// DecodeHook is called for every map and value in the input. This means
 228  	// that if a struct has embedded fields with squash tags the decode hook
 229  	// is called only once with all of the input data, not once for each
 230  	// embedded struct.
 231  	//
 232  	// If an error is returned, the entire decode will fail with that error.
 233  	DecodeHook DecodeHookFunc
 234  
 235  	// If ErrorUnused is true, then it is an error for there to exist
 236  	// keys in the original map that were unused in the decoding process
 237  	// (extra keys).
 238  	ErrorUnused bool
 239  
 240  	// If ErrorUnset is true, then it is an error for there to exist
 241  	// fields in the result that were not set in the decoding process
 242  	// (extra fields). This only applies to decoding to a struct. This
 243  	// will affect all nested structs as well.
 244  	ErrorUnset bool
 245  
 246  	// AllowUnsetPointer, if set to true, will prevent fields with pointer types
 247  	// from being reported as unset, even if ErrorUnset is true and the field was
 248  	// not present in the input data. This allows pointer fields to be optional
 249  	// without triggering an error when they are missing.
 250  	AllowUnsetPointer bool
 251  
 252  	// ZeroFields, if set to true, will zero fields before writing them.
 253  	// For example, a map will be emptied before decoded values are put in
 254  	// it. If this is false, a map will be merged.
 255  	ZeroFields bool
 256  
 257  	// If WeaklyTypedInput is true, the decoder will make the following
 258  	// "weak" conversions:
 259  	//
 260  	//   - bools to string (true = "1", false = "0")
 261  	//   - numbers to string (base 10)
 262  	//   - bools to int/uint (true = 1, false = 0)
 263  	//   - strings to int/uint (base implied by prefix)
 264  	//   - int to bool (true if value != 0)
 265  	//   - string to bool (accepts: 1, t, T, TRUE, true, True, 0, f, F,
 266  	//     FALSE, false, False. Anything else is an error)
 267  	//   - empty array = empty map and vice versa
 268  	//   - negative numbers to overflowed uint values (base 10)
 269  	//   - slice of maps to a merged map
 270  	//   - single values are converted to slices if required. Each
 271  	//     element is weakly decoded. For example: "4" can become []int{4}
 272  	//     if the target type is an int slice.
 273  	//
 274  	WeaklyTypedInput bool
 275  
 276  	// Squash will squash embedded structs.  A squash tag may also be
 277  	// added to an individual struct field using a tag.  For example:
 278  	//
 279  	//  type Parent struct {
 280  	//      Child `mapstructure:",squash"`
 281  	//  }
 282  	Squash bool
 283  
 284  	// Metadata is the struct that will contain extra metadata about
 285  	// the decoding. If this is nil, then no metadata will be tracked.
 286  	Metadata *Metadata
 287  
 288  	// Result is a pointer to the struct that will contain the decoded
 289  	// value.
 290  	Result any
 291  
 292  	// The tag name that mapstructure reads for field names. This
 293  	// defaults to "mapstructure"
 294  	TagName string
 295  
 296  	// The option of the value in the tag that indicates a field should
 297  	// be squashed. This defaults to "squash".
 298  	SquashTagOption string
 299  
 300  	// IgnoreUntaggedFields ignores all struct fields without explicit
 301  	// TagName, comparable to `mapstructure:"-"` as default behaviour.
 302  	IgnoreUntaggedFields bool
 303  
 304  	// MatchName is the function used to match the map key to the struct
 305  	// field name or tag. Defaults to `strings.EqualFold`. This can be used
 306  	// to implement case-sensitive tag values, support snake casing, etc.
 307  	MatchName func(mapKey, fieldName string) bool
 308  
 309  	// DecodeNil, if set to true, will cause the DecodeHook (if present) to run
 310  	// even if the input is nil. This can be used to provide default values.
 311  	DecodeNil bool
 312  }
 313  
 314  // A Decoder takes a raw interface value and turns it into structured
 315  // data, keeping track of rich error information along the way in case
 316  // anything goes wrong. Unlike the basic top-level Decode method, you can
 317  // more finely control how the Decoder behaves using the DecoderConfig
 318  // structure. The top-level Decode method is just a convenience that sets
 319  // up the most basic Decoder.
 320  type Decoder struct {
 321  	config           *DecoderConfig
 322  	cachedDecodeHook func(from reflect.Value, to reflect.Value) (any, error)
 323  }
 324  
 325  // Metadata contains information about decoding a structure that
 326  // is tedious or difficult to get otherwise.
 327  type Metadata struct {
 328  	// Keys are the keys of the structure which were successfully decoded
 329  	Keys []string
 330  
 331  	// Unused is a slice of keys that were found in the raw value but
 332  	// weren't decoded since there was no matching field in the result interface
 333  	Unused []string
 334  
 335  	// Unset is a slice of field names that were found in the result interface
 336  	// but weren't set in the decoding process since there was no matching value
 337  	// in the input
 338  	Unset []string
 339  }
 340  
 341  // Decode takes an input structure and uses reflection to translate it to
 342  // the output structure. output must be a pointer to a map or struct.
 343  func Decode(input any, output any) error {
 344  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 345  		Metadata: nil,
 346  		Result:   output,
 347  	}
 348  
 349  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 350  	if err != nil {
 351  		return err
 352  	}
 353  
 354  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 355  }
 356  
 357  // WeakDecode is the same as Decode but is shorthand to enable
 358  // WeaklyTypedInput. See DecoderConfig for more info.
 359  func WeakDecode(input, output any) error {
 360  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 361  		Metadata:         nil,
 362  		Result:           output,
 363  		WeaklyTypedInput: true,
 364  	}
 365  
 366  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 367  	if err != nil {
 368  		return err
 369  	}
 370  
 371  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 372  }
 373  
 374  // DecodeMetadata is the same as Decode, but is shorthand to
 375  // enable metadata collection. See DecoderConfig for more info.
 376  func DecodeMetadata(input any, output any, metadata *Metadata) error {
 377  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 378  		Metadata: metadata,
 379  		Result:   output,
 380  	}
 381  
 382  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 383  	if err != nil {
 384  		return err
 385  	}
 386  
 387  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 388  }
 389  
 390  // WeakDecodeMetadata is the same as Decode, but is shorthand to
 391  // enable both WeaklyTypedInput and metadata collection. See
 392  // DecoderConfig for more info.
 393  func WeakDecodeMetadata(input any, output any, metadata *Metadata) error {
 394  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 395  		Metadata:         metadata,
 396  		Result:           output,
 397  		WeaklyTypedInput: true,
 398  	}
 399  
 400  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 401  	if err != nil {
 402  		return err
 403  	}
 404  
 405  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 406  }
 407  
 408  // NewDecoder returns a new decoder for the given configuration. Once
 409  // a decoder has been returned, the same configuration must not be used
 410  // again.
 411  func NewDecoder(config *DecoderConfig) (*Decoder, error) {
 412  	val := reflect.ValueOf(config.Result)
 413  	if val.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
 414  		return nil, errors.New("result must be a pointer")
 415  	}
 416  
 417  	val = val.Elem()
 418  	if !val.CanAddr() {
 419  		return nil, errors.New("result must be addressable (a pointer)")
 420  	}
 421  
 422  	if config.Metadata != nil {
 423  		if config.Metadata.Keys == nil {
 424  			config.Metadata.Keys = make([]string, 0)
 425  		}
 426  
 427  		if config.Metadata.Unused == nil {
 428  			config.Metadata.Unused = make([]string, 0)
 429  		}
 430  
 431  		if config.Metadata.Unset == nil {
 432  			config.Metadata.Unset = make([]string, 0)
 433  		}
 434  	}
 435  
 436  	if config.TagName == "" {
 437  		config.TagName = "mapstructure"
 438  	}
 439  
 440  	if config.SquashTagOption == "" {
 441  		config.SquashTagOption = "squash"
 442  	}
 443  
 444  	if config.MatchName == nil {
 445  		config.MatchName = strings.EqualFold
 446  	}
 447  
 448  	result := &Decoder{
 449  		config: config,
 450  	}
 451  	if config.DecodeHook != nil {
 452  		result.cachedDecodeHook = cachedDecodeHook(config.DecodeHook)
 453  	}
 454  
 455  	return result, nil
 456  }
 457  
 458  // Decode decodes the given raw interface to the target pointer specified
 459  // by the configuration.
 460  func (d *Decoder) Decode(input any) error {
 461  	err := d.decode("", input, reflect.ValueOf(d.config.Result).Elem())
 462  
 463  	// Retain some of the original behavior when multiple errors ocurr
 464  	var joinedErr interface{ Unwrap() []error }
 465  	if errors.As(err, &joinedErr) {
 466  		return fmt.Errorf("decoding failed due to the following error(s):\n\n%w", err)
 467  	}
 468  
 469  	return err
 470  }
 471  
 472  // isNil returns true if the input is nil or a typed nil pointer.
 473  func isNil(input any) bool {
 474  	if input == nil {
 475  		return true
 476  	}
 477  	val := reflect.ValueOf(input)
 478  	return val.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && val.IsNil()
 479  }
 480  
 481  // Decodes an unknown data type into a specific reflection value.
 482  func (d *Decoder) decode(name string, input any, outVal reflect.Value) error {
 483  	var (
 484  		inputVal   = reflect.ValueOf(input)
 485  		outputKind = getKind(outVal)
 486  		decodeNil  = d.config.DecodeNil && d.cachedDecodeHook != nil
 487  	)
 488  	if isNil(input) {
 489  		// Typed nils won't match the "input == nil" below, so reset input.
 490  		input = nil
 491  	}
 492  	if input == nil {
 493  		// If the data is nil, then we don't set anything, unless ZeroFields is set
 494  		// to true.
 495  		if d.config.ZeroFields {
 496  			outVal.Set(reflect.Zero(outVal.Type()))
 497  
 498  			if d.config.Metadata != nil && name != "" {
 499  				d.config.Metadata.Keys = append(d.config.Metadata.Keys, name)
 500  			}
 501  		}
 502  		if !decodeNil {
 503  			return nil
 504  		}
 505  	}
 506  	if !inputVal.IsValid() {
 507  		if !decodeNil {
 508  			// If the input value is invalid, then we just set the value
 509  			// to be the zero value.
 510  			outVal.Set(reflect.Zero(outVal.Type()))
 511  			if d.config.Metadata != nil && name != "" {
 512  				d.config.Metadata.Keys = append(d.config.Metadata.Keys, name)
 513  			}
 514  			return nil
 515  		}
 516  		// Hooks need a valid inputVal, so reset it to zero value of outVal type.
 517  		switch outputKind {
 518  		case reflect.Struct, reflect.Map:
 519  			var mapVal map[string]any
 520  			inputVal = reflect.ValueOf(mapVal) // create nil map pointer
 521  		case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
 522  			var sliceVal []any
 523  			inputVal = reflect.ValueOf(sliceVal) // create nil slice pointer
 524  		default:
 525  			inputVal = reflect.Zero(outVal.Type())
 526  		}
 527  	}
 528  
 529  	if d.cachedDecodeHook != nil {
 530  		// We have a DecodeHook, so let's pre-process the input.
 531  		var err error
 532  		input, err = d.cachedDecodeHook(inputVal, outVal)
 533  		if err != nil {
 534  			return newDecodeError(name, err)
 535  		}
 536  	}
 537  	if isNil(input) {
 538  		return nil
 539  	}
 540  
 541  	var err error
 542  	addMetaKey := true
 543  	switch outputKind {
 544  	case reflect.Bool:
 545  		err = d.decodeBool(name, input, outVal)
 546  	case reflect.Interface:
 547  		err = d.decodeBasic(name, input, outVal)
 548  	case reflect.String:
 549  		err = d.decodeString(name, input, outVal)
 550  	case reflect.Int:
 551  		err = d.decodeInt(name, input, outVal)
 552  	case reflect.Uint:
 553  		err = d.decodeUint(name, input, outVal)
 554  	case reflect.Float32:
 555  		err = d.decodeFloat(name, input, outVal)
 556  	case reflect.Complex64:
 557  		err = d.decodeComplex(name, input, outVal)
 558  	case reflect.Struct:
 559  		err = d.decodeStruct(name, input, outVal)
 560  	case reflect.Map:
 561  		err = d.decodeMap(name, input, outVal)
 562  	case reflect.Ptr:
 563  		addMetaKey, err = d.decodePtr(name, input, outVal)
 564  	case reflect.Slice:
 565  		err = d.decodeSlice(name, input, outVal)
 566  	case reflect.Array:
 567  		err = d.decodeArray(name, input, outVal)
 568  	case reflect.Func:
 569  		err = d.decodeFunc(name, input, outVal)
 570  	default:
 571  		// If we reached this point then we weren't able to decode it
 572  		return newDecodeError(name, fmt.Errorf("unsupported type: %s", outputKind))
 573  	}
 574  
 575  	// If we reached here, then we successfully decoded SOMETHING, so
 576  	// mark the key as used if we're tracking metainput.
 577  	if addMetaKey && d.config.Metadata != nil && name != "" {
 578  		d.config.Metadata.Keys = append(d.config.Metadata.Keys, name)
 579  	}
 580  
 581  	return err
 582  }
 583  
 584  // This decodes a basic type (bool, int, string, etc.) and sets the
 585  // value to "data" of that type.
 586  func (d *Decoder) decodeBasic(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 587  	if val.IsValid() && val.Elem().IsValid() {
 588  		elem := val.Elem()
 589  
 590  		// If we can't address this element, then its not writable. Instead,
 591  		// we make a copy of the value (which is a pointer and therefore
 592  		// writable), decode into that, and replace the whole value.
 593  		copied := false
 594  		if !elem.CanAddr() {
 595  			copied = true
 596  
 597  			// Make *T
 598  			copy := reflect.New(elem.Type())
 599  
 600  			// *T = elem
 601  			copy.Elem().Set(elem)
 602  
 603  			// Set elem so we decode into it
 604  			elem = copy
 605  		}
 606  
 607  		// Decode. If we have an error then return. We also return right
 608  		// away if we're not a copy because that means we decoded directly.
 609  		if err := d.decode(name, data, elem); err != nil || !copied {
 610  			return err
 611  		}
 612  
 613  		// If we're a copy, we need to set te final result
 614  		val.Set(elem.Elem())
 615  		return nil
 616  	}
 617  
 618  	dataVal := reflect.ValueOf(data)
 619  
 620  	// If the input data is a pointer, and the assigned type is the dereference
 621  	// of that exact pointer, then indirect it so that we can assign it.
 622  	// Example: *string to string
 623  	if dataVal.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && dataVal.Type().Elem() == val.Type() {
 624  		dataVal = reflect.Indirect(dataVal)
 625  	}
 626  
 627  	if !dataVal.IsValid() {
 628  		dataVal = reflect.Zero(val.Type())
 629  	}
 630  
 631  	dataValType := dataVal.Type()
 632  	if !dataValType.AssignableTo(val.Type()) {
 633  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 634  			Expected: val,
 635  			Value:    data,
 636  		})
 637  	}
 638  
 639  	val.Set(dataVal)
 640  	return nil
 641  }
 642  
 643  func (d *Decoder) decodeString(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 644  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 645  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 646  
 647  	converted := true
 648  	switch {
 649  	case dataKind == reflect.String:
 650  		val.SetString(dataVal.String())
 651  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 652  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 653  			val.SetString("1")
 654  		} else {
 655  			val.SetString("0")
 656  		}
 657  	case dataKind == reflect.Int && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 658  		val.SetString(strconv.FormatInt(dataVal.Int(), 10))
 659  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 660  		val.SetString(strconv.FormatUint(dataVal.Uint(), 10))
 661  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32 && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 662  		val.SetString(strconv.FormatFloat(dataVal.Float(), 'f', -1, 64))
 663  	case dataKind == reflect.Slice && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput,
 664  		dataKind == reflect.Array && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 665  		dataType := dataVal.Type()
 666  		elemKind := dataType.Elem().Kind()
 667  		switch elemKind {
 668  		case reflect.Uint8:
 669  			var uints []uint8
 670  			if dataKind == reflect.Array {
 671  				uints = make([]uint8, dataVal.Len(), dataVal.Len())
 672  				for i := range uints {
 673  					uints[i] = dataVal.Index(i).Interface().(uint8)
 674  				}
 675  			} else {
 676  				uints = dataVal.Interface().([]uint8)
 677  			}
 678  			val.SetString(string(uints))
 679  		default:
 680  			converted = false
 681  		}
 682  	default:
 683  		converted = false
 684  	}
 685  
 686  	if !converted {
 687  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 688  			Expected: val,
 689  			Value:    data,
 690  		})
 691  	}
 692  
 693  	return nil
 694  }
 695  
 696  func (d *Decoder) decodeInt(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 697  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 698  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 699  	dataType := dataVal.Type()
 700  
 701  	switch {
 702  	case dataKind == reflect.Int:
 703  		val.SetInt(dataVal.Int())
 704  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint:
 705  		val.SetInt(int64(dataVal.Uint()))
 706  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32:
 707  		val.SetInt(int64(dataVal.Float()))
 708  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 709  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 710  			val.SetInt(1)
 711  		} else {
 712  			val.SetInt(0)
 713  		}
 714  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 715  		str := dataVal.String()
 716  		if str == "" {
 717  			str = "0"
 718  		}
 719  
 720  		i, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 0, val.Type().Bits())
 721  		if err == nil {
 722  			val.SetInt(i)
 723  		} else {
 724  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 725  				Expected: val,
 726  				Value:    data,
 727  				Err:      wrapStrconvNumError(err),
 728  			})
 729  		}
 730  	case dataType.PkgPath() == "encoding/json" && dataType.Name() == "Number":
 731  		jn := data.(json.Number)
 732  		i, err := jn.Int64()
 733  		if err != nil {
 734  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 735  				Expected: val,
 736  				Value:    data,
 737  				Err:      err,
 738  			})
 739  		}
 740  		val.SetInt(i)
 741  	default:
 742  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 743  			Expected: val,
 744  			Value:    data,
 745  		})
 746  	}
 747  
 748  	return nil
 749  }
 750  
 751  func (d *Decoder) decodeUint(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 752  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 753  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 754  	dataType := dataVal.Type()
 755  
 756  	switch {
 757  	case dataKind == reflect.Int:
 758  		i := dataVal.Int()
 759  		if i < 0 && !d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
 760  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 761  				Expected: val,
 762  				Value:    data,
 763  				Err:      fmt.Errorf("%d overflows uint", i),
 764  			})
 765  		}
 766  		val.SetUint(uint64(i))
 767  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint:
 768  		val.SetUint(dataVal.Uint())
 769  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32:
 770  		f := dataVal.Float()
 771  		if f < 0 && !d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
 772  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 773  				Expected: val,
 774  				Value:    data,
 775  				Err:      fmt.Errorf("%f overflows uint", f),
 776  			})
 777  		}
 778  		val.SetUint(uint64(f))
 779  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 780  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 781  			val.SetUint(1)
 782  		} else {
 783  			val.SetUint(0)
 784  		}
 785  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 786  		str := dataVal.String()
 787  		if str == "" {
 788  			str = "0"
 789  		}
 790  
 791  		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(str, 0, val.Type().Bits())
 792  		if err == nil {
 793  			val.SetUint(i)
 794  		} else {
 795  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 796  				Expected: val,
 797  				Value:    data,
 798  				Err:      wrapStrconvNumError(err),
 799  			})
 800  		}
 801  	case dataType.PkgPath() == "encoding/json" && dataType.Name() == "Number":
 802  		jn := data.(json.Number)
 803  		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(jn), 0, 64)
 804  		if err != nil {
 805  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 806  				Expected: val,
 807  				Value:    data,
 808  				Err:      wrapStrconvNumError(err),
 809  			})
 810  		}
 811  		val.SetUint(i)
 812  	default:
 813  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 814  			Expected: val,
 815  			Value:    data,
 816  		})
 817  	}
 818  
 819  	return nil
 820  }
 821  
 822  func (d *Decoder) decodeBool(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 823  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 824  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 825  
 826  	switch {
 827  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool:
 828  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Bool())
 829  	case dataKind == reflect.Int && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 830  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Int() != 0)
 831  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 832  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Uint() != 0)
 833  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32 && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 834  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Float() != 0)
 835  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 836  		b, err := strconv.ParseBool(dataVal.String())
 837  		if err == nil {
 838  			val.SetBool(b)
 839  		} else if dataVal.String() == "" {
 840  			val.SetBool(false)
 841  		} else {
 842  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 843  				Expected: val,
 844  				Value:    data,
 845  				Err:      wrapStrconvNumError(err),
 846  			})
 847  		}
 848  	default:
 849  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 850  			Expected: val,
 851  			Value:    data,
 852  		})
 853  	}
 854  
 855  	return nil
 856  }
 857  
 858  func (d *Decoder) decodeFloat(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 859  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 860  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 861  	dataType := dataVal.Type()
 862  
 863  	switch {
 864  	case dataKind == reflect.Int:
 865  		val.SetFloat(float64(dataVal.Int()))
 866  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint:
 867  		val.SetFloat(float64(dataVal.Uint()))
 868  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32:
 869  		val.SetFloat(dataVal.Float())
 870  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 871  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 872  			val.SetFloat(1)
 873  		} else {
 874  			val.SetFloat(0)
 875  		}
 876  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 877  		str := dataVal.String()
 878  		if str == "" {
 879  			str = "0"
 880  		}
 881  
 882  		f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, val.Type().Bits())
 883  		if err == nil {
 884  			val.SetFloat(f)
 885  		} else {
 886  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 887  				Expected: val,
 888  				Value:    data,
 889  				Err:      wrapStrconvNumError(err),
 890  			})
 891  		}
 892  	case dataType.PkgPath() == "encoding/json" && dataType.Name() == "Number":
 893  		jn := data.(json.Number)
 894  		i, err := jn.Float64()
 895  		if err != nil {
 896  			return newDecodeError(name, &ParseError{
 897  				Expected: val,
 898  				Value:    data,
 899  				Err:      err,
 900  			})
 901  		}
 902  		val.SetFloat(i)
 903  	default:
 904  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 905  			Expected: val,
 906  			Value:    data,
 907  		})
 908  	}
 909  
 910  	return nil
 911  }
 912  
 913  func (d *Decoder) decodeComplex(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 914  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 915  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 916  
 917  	switch {
 918  	case dataKind == reflect.Complex64:
 919  		val.SetComplex(dataVal.Complex())
 920  	default:
 921  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 922  			Expected: val,
 923  			Value:    data,
 924  		})
 925  	}
 926  
 927  	return nil
 928  }
 929  
 930  func (d *Decoder) decodeMap(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
 931  	valType := val.Type()
 932  	valKeyType := valType.Key()
 933  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
 934  
 935  	// By default we overwrite keys in the current map
 936  	valMap := val
 937  
 938  	// If the map is nil or we're purposely zeroing fields, make a new map
 939  	if valMap.IsNil() || d.config.ZeroFields {
 940  		// Make a new map to hold our result
 941  		mapType := reflect.MapOf(valKeyType, valElemType)
 942  		valMap = reflect.MakeMap(mapType)
 943  	}
 944  
 945  	dataVal := reflect.ValueOf(data)
 946  
 947  	// Resolve any levels of indirection
 948  	for dataVal.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 949  		dataVal = reflect.Indirect(dataVal)
 950  	}
 951  
 952  	// Check input type and based on the input type jump to the proper func
 953  	switch dataVal.Kind() {
 954  	case reflect.Map:
 955  		return d.decodeMapFromMap(name, dataVal, val, valMap)
 956  
 957  	case reflect.Struct:
 958  		return d.decodeMapFromStruct(name, dataVal, val, valMap)
 959  
 960  	case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
 961  		if d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
 962  			return d.decodeMapFromSlice(name, dataVal, val, valMap)
 963  		}
 964  
 965  		fallthrough
 966  
 967  	default:
 968  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
 969  			Expected: val,
 970  			Value:    data,
 971  		})
 972  	}
 973  }
 974  
 975  func (d *Decoder) decodeMapFromSlice(name string, dataVal reflect.Value, val reflect.Value, valMap reflect.Value) error {
 976  	// Special case for BC reasons (covered by tests)
 977  	if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
 978  		val.Set(valMap)
 979  		return nil
 980  	}
 981  
 982  	for i := 0; i < dataVal.Len(); i++ {
 983  		err := d.decode(
 984  			name+"["+strconv.Itoa(i)+"]",
 985  			dataVal.Index(i).Interface(), val)
 986  		if err != nil {
 987  			return err
 988  		}
 989  	}
 990  
 991  	return nil
 992  }
 993  
 994  func (d *Decoder) decodeMapFromMap(name string, dataVal reflect.Value, val reflect.Value, valMap reflect.Value) error {
 995  	valType := val.Type()
 996  	valKeyType := valType.Key()
 997  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
 998  
 999  	// Accumulate errors
1000  	var errs []error
1001  
1002  	// If the input data is empty, then we just match what the input data is.
1003  	if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
1004  		if dataVal.IsNil() {
1005  			if !val.IsNil() {
1006  				val.Set(dataVal)
1007  			}
1008  		} else {
1009  			// Set to empty allocated value
1010  			val.Set(valMap)
1011  		}
1012  
1013  		return nil
1014  	}
1015  
1016  	for _, k := range dataVal.MapKeys() {
1017  		fieldName := name + "[" + k.String() + "]"
1018  
1019  		// First decode the key into the proper type
1020  		currentKey := reflect.Indirect(reflect.New(valKeyType))
1021  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, k.Interface(), currentKey); err != nil {
1022  			errs = append(errs, err)
1023  			continue
1024  		}
1025  
1026  		// Next decode the data into the proper type
1027  		v := dataVal.MapIndex(k).Interface()
1028  		currentVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.New(valElemType))
1029  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, v, currentVal); err != nil {
1030  			errs = append(errs, err)
1031  			continue
1032  		}
1033  
1034  		valMap.SetMapIndex(currentKey, currentVal)
1035  	}
1036  
1037  	// Set the built up map to the value
1038  	val.Set(valMap)
1039  
1040  	return errors.Join(errs...)
1041  }
1042  
1043  func (d *Decoder) decodeMapFromStruct(name string, dataVal reflect.Value, val reflect.Value, valMap reflect.Value) error {
1044  	typ := dataVal.Type()
1045  	for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
1046  		// Get the StructField first since this is a cheap operation. If the
1047  		// field is unexported, then ignore it.
1048  		f := typ.Field(i)
1049  		if f.PkgPath != "" {
1050  			continue
1051  		}
1052  
1053  		// Next get the actual value of this field and verify it is assignable
1054  		// to the map value.
1055  		v := dataVal.Field(i)
1056  		if !v.Type().AssignableTo(valMap.Type().Elem()) {
1057  			return newDecodeError(
1058  				name+"."+f.Name,
1059  				fmt.Errorf("cannot assign type %q to map value field of type %q", v.Type(), valMap.Type().Elem()),
1060  			)
1061  		}
1062  
1063  		tagValue := f.Tag.Get(d.config.TagName)
1064  		keyName := f.Name
1065  
1066  		if tagValue == "" && d.config.IgnoreUntaggedFields {
1067  			continue
1068  		}
1069  
1070  		// If Squash is set in the config, we squash the field down.
1071  		squash := d.config.Squash && v.Kind() == reflect.Struct && f.Anonymous
1072  
1073  		v = dereferencePtrToStructIfNeeded(v, d.config.TagName)
1074  
1075  		// Determine the name of the key in the map
1076  		if index := strings.Index(tagValue, ","); index != -1 {
1077  			if tagValue[:index] == "-" {
1078  				continue
1079  			}
1080  			// If "omitempty" is specified in the tag, it ignores empty values.
1081  			if strings.Index(tagValue[index+1:], "omitempty") != -1 && isEmptyValue(v) {
1082  				continue
1083  			}
1084  
1085  			// If "omitzero" is specified in the tag, it ignores zero values.
1086  			if strings.Index(tagValue[index+1:], "omitzero") != -1 && v.IsZero() {
1087  				continue
1088  			}
1089  
1090  			// If "squash" is specified in the tag, we squash the field down.
1091  			squash = squash || strings.Contains(tagValue[index+1:], d.config.SquashTagOption)
1092  			if squash {
1093  				// When squashing, the embedded type can be a pointer to a struct.
1094  				if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
1095  					v = v.Elem()
1096  				}
1097  
1098  				// The final type must be a struct
1099  				if v.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
1100  					return newDecodeError(
1101  						name+"."+f.Name,
1102  						fmt.Errorf("cannot squash non-struct type %q", v.Type()),
1103  					)
1104  				}
1105  			} else {
1106  				if strings.Index(tagValue[index+1:], "remain") != -1 {
1107  					if v.Kind() != reflect.Map {
1108  						return newDecodeError(
1109  							name+"."+f.Name,
1110  							fmt.Errorf("error remain-tag field with invalid type: %q", v.Type()),
1111  						)
1112  					}
1113  
1114  					ptr := v.MapRange()
1115  					for ptr.Next() {
1116  						valMap.SetMapIndex(ptr.Key(), ptr.Value())
1117  					}
1118  					continue
1119  				}
1120  			}
1121  			if keyNameTagValue := tagValue[:index]; keyNameTagValue != "" {
1122  				keyName = keyNameTagValue
1123  			}
1124  		} else if len(tagValue) > 0 {
1125  			if tagValue == "-" {
1126  				continue
1127  			}
1128  			keyName = tagValue
1129  		}
1130  
1131  		switch v.Kind() {
1132  		// this is an embedded struct, so handle it differently
1133  		case reflect.Struct:
1134  			x := reflect.New(v.Type())
1135  			x.Elem().Set(v)
1136  
1137  			vType := valMap.Type()
1138  			vKeyType := vType.Key()
1139  			vElemType := vType.Elem()
1140  			mType := reflect.MapOf(vKeyType, vElemType)
1141  			vMap := reflect.MakeMap(mType)
1142  
1143  			// Creating a pointer to a map so that other methods can completely
1144  			// overwrite the map if need be (looking at you decodeMapFromMap). The
1145  			// indirection allows the underlying map to be settable (CanSet() == true)
1146  			// where as reflect.MakeMap returns an unsettable map.
1147  			addrVal := reflect.New(vMap.Type())
1148  			reflect.Indirect(addrVal).Set(vMap)
1149  
1150  			err := d.decode(keyName, x.Interface(), reflect.Indirect(addrVal))
1151  			if err != nil {
1152  				return err
1153  			}
1154  
1155  			// the underlying map may have been completely overwritten so pull
1156  			// it indirectly out of the enclosing value.
1157  			vMap = reflect.Indirect(addrVal)
1158  
1159  			if squash {
1160  				for _, k := range vMap.MapKeys() {
1161  					valMap.SetMapIndex(k, vMap.MapIndex(k))
1162  				}
1163  			} else {
1164  				valMap.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(keyName), vMap)
1165  			}
1166  
1167  		default:
1168  			valMap.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(keyName), v)
1169  		}
1170  	}
1171  
1172  	if val.CanAddr() {
1173  		val.Set(valMap)
1174  	}
1175  
1176  	return nil
1177  }
1178  
1179  func (d *Decoder) decodePtr(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) (bool, error) {
1180  	// If the input data is nil, then we want to just set the output
1181  	// pointer to be nil as well.
1182  	isNil := data == nil
1183  	if !isNil {
1184  		switch v := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data)); v.Kind() {
1185  		case reflect.Chan,
1186  			reflect.Func,
1187  			reflect.Interface,
1188  			reflect.Map,
1189  			reflect.Ptr,
1190  			reflect.Slice:
1191  			isNil = v.IsNil()
1192  		}
1193  	}
1194  	if isNil {
1195  		if !val.IsNil() && val.CanSet() {
1196  			nilValue := reflect.New(val.Type()).Elem()
1197  			val.Set(nilValue)
1198  		}
1199  
1200  		return true, nil
1201  	}
1202  
1203  	// Create an element of the concrete (non pointer) type and decode
1204  	// into that. Then set the value of the pointer to this type.
1205  	valType := val.Type()
1206  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
1207  	if val.CanSet() {
1208  		realVal := val
1209  		if realVal.IsNil() || d.config.ZeroFields {
1210  			realVal = reflect.New(valElemType)
1211  		}
1212  
1213  		if err := d.decode(name, data, reflect.Indirect(realVal)); err != nil {
1214  			return false, err
1215  		}
1216  
1217  		val.Set(realVal)
1218  	} else {
1219  		if err := d.decode(name, data, reflect.Indirect(val)); err != nil {
1220  			return false, err
1221  		}
1222  	}
1223  	return false, nil
1224  }
1225  
1226  func (d *Decoder) decodeFunc(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
1227  	// Create an element of the concrete (non pointer) type and decode
1228  	// into that. Then set the value of the pointer to this type.
1229  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1230  	if val.Type() != dataVal.Type() {
1231  		return newDecodeError(name, &UnconvertibleTypeError{
1232  			Expected: val,
1233  			Value:    data,
1234  		})
1235  	}
1236  	val.Set(dataVal)
1237  	return nil
1238  }
1239  
1240  func (d *Decoder) decodeSlice(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
1241  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1242  	dataValKind := dataVal.Kind()
1243  	valType := val.Type()
1244  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
1245  	sliceType := reflect.SliceOf(valElemType)
1246  
1247  	// If we have a non array/slice type then we first attempt to convert.
1248  	if dataValKind != reflect.Array && dataValKind != reflect.Slice {
1249  		if d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
1250  			switch {
1251  			// Slice and array we use the normal logic
1252  			case dataValKind == reflect.Slice, dataValKind == reflect.Array:
1253  				break
1254  
1255  			// Empty maps turn into empty slices
1256  			case dataValKind == reflect.Map:
1257  				if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
1258  					val.Set(reflect.MakeSlice(sliceType, 0, 0))
1259  					return nil
1260  				}
1261  				// Create slice of maps of other sizes
1262  				return d.decodeSlice(name, []any{data}, val)
1263  
1264  			case dataValKind == reflect.String && valElemType.Kind() == reflect.Uint8:
1265  				return d.decodeSlice(name, []byte(dataVal.String()), val)
1266  
1267  			// All other types we try to convert to the slice type
1268  			// and "lift" it into it. i.e. a string becomes a string slice.
1269  			default:
1270  				// Just re-try this function with data as a slice.
1271  				return d.decodeSlice(name, []any{data}, val)
1272  			}
1273  		}
1274  
1275  		return newDecodeError(name,
1276  			fmt.Errorf("source data must be an array or slice, got %s", dataValKind))
1277  	}
1278  
1279  	// If the input value is nil, then don't allocate since empty != nil
1280  	if dataValKind != reflect.Array && dataVal.IsNil() {
1281  		return nil
1282  	}
1283  
1284  	valSlice := val
1285  	if valSlice.IsNil() || d.config.ZeroFields {
1286  		// Make a new slice to hold our result, same size as the original data.
1287  		valSlice = reflect.MakeSlice(sliceType, dataVal.Len(), dataVal.Len())
1288  	} else if valSlice.Len() > dataVal.Len() {
1289  		valSlice = valSlice.Slice(0, dataVal.Len())
1290  	}
1291  
1292  	// Accumulate any errors
1293  	var errs []error
1294  
1295  	for i := 0; i < dataVal.Len(); i++ {
1296  		currentData := dataVal.Index(i).Interface()
1297  		for valSlice.Len() <= i {
1298  			valSlice = reflect.Append(valSlice, reflect.Zero(valElemType))
1299  		}
1300  		currentField := valSlice.Index(i)
1301  
1302  		fieldName := name + "[" + strconv.Itoa(i) + "]"
1303  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, currentData, currentField); err != nil {
1304  			errs = append(errs, err)
1305  		}
1306  	}
1307  
1308  	// Finally, set the value to the slice we built up
1309  	val.Set(valSlice)
1310  
1311  	return errors.Join(errs...)
1312  }
1313  
1314  func (d *Decoder) decodeArray(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
1315  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1316  	dataValKind := dataVal.Kind()
1317  	valType := val.Type()
1318  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
1319  	arrayType := reflect.ArrayOf(valType.Len(), valElemType)
1320  
1321  	valArray := val
1322  
1323  	if isComparable(valArray) && valArray.Interface() == reflect.Zero(valArray.Type()).Interface() || d.config.ZeroFields {
1324  		// Check input type
1325  		if dataValKind != reflect.Array && dataValKind != reflect.Slice {
1326  			if d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
1327  				switch {
1328  				// Empty maps turn into empty arrays
1329  				case dataValKind == reflect.Map:
1330  					if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
1331  						val.Set(reflect.Zero(arrayType))
1332  						return nil
1333  					}
1334  
1335  				// All other types we try to convert to the array type
1336  				// and "lift" it into it. i.e. a string becomes a string array.
1337  				default:
1338  					// Just re-try this function with data as a slice.
1339  					return d.decodeArray(name, []any{data}, val)
1340  				}
1341  			}
1342  
1343  			return newDecodeError(name,
1344  				fmt.Errorf("source data must be an array or slice, got %s", dataValKind))
1345  
1346  		}
1347  		if dataVal.Len() > arrayType.Len() {
1348  			return newDecodeError(name,
1349  				fmt.Errorf("expected source data to have length less or equal to %d, got %d", arrayType.Len(), dataVal.Len()))
1350  		}
1351  
1352  		// Make a new array to hold our result, same size as the original data.
1353  		valArray = reflect.New(arrayType).Elem()
1354  	}
1355  
1356  	// Accumulate any errors
1357  	var errs []error
1358  
1359  	for i := 0; i < dataVal.Len(); i++ {
1360  		currentData := dataVal.Index(i).Interface()
1361  		currentField := valArray.Index(i)
1362  
1363  		fieldName := name + "[" + strconv.Itoa(i) + "]"
1364  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, currentData, currentField); err != nil {
1365  			errs = append(errs, err)
1366  		}
1367  	}
1368  
1369  	// Finally, set the value to the array we built up
1370  	val.Set(valArray)
1371  
1372  	return errors.Join(errs...)
1373  }
1374  
1375  func (d *Decoder) decodeStruct(name string, data any, val reflect.Value) error {
1376  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1377  
1378  	// If the type of the value to write to and the data match directly,
1379  	// then we just set it directly instead of recursing into the structure.
1380  	if dataVal.Type() == val.Type() {
1381  		val.Set(dataVal)
1382  		return nil
1383  	}
1384  
1385  	dataValKind := dataVal.Kind()
1386  	switch dataValKind {
1387  	case reflect.Map:
1388  		return d.decodeStructFromMap(name, dataVal, val)
1389  
1390  	case reflect.Struct:
1391  		// Not the most efficient way to do this but we can optimize later if
1392  		// we want to. To convert from struct to struct we go to map first
1393  		// as an intermediary.
1394  
1395  		// Make a new map to hold our result
1396  		mapType := reflect.TypeOf((map[string]any)(nil))
1397  		mval := reflect.MakeMap(mapType)
1398  
1399  		// Creating a pointer to a map so that other methods can completely
1400  		// overwrite the map if need be (looking at you decodeMapFromMap). The
1401  		// indirection allows the underlying map to be settable (CanSet() == true)
1402  		// where as reflect.MakeMap returns an unsettable map.
1403  		addrVal := reflect.New(mval.Type())
1404  
1405  		reflect.Indirect(addrVal).Set(mval)
1406  		if err := d.decodeMapFromStruct(name, dataVal, reflect.Indirect(addrVal), mval); err != nil {
1407  			return err
1408  		}
1409  
1410  		result := d.decodeStructFromMap(name, reflect.Indirect(addrVal), val)
1411  		return result
1412  
1413  	default:
1414  		return newDecodeError(name,
1415  			fmt.Errorf("expected a map or struct, got %q", dataValKind))
1416  	}
1417  }
1418  
1419  func (d *Decoder) decodeStructFromMap(name string, dataVal, val reflect.Value) error {
1420  	dataValType := dataVal.Type()
1421  	if kind := dataValType.Key().Kind(); kind != reflect.String && kind != reflect.Interface {
1422  		return newDecodeError(name,
1423  			fmt.Errorf("needs a map with string keys, has %q keys", kind))
1424  	}
1425  
1426  	dataValKeys := make(map[reflect.Value]struct{})
1427  	dataValKeysUnused := make(map[any]struct{})
1428  	for _, dataValKey := range dataVal.MapKeys() {
1429  		dataValKeys[dataValKey] = struct{}{}
1430  		dataValKeysUnused[dataValKey.Interface()] = struct{}{}
1431  	}
1432  
1433  	targetValKeysUnused := make(map[any]struct{})
1434  
1435  	var errs []error
1436  
1437  	// This slice will keep track of all the structs we'll be decoding.
1438  	// There can be more than one struct if there are embedded structs
1439  	// that are squashed.
1440  	structs := make([]reflect.Value, 1, 5)
1441  	structs[0] = val
1442  
1443  	// Compile the list of all the fields that we're going to be decoding
1444  	// from all the structs.
1445  	type field struct {
1446  		field reflect.StructField
1447  		val   reflect.Value
1448  	}
1449  
1450  	// remainField is set to a valid field set with the "remain" tag if
1451  	// we are keeping track of remaining values.
1452  	var remainField *field
1453  
1454  	fields := []field{}
1455  	for len(structs) > 0 {
1456  		structVal := structs[0]
1457  		structs = structs[1:]
1458  
1459  		structType := structVal.Type()
1460  
1461  		for i := 0; i < structType.NumField(); i++ {
1462  			fieldType := structType.Field(i)
1463  			fieldVal := structVal.Field(i)
1464  			if fieldVal.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && fieldVal.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
1465  				// Handle embedded struct pointers as embedded structs.
1466  				fieldVal = fieldVal.Elem()
1467  			}
1468  
1469  			// If "squash" is specified in the tag, we squash the field down.
1470  			squash := d.config.Squash && fieldVal.Kind() == reflect.Struct && fieldType.Anonymous
1471  			remain := false
1472  
1473  			// We always parse the tags cause we're looking for other tags too
1474  			tagParts := strings.Split(fieldType.Tag.Get(d.config.TagName), ",")
1475  			for _, tag := range tagParts[1:] {
1476  				if tag == d.config.SquashTagOption {
1477  					squash = true
1478  					break
1479  				}
1480  
1481  				if tag == "remain" {
1482  					remain = true
1483  					break
1484  				}
1485  			}
1486  
1487  			if squash {
1488  				switch fieldVal.Kind() {
1489  				case reflect.Struct:
1490  					structs = append(structs, fieldVal)
1491  				case reflect.Interface:
1492  					if !fieldVal.IsNil() {
1493  						structs = append(structs, fieldVal.Elem().Elem())
1494  					}
1495  				default:
1496  					errs = append(errs, newDecodeError(
1497  						name+"."+fieldType.Name,
1498  						fmt.Errorf("unsupported type for squash: %s", fieldVal.Kind()),
1499  					))
1500  				}
1501  				continue
1502  			}
1503  
1504  			// Build our field
1505  			if remain {
1506  				remainField = &field{fieldType, fieldVal}
1507  			} else {
1508  				// Normal struct field, store it away
1509  				fields = append(fields, field{fieldType, fieldVal})
1510  			}
1511  		}
1512  	}
1513  
1514  	// for fieldType, field := range fields {
1515  	for _, f := range fields {
1516  		field, fieldValue := f.field, f.val
1517  		fieldName := field.Name
1518  
1519  		tagValue := field.Tag.Get(d.config.TagName)
1520  		if tagValue == "" && d.config.IgnoreUntaggedFields {
1521  			continue
1522  		}
1523  		tagValue = strings.SplitN(tagValue, ",", 2)[0]
1524  		if tagValue != "" {
1525  			fieldName = tagValue
1526  		}
1527  
1528  		rawMapKey := reflect.ValueOf(fieldName)
1529  		rawMapVal := dataVal.MapIndex(rawMapKey)
1530  		if !rawMapVal.IsValid() {
1531  			// Do a slower search by iterating over each key and
1532  			// doing case-insensitive search.
1533  			for dataValKey := range dataValKeys {
1534  				mK, ok := dataValKey.Interface().(string)
1535  				if !ok {
1536  					// Not a string key
1537  					continue
1538  				}
1539  
1540  				if d.config.MatchName(mK, fieldName) {
1541  					rawMapKey = dataValKey
1542  					rawMapVal = dataVal.MapIndex(dataValKey)
1543  					break
1544  				}
1545  			}
1546  
1547  			if !rawMapVal.IsValid() {
1548  				// There was no matching key in the map for the value in
1549  				// the struct. Remember it for potential errors and metadata.
1550  				if !(d.config.AllowUnsetPointer && fieldValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr) {
1551  					targetValKeysUnused[fieldName] = struct{}{}
1552  				}
1553  				continue
1554  			}
1555  		}
1556  
1557  		if !fieldValue.IsValid() {
1558  			// This should never happen
1559  			panic("field is not valid")
1560  		}
1561  
1562  		// If we can't set the field, then it is unexported or something,
1563  		// and we just continue onwards.
1564  		if !fieldValue.CanSet() {
1565  			continue
1566  		}
1567  
1568  		// Delete the key we're using from the unused map so we stop tracking
1569  		delete(dataValKeysUnused, rawMapKey.Interface())
1570  
1571  		// If the name is empty string, then we're at the root, and we
1572  		// don't dot-join the fields.
1573  		if name != "" {
1574  			fieldName = name + "." + fieldName
1575  		}
1576  
1577  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, rawMapVal.Interface(), fieldValue); err != nil {
1578  			errs = append(errs, err)
1579  		}
1580  	}
1581  
1582  	// If we have a "remain"-tagged field and we have unused keys then
1583  	// we put the unused keys directly into the remain field.
1584  	if remainField != nil && len(dataValKeysUnused) > 0 {
1585  		// Build a map of only the unused values
1586  		remain := map[any]any{}
1587  		for key := range dataValKeysUnused {
1588  			remain[key] = dataVal.MapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(key)).Interface()
1589  		}
1590  
1591  		// Decode it as-if we were just decoding this map onto our map.
1592  		if err := d.decodeMap(name, remain, remainField.val); err != nil {
1593  			errs = append(errs, err)
1594  		}
1595  
1596  		// Set the map to nil so we have none so that the next check will
1597  		// not error (ErrorUnused)
1598  		dataValKeysUnused = nil
1599  	}
1600  
1601  	if d.config.ErrorUnused && len(dataValKeysUnused) > 0 {
1602  		keys := make([]string, 0, len(dataValKeysUnused))
1603  		for rawKey := range dataValKeysUnused {
1604  			keys = append(keys, rawKey.(string))
1605  		}
1606  		sort.Strings(keys)
1607  
1608  		errs = append(errs, newDecodeError(
1609  			name,
1610  			fmt.Errorf("has invalid keys: %s", strings.Join(keys, ", ")),
1611  		))
1612  	}
1613  
1614  	if d.config.ErrorUnset && len(targetValKeysUnused) > 0 {
1615  		keys := make([]string, 0, len(targetValKeysUnused))
1616  		for rawKey := range targetValKeysUnused {
1617  			keys = append(keys, rawKey.(string))
1618  		}
1619  		sort.Strings(keys)
1620  
1621  		errs = append(errs, newDecodeError(
1622  			name,
1623  			fmt.Errorf("has unset fields: %s", strings.Join(keys, ", ")),
1624  		))
1625  	}
1626  
1627  	if err := errors.Join(errs...); err != nil {
1628  		return err
1629  	}
1630  
1631  	// Add the unused keys to the list of unused keys if we're tracking metadata
1632  	if d.config.Metadata != nil {
1633  		for rawKey := range dataValKeysUnused {
1634  			key := rawKey.(string)
1635  			if name != "" {
1636  				key = name + "." + key
1637  			}
1638  
1639  			d.config.Metadata.Unused = append(d.config.Metadata.Unused, key)
1640  		}
1641  		for rawKey := range targetValKeysUnused {
1642  			key := rawKey.(string)
1643  			if name != "" {
1644  				key = name + "." + key
1645  			}
1646  
1647  			d.config.Metadata.Unset = append(d.config.Metadata.Unset, key)
1648  		}
1649  	}
1650  
1651  	return nil
1652  }
1653  
1654  func isEmptyValue(v reflect.Value) bool {
1655  	switch getKind(v) {
1656  	case reflect.Array, reflect.Map, reflect.Slice, reflect.String:
1657  		return v.Len() == 0
1658  	case reflect.Bool:
1659  		return !v.Bool()
1660  	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
1661  		return v.Int() == 0
1662  	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uintptr:
1663  		return v.Uint() == 0
1664  	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
1665  		return v.Float() == 0
1666  	case reflect.Interface, reflect.Ptr:
1667  		return v.IsNil()
1668  	}
1669  	return false
1670  }
1671  
1672  func getKind(val reflect.Value) reflect.Kind {
1673  	kind := val.Kind()
1674  
1675  	switch {
1676  	case kind >= reflect.Int && kind <= reflect.Int64:
1677  		return reflect.Int
1678  	case kind >= reflect.Uint && kind <= reflect.Uint64:
1679  		return reflect.Uint
1680  	case kind >= reflect.Float32 && kind <= reflect.Float64:
1681  		return reflect.Float32
1682  	case kind >= reflect.Complex64 && kind <= reflect.Complex128:
1683  		return reflect.Complex64
1684  	default:
1685  		return kind
1686  	}
1687  }
1688  
1689  func isStructTypeConvertibleToMap(typ reflect.Type, checkMapstructureTags bool, tagName string) bool {
1690  	for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
1691  		f := typ.Field(i)
1692  		if f.PkgPath == "" && !checkMapstructureTags { // check for unexported fields
1693  			return true
1694  		}
1695  		if checkMapstructureTags && f.Tag.Get(tagName) != "" { // check for mapstructure tags inside
1696  			return true
1697  		}
1698  	}
1699  	return false
1700  }
1701  
1702  func dereferencePtrToStructIfNeeded(v reflect.Value, tagName string) reflect.Value {
1703  	if v.Kind() != reflect.Ptr || v.Elem().Kind() != reflect.Struct {
1704  		return v
1705  	}
1706  	deref := v.Elem()
1707  	derefT := deref.Type()
1708  	if isStructTypeConvertibleToMap(derefT, true, tagName) {
1709  		return deref
1710  	}
1711  	return v
1712  }
1713