mapstructure.go raw

   1  // Package mapstructure exposes functionality to convert one arbitrary
   2  // Go type into another, typically to convert a map[string]interface{}
   3  // into a native Go structure.
   4  //
   5  // The Go structure can be arbitrarily complex, containing slices,
   6  // other structs, etc. and the decoder will properly decode nested
   7  // maps and so on into the proper structures in the native Go struct.
   8  // See the examples to see what the decoder is capable of.
   9  //
  10  // The simplest function to start with is Decode.
  11  //
  12  // Field Tags
  13  //
  14  // When decoding to a struct, mapstructure will use the field name by
  15  // default to perform the mapping. For example, if a struct has a field
  16  // "Username" then mapstructure will look for a key in the source value
  17  // of "username" (case insensitive).
  18  //
  19  //     type User struct {
  20  //         Username string
  21  //     }
  22  //
  23  // You can change the behavior of mapstructure by using struct tags.
  24  // The default struct tag that mapstructure looks for is "mapstructure"
  25  // but you can customize it using DecoderConfig.
  26  //
  27  // Renaming Fields
  28  //
  29  // To rename the key that mapstructure looks for, use the "mapstructure"
  30  // tag and set a value directly. For example, to change the "username" example
  31  // above to "user":
  32  //
  33  //     type User struct {
  34  //         Username string `mapstructure:"user"`
  35  //     }
  36  //
  37  // Embedded Structs and Squashing
  38  //
  39  // Embedded structs are treated as if they're another field with that name.
  40  // By default, the two structs below are equivalent when decoding with
  41  // mapstructure:
  42  //
  43  //     type Person struct {
  44  //         Name string
  45  //     }
  46  //
  47  //     type Friend struct {
  48  //         Person
  49  //     }
  50  //
  51  //     type Friend struct {
  52  //         Person Person
  53  //     }
  54  //
  55  // This would require an input that looks like below:
  56  //
  57  //     map[string]interface{}{
  58  //         "person": map[string]interface{}{"name": "alice"},
  59  //     }
  60  //
  61  // If your "person" value is NOT nested, then you can append ",squash" to
  62  // your tag value and mapstructure will treat it as if the embedded struct
  63  // were part of the struct directly. Example:
  64  //
  65  //     type Friend struct {
  66  //         Person `mapstructure:",squash"`
  67  //     }
  68  //
  69  // Now the following input would be accepted:
  70  //
  71  //     map[string]interface{}{
  72  //         "name": "alice",
  73  //     }
  74  //
  75  // When decoding from a struct to a map, the squash tag squashes the struct
  76  // fields into a single map. Using the example structs from above:
  77  //
  78  //     Friend{Person: Person{Name: "alice"}}
  79  //
  80  // Will be decoded into a map:
  81  //
  82  //     map[string]interface{}{
  83  //         "name": "alice",
  84  //     }
  85  //
  86  // DecoderConfig has a field that changes the behavior of mapstructure
  87  // to always squash embedded structs.
  88  //
  89  // Remainder Values
  90  //
  91  // If there are any unmapped keys in the source value, mapstructure by
  92  // default will silently ignore them. You can error by setting ErrorUnused
  93  // in DecoderConfig. If you're using Metadata you can also maintain a slice
  94  // of the unused keys.
  95  //
  96  // You can also use the ",remain" suffix on your tag to collect all unused
  97  // values in a map. The field with this tag MUST be a map type and should
  98  // probably be a "map[string]interface{}" or "map[interface{}]interface{}".
  99  // See example below:
 100  //
 101  //     type Friend struct {
 102  //         Name  string
 103  //         Other map[string]interface{} `mapstructure:",remain"`
 104  //     }
 105  //
 106  // Given the input below, Other would be populated with the other
 107  // values that weren't used (everything but "name"):
 108  //
 109  //     map[string]interface{}{
 110  //         "name":    "bob",
 111  //         "address": "123 Maple St.",
 112  //     }
 113  //
 114  // Omit Empty Values
 115  //
 116  // When decoding from a struct to any other value, you may use the
 117  // ",omitempty" suffix on your tag to omit that value if it equates to
 118  // the zero value. The zero value of all types is specified in the Go
 119  // specification.
 120  //
 121  // For example, the zero type of a numeric type is zero ("0"). If the struct
 122  // field value is zero and a numeric type, the field is empty, and it won't
 123  // be encoded into the destination type.
 124  //
 125  //     type Source struct {
 126  //         Age int `mapstructure:",omitempty"`
 127  //     }
 128  //
 129  // Unexported fields
 130  //
 131  // Since unexported (private) struct fields cannot be set outside the package
 132  // where they are defined, the decoder will simply skip them.
 133  //
 134  // For this output type definition:
 135  //
 136  //     type Exported struct {
 137  //         private string // this unexported field will be skipped
 138  //         Public string
 139  //     }
 140  //
 141  // Using this map as input:
 142  //
 143  //     map[string]interface{}{
 144  //         "private": "I will be ignored",
 145  //         "Public":  "I made it through!",
 146  //     }
 147  //
 148  // The following struct will be decoded:
 149  //
 150  //     type Exported struct {
 151  //         private: "" // field is left with an empty string (zero value)
 152  //         Public: "I made it through!"
 153  //     }
 154  //
 155  // Other Configuration
 156  //
 157  // mapstructure is highly configurable. See the DecoderConfig struct
 158  // for other features and options that are supported.
 159  package mapstructure
 160  
 161  import (
 162  	"encoding/json"
 163  	"errors"
 164  	"fmt"
 165  	"reflect"
 166  	"sort"
 167  	"strconv"
 168  	"strings"
 169  )
 170  
 171  // DecodeHookFunc is the callback function that can be used for
 172  // data transformations. See "DecodeHook" in the DecoderConfig
 173  // struct.
 174  //
 175  // The type must be one of DecodeHookFuncType, DecodeHookFuncKind, or
 176  // DecodeHookFuncValue.
 177  // Values are a superset of Types (Values can return types), and Types are a
 178  // superset of Kinds (Types can return Kinds) and are generally a richer thing
 179  // to use, but Kinds are simpler if you only need those.
 180  //
 181  // The reason DecodeHookFunc is multi-typed is for backwards compatibility:
 182  // we started with Kinds and then realized Types were the better solution,
 183  // but have a promise to not break backwards compat so we now support
 184  // both.
 185  type DecodeHookFunc interface{}
 186  
 187  // DecodeHookFuncType is a DecodeHookFunc which has complete information about
 188  // the source and target types.
 189  type DecodeHookFuncType func(reflect.Type, reflect.Type, interface{}) (interface{}, error)
 190  
 191  // DecodeHookFuncKind is a DecodeHookFunc which knows only the Kinds of the
 192  // source and target types.
 193  type DecodeHookFuncKind func(reflect.Kind, reflect.Kind, interface{}) (interface{}, error)
 194  
 195  // DecodeHookFuncValue is a DecodeHookFunc which has complete access to both the source and target
 196  // values.
 197  type DecodeHookFuncValue func(from reflect.Value, to reflect.Value) (interface{}, error)
 198  
 199  // DecoderConfig is the configuration that is used to create a new decoder
 200  // and allows customization of various aspects of decoding.
 201  type DecoderConfig struct {
 202  	// DecodeHook, if set, will be called before any decoding and any
 203  	// type conversion (if WeaklyTypedInput is on). This lets you modify
 204  	// the values before they're set down onto the resulting struct. The
 205  	// DecodeHook is called for every map and value in the input. This means
 206  	// that if a struct has embedded fields with squash tags the decode hook
 207  	// is called only once with all of the input data, not once for each
 208  	// embedded struct.
 209  	//
 210  	// If an error is returned, the entire decode will fail with that error.
 211  	DecodeHook DecodeHookFunc
 212  
 213  	// If ErrorUnused is true, then it is an error for there to exist
 214  	// keys in the original map that were unused in the decoding process
 215  	// (extra keys).
 216  	ErrorUnused bool
 217  
 218  	// If ErrorUnset is true, then it is an error for there to exist
 219  	// fields in the result that were not set in the decoding process
 220  	// (extra fields). This only applies to decoding to a struct. This
 221  	// will affect all nested structs as well.
 222  	ErrorUnset bool
 223  
 224  	// ZeroFields, if set to true, will zero fields before writing them.
 225  	// For example, a map will be emptied before decoded values are put in
 226  	// it. If this is false, a map will be merged.
 227  	ZeroFields bool
 228  
 229  	// If WeaklyTypedInput is true, the decoder will make the following
 230  	// "weak" conversions:
 231  	//
 232  	//   - bools to string (true = "1", false = "0")
 233  	//   - numbers to string (base 10)
 234  	//   - bools to int/uint (true = 1, false = 0)
 235  	//   - strings to int/uint (base implied by prefix)
 236  	//   - int to bool (true if value != 0)
 237  	//   - string to bool (accepts: 1, t, T, TRUE, true, True, 0, f, F,
 238  	//     FALSE, false, False. Anything else is an error)
 239  	//   - empty array = empty map and vice versa
 240  	//   - negative numbers to overflowed uint values (base 10)
 241  	//   - slice of maps to a merged map
 242  	//   - single values are converted to slices if required. Each
 243  	//     element is weakly decoded. For example: "4" can become []int{4}
 244  	//     if the target type is an int slice.
 245  	//
 246  	WeaklyTypedInput bool
 247  
 248  	// Squash will squash embedded structs.  A squash tag may also be
 249  	// added to an individual struct field using a tag.  For example:
 250  	//
 251  	//  type Parent struct {
 252  	//      Child `mapstructure:",squash"`
 253  	//  }
 254  	Squash bool
 255  
 256  	// Metadata is the struct that will contain extra metadata about
 257  	// the decoding. If this is nil, then no metadata will be tracked.
 258  	Metadata *Metadata
 259  
 260  	// Result is a pointer to the struct that will contain the decoded
 261  	// value.
 262  	Result interface{}
 263  
 264  	// The tag name that mapstructure reads for field names. This
 265  	// defaults to "mapstructure"
 266  	TagName string
 267  
 268  	// IgnoreUntaggedFields ignores all struct fields without explicit
 269  	// TagName, comparable to `mapstructure:"-"` as default behaviour.
 270  	IgnoreUntaggedFields bool
 271  
 272  	// MatchName is the function used to match the map key to the struct
 273  	// field name or tag. Defaults to `strings.EqualFold`. This can be used
 274  	// to implement case-sensitive tag values, support snake casing, etc.
 275  	MatchName func(mapKey, fieldName string) bool
 276  }
 277  
 278  // A Decoder takes a raw interface value and turns it into structured
 279  // data, keeping track of rich error information along the way in case
 280  // anything goes wrong. Unlike the basic top-level Decode method, you can
 281  // more finely control how the Decoder behaves using the DecoderConfig
 282  // structure. The top-level Decode method is just a convenience that sets
 283  // up the most basic Decoder.
 284  type Decoder struct {
 285  	config *DecoderConfig
 286  }
 287  
 288  // Metadata contains information about decoding a structure that
 289  // is tedious or difficult to get otherwise.
 290  type Metadata struct {
 291  	// Keys are the keys of the structure which were successfully decoded
 292  	Keys []string
 293  
 294  	// Unused is a slice of keys that were found in the raw value but
 295  	// weren't decoded since there was no matching field in the result interface
 296  	Unused []string
 297  
 298  	// Unset is a slice of field names that were found in the result interface
 299  	// but weren't set in the decoding process since there was no matching value
 300  	// in the input
 301  	Unset []string
 302  }
 303  
 304  // Decode takes an input structure and uses reflection to translate it to
 305  // the output structure. output must be a pointer to a map or struct.
 306  func Decode(input interface{}, output interface{}) error {
 307  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 308  		Metadata: nil,
 309  		Result:   output,
 310  	}
 311  
 312  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 313  	if err != nil {
 314  		return err
 315  	}
 316  
 317  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 318  }
 319  
 320  // WeakDecode is the same as Decode but is shorthand to enable
 321  // WeaklyTypedInput. See DecoderConfig for more info.
 322  func WeakDecode(input, output interface{}) error {
 323  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 324  		Metadata:         nil,
 325  		Result:           output,
 326  		WeaklyTypedInput: true,
 327  	}
 328  
 329  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 330  	if err != nil {
 331  		return err
 332  	}
 333  
 334  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 335  }
 336  
 337  // DecodeMetadata is the same as Decode, but is shorthand to
 338  // enable metadata collection. See DecoderConfig for more info.
 339  func DecodeMetadata(input interface{}, output interface{}, metadata *Metadata) error {
 340  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 341  		Metadata: metadata,
 342  		Result:   output,
 343  	}
 344  
 345  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 346  	if err != nil {
 347  		return err
 348  	}
 349  
 350  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 351  }
 352  
 353  // WeakDecodeMetadata is the same as Decode, but is shorthand to
 354  // enable both WeaklyTypedInput and metadata collection. See
 355  // DecoderConfig for more info.
 356  func WeakDecodeMetadata(input interface{}, output interface{}, metadata *Metadata) error {
 357  	config := &DecoderConfig{
 358  		Metadata:         metadata,
 359  		Result:           output,
 360  		WeaklyTypedInput: true,
 361  	}
 362  
 363  	decoder, err := NewDecoder(config)
 364  	if err != nil {
 365  		return err
 366  	}
 367  
 368  	return decoder.Decode(input)
 369  }
 370  
 371  // NewDecoder returns a new decoder for the given configuration. Once
 372  // a decoder has been returned, the same configuration must not be used
 373  // again.
 374  func NewDecoder(config *DecoderConfig) (*Decoder, error) {
 375  	val := reflect.ValueOf(config.Result)
 376  	if val.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
 377  		return nil, errors.New("result must be a pointer")
 378  	}
 379  
 380  	val = val.Elem()
 381  	if !val.CanAddr() {
 382  		return nil, errors.New("result must be addressable (a pointer)")
 383  	}
 384  
 385  	if config.Metadata != nil {
 386  		if config.Metadata.Keys == nil {
 387  			config.Metadata.Keys = make([]string, 0)
 388  		}
 389  
 390  		if config.Metadata.Unused == nil {
 391  			config.Metadata.Unused = make([]string, 0)
 392  		}
 393  
 394  		if config.Metadata.Unset == nil {
 395  			config.Metadata.Unset = make([]string, 0)
 396  		}
 397  	}
 398  
 399  	if config.TagName == "" {
 400  		config.TagName = "mapstructure"
 401  	}
 402  
 403  	if config.MatchName == nil {
 404  		config.MatchName = strings.EqualFold
 405  	}
 406  
 407  	result := &Decoder{
 408  		config: config,
 409  	}
 410  
 411  	return result, nil
 412  }
 413  
 414  // Decode decodes the given raw interface to the target pointer specified
 415  // by the configuration.
 416  func (d *Decoder) Decode(input interface{}) error {
 417  	return d.decode("", input, reflect.ValueOf(d.config.Result).Elem())
 418  }
 419  
 420  // Decodes an unknown data type into a specific reflection value.
 421  func (d *Decoder) decode(name string, input interface{}, outVal reflect.Value) error {
 422  	var inputVal reflect.Value
 423  	if input != nil {
 424  		inputVal = reflect.ValueOf(input)
 425  
 426  		// We need to check here if input is a typed nil. Typed nils won't
 427  		// match the "input == nil" below so we check that here.
 428  		if inputVal.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && inputVal.IsNil() {
 429  			input = nil
 430  		}
 431  	}
 432  
 433  	if input == nil {
 434  		// If the data is nil, then we don't set anything, unless ZeroFields is set
 435  		// to true.
 436  		if d.config.ZeroFields {
 437  			outVal.Set(reflect.Zero(outVal.Type()))
 438  
 439  			if d.config.Metadata != nil && name != "" {
 440  				d.config.Metadata.Keys = append(d.config.Metadata.Keys, name)
 441  			}
 442  		}
 443  		return nil
 444  	}
 445  
 446  	if !inputVal.IsValid() {
 447  		// If the input value is invalid, then we just set the value
 448  		// to be the zero value.
 449  		outVal.Set(reflect.Zero(outVal.Type()))
 450  		if d.config.Metadata != nil && name != "" {
 451  			d.config.Metadata.Keys = append(d.config.Metadata.Keys, name)
 452  		}
 453  		return nil
 454  	}
 455  
 456  	if d.config.DecodeHook != nil {
 457  		// We have a DecodeHook, so let's pre-process the input.
 458  		var err error
 459  		input, err = DecodeHookExec(d.config.DecodeHook, inputVal, outVal)
 460  		if err != nil {
 461  			return fmt.Errorf("error decoding '%s': %s", name, err)
 462  		}
 463  	}
 464  
 465  	var err error
 466  	outputKind := getKind(outVal)
 467  	addMetaKey := true
 468  	switch outputKind {
 469  	case reflect.Bool:
 470  		err = d.decodeBool(name, input, outVal)
 471  	case reflect.Interface:
 472  		err = d.decodeBasic(name, input, outVal)
 473  	case reflect.String:
 474  		err = d.decodeString(name, input, outVal)
 475  	case reflect.Int:
 476  		err = d.decodeInt(name, input, outVal)
 477  	case reflect.Uint:
 478  		err = d.decodeUint(name, input, outVal)
 479  	case reflect.Float32:
 480  		err = d.decodeFloat(name, input, outVal)
 481  	case reflect.Struct:
 482  		err = d.decodeStruct(name, input, outVal)
 483  	case reflect.Map:
 484  		err = d.decodeMap(name, input, outVal)
 485  	case reflect.Ptr:
 486  		addMetaKey, err = d.decodePtr(name, input, outVal)
 487  	case reflect.Slice:
 488  		err = d.decodeSlice(name, input, outVal)
 489  	case reflect.Array:
 490  		err = d.decodeArray(name, input, outVal)
 491  	case reflect.Func:
 492  		err = d.decodeFunc(name, input, outVal)
 493  	default:
 494  		// If we reached this point then we weren't able to decode it
 495  		return fmt.Errorf("%s: unsupported type: %s", name, outputKind)
 496  	}
 497  
 498  	// If we reached here, then we successfully decoded SOMETHING, so
 499  	// mark the key as used if we're tracking metainput.
 500  	if addMetaKey && d.config.Metadata != nil && name != "" {
 501  		d.config.Metadata.Keys = append(d.config.Metadata.Keys, name)
 502  	}
 503  
 504  	return err
 505  }
 506  
 507  // This decodes a basic type (bool, int, string, etc.) and sets the
 508  // value to "data" of that type.
 509  func (d *Decoder) decodeBasic(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 510  	if val.IsValid() && val.Elem().IsValid() {
 511  		elem := val.Elem()
 512  
 513  		// If we can't address this element, then its not writable. Instead,
 514  		// we make a copy of the value (which is a pointer and therefore
 515  		// writable), decode into that, and replace the whole value.
 516  		copied := false
 517  		if !elem.CanAddr() {
 518  			copied = true
 519  
 520  			// Make *T
 521  			copy := reflect.New(elem.Type())
 522  
 523  			// *T = elem
 524  			copy.Elem().Set(elem)
 525  
 526  			// Set elem so we decode into it
 527  			elem = copy
 528  		}
 529  
 530  		// Decode. If we have an error then return. We also return right
 531  		// away if we're not a copy because that means we decoded directly.
 532  		if err := d.decode(name, data, elem); err != nil || !copied {
 533  			return err
 534  		}
 535  
 536  		// If we're a copy, we need to set te final result
 537  		val.Set(elem.Elem())
 538  		return nil
 539  	}
 540  
 541  	dataVal := reflect.ValueOf(data)
 542  
 543  	// If the input data is a pointer, and the assigned type is the dereference
 544  	// of that exact pointer, then indirect it so that we can assign it.
 545  	// Example: *string to string
 546  	if dataVal.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && dataVal.Type().Elem() == val.Type() {
 547  		dataVal = reflect.Indirect(dataVal)
 548  	}
 549  
 550  	if !dataVal.IsValid() {
 551  		dataVal = reflect.Zero(val.Type())
 552  	}
 553  
 554  	dataValType := dataVal.Type()
 555  	if !dataValType.AssignableTo(val.Type()) {
 556  		return fmt.Errorf(
 557  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got '%s'",
 558  			name, val.Type(), dataValType)
 559  	}
 560  
 561  	val.Set(dataVal)
 562  	return nil
 563  }
 564  
 565  func (d *Decoder) decodeString(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 566  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 567  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 568  
 569  	converted := true
 570  	switch {
 571  	case dataKind == reflect.String:
 572  		val.SetString(dataVal.String())
 573  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 574  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 575  			val.SetString("1")
 576  		} else {
 577  			val.SetString("0")
 578  		}
 579  	case dataKind == reflect.Int && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 580  		val.SetString(strconv.FormatInt(dataVal.Int(), 10))
 581  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 582  		val.SetString(strconv.FormatUint(dataVal.Uint(), 10))
 583  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32 && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 584  		val.SetString(strconv.FormatFloat(dataVal.Float(), 'f', -1, 64))
 585  	case dataKind == reflect.Slice && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput,
 586  		dataKind == reflect.Array && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 587  		dataType := dataVal.Type()
 588  		elemKind := dataType.Elem().Kind()
 589  		switch elemKind {
 590  		case reflect.Uint8:
 591  			var uints []uint8
 592  			if dataKind == reflect.Array {
 593  				uints = make([]uint8, dataVal.Len(), dataVal.Len())
 594  				for i := range uints {
 595  					uints[i] = dataVal.Index(i).Interface().(uint8)
 596  				}
 597  			} else {
 598  				uints = dataVal.Interface().([]uint8)
 599  			}
 600  			val.SetString(string(uints))
 601  		default:
 602  			converted = false
 603  		}
 604  	default:
 605  		converted = false
 606  	}
 607  
 608  	if !converted {
 609  		return fmt.Errorf(
 610  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got unconvertible type '%s', value: '%v'",
 611  			name, val.Type(), dataVal.Type(), data)
 612  	}
 613  
 614  	return nil
 615  }
 616  
 617  func (d *Decoder) decodeInt(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 618  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 619  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 620  	dataType := dataVal.Type()
 621  
 622  	switch {
 623  	case dataKind == reflect.Int:
 624  		val.SetInt(dataVal.Int())
 625  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint:
 626  		val.SetInt(int64(dataVal.Uint()))
 627  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32:
 628  		val.SetInt(int64(dataVal.Float()))
 629  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 630  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 631  			val.SetInt(1)
 632  		} else {
 633  			val.SetInt(0)
 634  		}
 635  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 636  		str := dataVal.String()
 637  		if str == "" {
 638  			str = "0"
 639  		}
 640  
 641  		i, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 0, val.Type().Bits())
 642  		if err == nil {
 643  			val.SetInt(i)
 644  		} else {
 645  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse '%s' as int: %s", name, err)
 646  		}
 647  	case dataType.PkgPath() == "encoding/json" && dataType.Name() == "Number":
 648  		jn := data.(json.Number)
 649  		i, err := jn.Int64()
 650  		if err != nil {
 651  			return fmt.Errorf(
 652  				"error decoding json.Number into %s: %s", name, err)
 653  		}
 654  		val.SetInt(i)
 655  	default:
 656  		return fmt.Errorf(
 657  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got unconvertible type '%s', value: '%v'",
 658  			name, val.Type(), dataVal.Type(), data)
 659  	}
 660  
 661  	return nil
 662  }
 663  
 664  func (d *Decoder) decodeUint(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 665  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 666  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 667  	dataType := dataVal.Type()
 668  
 669  	switch {
 670  	case dataKind == reflect.Int:
 671  		i := dataVal.Int()
 672  		if i < 0 && !d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
 673  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse '%s', %d overflows uint",
 674  				name, i)
 675  		}
 676  		val.SetUint(uint64(i))
 677  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint:
 678  		val.SetUint(dataVal.Uint())
 679  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32:
 680  		f := dataVal.Float()
 681  		if f < 0 && !d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
 682  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse '%s', %f overflows uint",
 683  				name, f)
 684  		}
 685  		val.SetUint(uint64(f))
 686  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 687  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 688  			val.SetUint(1)
 689  		} else {
 690  			val.SetUint(0)
 691  		}
 692  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 693  		str := dataVal.String()
 694  		if str == "" {
 695  			str = "0"
 696  		}
 697  
 698  		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(str, 0, val.Type().Bits())
 699  		if err == nil {
 700  			val.SetUint(i)
 701  		} else {
 702  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse '%s' as uint: %s", name, err)
 703  		}
 704  	case dataType.PkgPath() == "encoding/json" && dataType.Name() == "Number":
 705  		jn := data.(json.Number)
 706  		i, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(jn), 0, 64)
 707  		if err != nil {
 708  			return fmt.Errorf(
 709  				"error decoding json.Number into %s: %s", name, err)
 710  		}
 711  		val.SetUint(i)
 712  	default:
 713  		return fmt.Errorf(
 714  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got unconvertible type '%s', value: '%v'",
 715  			name, val.Type(), dataVal.Type(), data)
 716  	}
 717  
 718  	return nil
 719  }
 720  
 721  func (d *Decoder) decodeBool(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 722  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 723  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 724  
 725  	switch {
 726  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool:
 727  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Bool())
 728  	case dataKind == reflect.Int && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 729  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Int() != 0)
 730  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 731  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Uint() != 0)
 732  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32 && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 733  		val.SetBool(dataVal.Float() != 0)
 734  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 735  		b, err := strconv.ParseBool(dataVal.String())
 736  		if err == nil {
 737  			val.SetBool(b)
 738  		} else if dataVal.String() == "" {
 739  			val.SetBool(false)
 740  		} else {
 741  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse '%s' as bool: %s", name, err)
 742  		}
 743  	default:
 744  		return fmt.Errorf(
 745  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got unconvertible type '%s', value: '%v'",
 746  			name, val.Type(), dataVal.Type(), data)
 747  	}
 748  
 749  	return nil
 750  }
 751  
 752  func (d *Decoder) decodeFloat(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 753  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 754  	dataKind := getKind(dataVal)
 755  	dataType := dataVal.Type()
 756  
 757  	switch {
 758  	case dataKind == reflect.Int:
 759  		val.SetFloat(float64(dataVal.Int()))
 760  	case dataKind == reflect.Uint:
 761  		val.SetFloat(float64(dataVal.Uint()))
 762  	case dataKind == reflect.Float32:
 763  		val.SetFloat(dataVal.Float())
 764  	case dataKind == reflect.Bool && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 765  		if dataVal.Bool() {
 766  			val.SetFloat(1)
 767  		} else {
 768  			val.SetFloat(0)
 769  		}
 770  	case dataKind == reflect.String && d.config.WeaklyTypedInput:
 771  		str := dataVal.String()
 772  		if str == "" {
 773  			str = "0"
 774  		}
 775  
 776  		f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, val.Type().Bits())
 777  		if err == nil {
 778  			val.SetFloat(f)
 779  		} else {
 780  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse '%s' as float: %s", name, err)
 781  		}
 782  	case dataType.PkgPath() == "encoding/json" && dataType.Name() == "Number":
 783  		jn := data.(json.Number)
 784  		i, err := jn.Float64()
 785  		if err != nil {
 786  			return fmt.Errorf(
 787  				"error decoding json.Number into %s: %s", name, err)
 788  		}
 789  		val.SetFloat(i)
 790  	default:
 791  		return fmt.Errorf(
 792  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got unconvertible type '%s', value: '%v'",
 793  			name, val.Type(), dataVal.Type(), data)
 794  	}
 795  
 796  	return nil
 797  }
 798  
 799  func (d *Decoder) decodeMap(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
 800  	valType := val.Type()
 801  	valKeyType := valType.Key()
 802  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
 803  
 804  	// By default we overwrite keys in the current map
 805  	valMap := val
 806  
 807  	// If the map is nil or we're purposely zeroing fields, make a new map
 808  	if valMap.IsNil() || d.config.ZeroFields {
 809  		// Make a new map to hold our result
 810  		mapType := reflect.MapOf(valKeyType, valElemType)
 811  		valMap = reflect.MakeMap(mapType)
 812  	}
 813  
 814  	// Check input type and based on the input type jump to the proper func
 815  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
 816  	switch dataVal.Kind() {
 817  	case reflect.Map:
 818  		return d.decodeMapFromMap(name, dataVal, val, valMap)
 819  
 820  	case reflect.Struct:
 821  		return d.decodeMapFromStruct(name, dataVal, val, valMap)
 822  
 823  	case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
 824  		if d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
 825  			return d.decodeMapFromSlice(name, dataVal, val, valMap)
 826  		}
 827  
 828  		fallthrough
 829  
 830  	default:
 831  		return fmt.Errorf("'%s' expected a map, got '%s'", name, dataVal.Kind())
 832  	}
 833  }
 834  
 835  func (d *Decoder) decodeMapFromSlice(name string, dataVal reflect.Value, val reflect.Value, valMap reflect.Value) error {
 836  	// Special case for BC reasons (covered by tests)
 837  	if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
 838  		val.Set(valMap)
 839  		return nil
 840  	}
 841  
 842  	for i := 0; i < dataVal.Len(); i++ {
 843  		err := d.decode(
 844  			name+"["+strconv.Itoa(i)+"]",
 845  			dataVal.Index(i).Interface(), val)
 846  		if err != nil {
 847  			return err
 848  		}
 849  	}
 850  
 851  	return nil
 852  }
 853  
 854  func (d *Decoder) decodeMapFromMap(name string, dataVal reflect.Value, val reflect.Value, valMap reflect.Value) error {
 855  	valType := val.Type()
 856  	valKeyType := valType.Key()
 857  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
 858  
 859  	// Accumulate errors
 860  	errors := make([]string, 0)
 861  
 862  	// If the input data is empty, then we just match what the input data is.
 863  	if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
 864  		if dataVal.IsNil() {
 865  			if !val.IsNil() {
 866  				val.Set(dataVal)
 867  			}
 868  		} else {
 869  			// Set to empty allocated value
 870  			val.Set(valMap)
 871  		}
 872  
 873  		return nil
 874  	}
 875  
 876  	for _, k := range dataVal.MapKeys() {
 877  		fieldName := name + "[" + k.String() + "]"
 878  
 879  		// First decode the key into the proper type
 880  		currentKey := reflect.Indirect(reflect.New(valKeyType))
 881  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, k.Interface(), currentKey); err != nil {
 882  			errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
 883  			continue
 884  		}
 885  
 886  		// Next decode the data into the proper type
 887  		v := dataVal.MapIndex(k).Interface()
 888  		currentVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.New(valElemType))
 889  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, v, currentVal); err != nil {
 890  			errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
 891  			continue
 892  		}
 893  
 894  		valMap.SetMapIndex(currentKey, currentVal)
 895  	}
 896  
 897  	// Set the built up map to the value
 898  	val.Set(valMap)
 899  
 900  	// If we had errors, return those
 901  	if len(errors) > 0 {
 902  		return &Error{errors}
 903  	}
 904  
 905  	return nil
 906  }
 907  
 908  func (d *Decoder) decodeMapFromStruct(name string, dataVal reflect.Value, val reflect.Value, valMap reflect.Value) error {
 909  	typ := dataVal.Type()
 910  	for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
 911  		// Get the StructField first since this is a cheap operation. If the
 912  		// field is unexported, then ignore it.
 913  		f := typ.Field(i)
 914  		if f.PkgPath != "" {
 915  			continue
 916  		}
 917  
 918  		// Next get the actual value of this field and verify it is assignable
 919  		// to the map value.
 920  		v := dataVal.Field(i)
 921  		if !v.Type().AssignableTo(valMap.Type().Elem()) {
 922  			return fmt.Errorf("cannot assign type '%s' to map value field of type '%s'", v.Type(), valMap.Type().Elem())
 923  		}
 924  
 925  		tagValue := f.Tag.Get(d.config.TagName)
 926  		keyName := f.Name
 927  
 928  		if tagValue == "" && d.config.IgnoreUntaggedFields {
 929  			continue
 930  		}
 931  
 932  		// If Squash is set in the config, we squash the field down.
 933  		squash := d.config.Squash && v.Kind() == reflect.Struct && f.Anonymous
 934  
 935  		v = dereferencePtrToStructIfNeeded(v, d.config.TagName)
 936  
 937  		// Determine the name of the key in the map
 938  		if index := strings.Index(tagValue, ","); index != -1 {
 939  			if tagValue[:index] == "-" {
 940  				continue
 941  			}
 942  			// If "omitempty" is specified in the tag, it ignores empty values.
 943  			if strings.Index(tagValue[index+1:], "omitempty") != -1 && isEmptyValue(v) {
 944  				continue
 945  			}
 946  
 947  			// If "squash" is specified in the tag, we squash the field down.
 948  			squash = squash || strings.Index(tagValue[index+1:], "squash") != -1
 949  			if squash {
 950  				// When squashing, the embedded type can be a pointer to a struct.
 951  				if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
 952  					v = v.Elem()
 953  				}
 954  
 955  				// The final type must be a struct
 956  				if v.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
 957  					return fmt.Errorf("cannot squash non-struct type '%s'", v.Type())
 958  				}
 959  			}
 960  			if keyNameTagValue := tagValue[:index]; keyNameTagValue != "" {
 961  				keyName = keyNameTagValue
 962  			}
 963  		} else if len(tagValue) > 0 {
 964  			if tagValue == "-" {
 965  				continue
 966  			}
 967  			keyName = tagValue
 968  		}
 969  
 970  		switch v.Kind() {
 971  		// this is an embedded struct, so handle it differently
 972  		case reflect.Struct:
 973  			x := reflect.New(v.Type())
 974  			x.Elem().Set(v)
 975  
 976  			vType := valMap.Type()
 977  			vKeyType := vType.Key()
 978  			vElemType := vType.Elem()
 979  			mType := reflect.MapOf(vKeyType, vElemType)
 980  			vMap := reflect.MakeMap(mType)
 981  
 982  			// Creating a pointer to a map so that other methods can completely
 983  			// overwrite the map if need be (looking at you decodeMapFromMap). The
 984  			// indirection allows the underlying map to be settable (CanSet() == true)
 985  			// where as reflect.MakeMap returns an unsettable map.
 986  			addrVal := reflect.New(vMap.Type())
 987  			reflect.Indirect(addrVal).Set(vMap)
 988  
 989  			err := d.decode(keyName, x.Interface(), reflect.Indirect(addrVal))
 990  			if err != nil {
 991  				return err
 992  			}
 993  
 994  			// the underlying map may have been completely overwritten so pull
 995  			// it indirectly out of the enclosing value.
 996  			vMap = reflect.Indirect(addrVal)
 997  
 998  			if squash {
 999  				for _, k := range vMap.MapKeys() {
1000  					valMap.SetMapIndex(k, vMap.MapIndex(k))
1001  				}
1002  			} else {
1003  				valMap.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(keyName), vMap)
1004  			}
1005  
1006  		default:
1007  			valMap.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(keyName), v)
1008  		}
1009  	}
1010  
1011  	if val.CanAddr() {
1012  		val.Set(valMap)
1013  	}
1014  
1015  	return nil
1016  }
1017  
1018  func (d *Decoder) decodePtr(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) (bool, error) {
1019  	// If the input data is nil, then we want to just set the output
1020  	// pointer to be nil as well.
1021  	isNil := data == nil
1022  	if !isNil {
1023  		switch v := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data)); v.Kind() {
1024  		case reflect.Chan,
1025  			reflect.Func,
1026  			reflect.Interface,
1027  			reflect.Map,
1028  			reflect.Ptr,
1029  			reflect.Slice:
1030  			isNil = v.IsNil()
1031  		}
1032  	}
1033  	if isNil {
1034  		if !val.IsNil() && val.CanSet() {
1035  			nilValue := reflect.New(val.Type()).Elem()
1036  			val.Set(nilValue)
1037  		}
1038  
1039  		return true, nil
1040  	}
1041  
1042  	// Create an element of the concrete (non pointer) type and decode
1043  	// into that. Then set the value of the pointer to this type.
1044  	valType := val.Type()
1045  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
1046  	if val.CanSet() {
1047  		realVal := val
1048  		if realVal.IsNil() || d.config.ZeroFields {
1049  			realVal = reflect.New(valElemType)
1050  		}
1051  
1052  		if err := d.decode(name, data, reflect.Indirect(realVal)); err != nil {
1053  			return false, err
1054  		}
1055  
1056  		val.Set(realVal)
1057  	} else {
1058  		if err := d.decode(name, data, reflect.Indirect(val)); err != nil {
1059  			return false, err
1060  		}
1061  	}
1062  	return false, nil
1063  }
1064  
1065  func (d *Decoder) decodeFunc(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
1066  	// Create an element of the concrete (non pointer) type and decode
1067  	// into that. Then set the value of the pointer to this type.
1068  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1069  	if val.Type() != dataVal.Type() {
1070  		return fmt.Errorf(
1071  			"'%s' expected type '%s', got unconvertible type '%s', value: '%v'",
1072  			name, val.Type(), dataVal.Type(), data)
1073  	}
1074  	val.Set(dataVal)
1075  	return nil
1076  }
1077  
1078  func (d *Decoder) decodeSlice(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
1079  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1080  	dataValKind := dataVal.Kind()
1081  	valType := val.Type()
1082  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
1083  	sliceType := reflect.SliceOf(valElemType)
1084  
1085  	// If we have a non array/slice type then we first attempt to convert.
1086  	if dataValKind != reflect.Array && dataValKind != reflect.Slice {
1087  		if d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
1088  			switch {
1089  			// Slice and array we use the normal logic
1090  			case dataValKind == reflect.Slice, dataValKind == reflect.Array:
1091  				break
1092  
1093  			// Empty maps turn into empty slices
1094  			case dataValKind == reflect.Map:
1095  				if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
1096  					val.Set(reflect.MakeSlice(sliceType, 0, 0))
1097  					return nil
1098  				}
1099  				// Create slice of maps of other sizes
1100  				return d.decodeSlice(name, []interface{}{data}, val)
1101  
1102  			case dataValKind == reflect.String && valElemType.Kind() == reflect.Uint8:
1103  				return d.decodeSlice(name, []byte(dataVal.String()), val)
1104  
1105  			// All other types we try to convert to the slice type
1106  			// and "lift" it into it. i.e. a string becomes a string slice.
1107  			default:
1108  				// Just re-try this function with data as a slice.
1109  				return d.decodeSlice(name, []interface{}{data}, val)
1110  			}
1111  		}
1112  
1113  		return fmt.Errorf(
1114  			"'%s': source data must be an array or slice, got %s", name, dataValKind)
1115  	}
1116  
1117  	// If the input value is nil, then don't allocate since empty != nil
1118  	if dataValKind != reflect.Array && dataVal.IsNil() {
1119  		return nil
1120  	}
1121  
1122  	valSlice := val
1123  	if valSlice.IsNil() || d.config.ZeroFields {
1124  		// Make a new slice to hold our result, same size as the original data.
1125  		valSlice = reflect.MakeSlice(sliceType, dataVal.Len(), dataVal.Len())
1126  	}
1127  
1128  	// Accumulate any errors
1129  	errors := make([]string, 0)
1130  
1131  	for i := 0; i < dataVal.Len(); i++ {
1132  		currentData := dataVal.Index(i).Interface()
1133  		for valSlice.Len() <= i {
1134  			valSlice = reflect.Append(valSlice, reflect.Zero(valElemType))
1135  		}
1136  		currentField := valSlice.Index(i)
1137  
1138  		fieldName := name + "[" + strconv.Itoa(i) + "]"
1139  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, currentData, currentField); err != nil {
1140  			errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
1141  		}
1142  	}
1143  
1144  	// Finally, set the value to the slice we built up
1145  	val.Set(valSlice)
1146  
1147  	// If there were errors, we return those
1148  	if len(errors) > 0 {
1149  		return &Error{errors}
1150  	}
1151  
1152  	return nil
1153  }
1154  
1155  func (d *Decoder) decodeArray(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
1156  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1157  	dataValKind := dataVal.Kind()
1158  	valType := val.Type()
1159  	valElemType := valType.Elem()
1160  	arrayType := reflect.ArrayOf(valType.Len(), valElemType)
1161  
1162  	valArray := val
1163  
1164  	if valArray.Interface() == reflect.Zero(valArray.Type()).Interface() || d.config.ZeroFields {
1165  		// Check input type
1166  		if dataValKind != reflect.Array && dataValKind != reflect.Slice {
1167  			if d.config.WeaklyTypedInput {
1168  				switch {
1169  				// Empty maps turn into empty arrays
1170  				case dataValKind == reflect.Map:
1171  					if dataVal.Len() == 0 {
1172  						val.Set(reflect.Zero(arrayType))
1173  						return nil
1174  					}
1175  
1176  				// All other types we try to convert to the array type
1177  				// and "lift" it into it. i.e. a string becomes a string array.
1178  				default:
1179  					// Just re-try this function with data as a slice.
1180  					return d.decodeArray(name, []interface{}{data}, val)
1181  				}
1182  			}
1183  
1184  			return fmt.Errorf(
1185  				"'%s': source data must be an array or slice, got %s", name, dataValKind)
1186  
1187  		}
1188  		if dataVal.Len() > arrayType.Len() {
1189  			return fmt.Errorf(
1190  				"'%s': expected source data to have length less or equal to %d, got %d", name, arrayType.Len(), dataVal.Len())
1191  
1192  		}
1193  
1194  		// Make a new array to hold our result, same size as the original data.
1195  		valArray = reflect.New(arrayType).Elem()
1196  	}
1197  
1198  	// Accumulate any errors
1199  	errors := make([]string, 0)
1200  
1201  	for i := 0; i < dataVal.Len(); i++ {
1202  		currentData := dataVal.Index(i).Interface()
1203  		currentField := valArray.Index(i)
1204  
1205  		fieldName := name + "[" + strconv.Itoa(i) + "]"
1206  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, currentData, currentField); err != nil {
1207  			errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
1208  		}
1209  	}
1210  
1211  	// Finally, set the value to the array we built up
1212  	val.Set(valArray)
1213  
1214  	// If there were errors, we return those
1215  	if len(errors) > 0 {
1216  		return &Error{errors}
1217  	}
1218  
1219  	return nil
1220  }
1221  
1222  func (d *Decoder) decodeStruct(name string, data interface{}, val reflect.Value) error {
1223  	dataVal := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(data))
1224  
1225  	// If the type of the value to write to and the data match directly,
1226  	// then we just set it directly instead of recursing into the structure.
1227  	if dataVal.Type() == val.Type() {
1228  		val.Set(dataVal)
1229  		return nil
1230  	}
1231  
1232  	dataValKind := dataVal.Kind()
1233  	switch dataValKind {
1234  	case reflect.Map:
1235  		return d.decodeStructFromMap(name, dataVal, val)
1236  
1237  	case reflect.Struct:
1238  		// Not the most efficient way to do this but we can optimize later if
1239  		// we want to. To convert from struct to struct we go to map first
1240  		// as an intermediary.
1241  
1242  		// Make a new map to hold our result
1243  		mapType := reflect.TypeOf((map[string]interface{})(nil))
1244  		mval := reflect.MakeMap(mapType)
1245  
1246  		// Creating a pointer to a map so that other methods can completely
1247  		// overwrite the map if need be (looking at you decodeMapFromMap). The
1248  		// indirection allows the underlying map to be settable (CanSet() == true)
1249  		// where as reflect.MakeMap returns an unsettable map.
1250  		addrVal := reflect.New(mval.Type())
1251  
1252  		reflect.Indirect(addrVal).Set(mval)
1253  		if err := d.decodeMapFromStruct(name, dataVal, reflect.Indirect(addrVal), mval); err != nil {
1254  			return err
1255  		}
1256  
1257  		result := d.decodeStructFromMap(name, reflect.Indirect(addrVal), val)
1258  		return result
1259  
1260  	default:
1261  		return fmt.Errorf("'%s' expected a map, got '%s'", name, dataVal.Kind())
1262  	}
1263  }
1264  
1265  func (d *Decoder) decodeStructFromMap(name string, dataVal, val reflect.Value) error {
1266  	dataValType := dataVal.Type()
1267  	if kind := dataValType.Key().Kind(); kind != reflect.String && kind != reflect.Interface {
1268  		return fmt.Errorf(
1269  			"'%s' needs a map with string keys, has '%s' keys",
1270  			name, dataValType.Key().Kind())
1271  	}
1272  
1273  	dataValKeys := make(map[reflect.Value]struct{})
1274  	dataValKeysUnused := make(map[interface{}]struct{})
1275  	for _, dataValKey := range dataVal.MapKeys() {
1276  		dataValKeys[dataValKey] = struct{}{}
1277  		dataValKeysUnused[dataValKey.Interface()] = struct{}{}
1278  	}
1279  
1280  	targetValKeysUnused := make(map[interface{}]struct{})
1281  	errors := make([]string, 0)
1282  
1283  	// This slice will keep track of all the structs we'll be decoding.
1284  	// There can be more than one struct if there are embedded structs
1285  	// that are squashed.
1286  	structs := make([]reflect.Value, 1, 5)
1287  	structs[0] = val
1288  
1289  	// Compile the list of all the fields that we're going to be decoding
1290  	// from all the structs.
1291  	type field struct {
1292  		field reflect.StructField
1293  		val   reflect.Value
1294  	}
1295  
1296  	// remainField is set to a valid field set with the "remain" tag if
1297  	// we are keeping track of remaining values.
1298  	var remainField *field
1299  
1300  	fields := []field{}
1301  	for len(structs) > 0 {
1302  		structVal := structs[0]
1303  		structs = structs[1:]
1304  
1305  		structType := structVal.Type()
1306  
1307  		for i := 0; i < structType.NumField(); i++ {
1308  			fieldType := structType.Field(i)
1309  			fieldVal := structVal.Field(i)
1310  			if fieldVal.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && fieldVal.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
1311  				// Handle embedded struct pointers as embedded structs.
1312  				fieldVal = fieldVal.Elem()
1313  			}
1314  
1315  			// If "squash" is specified in the tag, we squash the field down.
1316  			squash := d.config.Squash && fieldVal.Kind() == reflect.Struct && fieldType.Anonymous
1317  			remain := false
1318  
1319  			// We always parse the tags cause we're looking for other tags too
1320  			tagParts := strings.Split(fieldType.Tag.Get(d.config.TagName), ",")
1321  			for _, tag := range tagParts[1:] {
1322  				if tag == "squash" {
1323  					squash = true
1324  					break
1325  				}
1326  
1327  				if tag == "remain" {
1328  					remain = true
1329  					break
1330  				}
1331  			}
1332  
1333  			if squash {
1334  				if fieldVal.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
1335  					errors = appendErrors(errors,
1336  						fmt.Errorf("%s: unsupported type for squash: %s", fieldType.Name, fieldVal.Kind()))
1337  				} else {
1338  					structs = append(structs, fieldVal)
1339  				}
1340  				continue
1341  			}
1342  
1343  			// Build our field
1344  			if remain {
1345  				remainField = &field{fieldType, fieldVal}
1346  			} else {
1347  				// Normal struct field, store it away
1348  				fields = append(fields, field{fieldType, fieldVal})
1349  			}
1350  		}
1351  	}
1352  
1353  	// for fieldType, field := range fields {
1354  	for _, f := range fields {
1355  		field, fieldValue := f.field, f.val
1356  		fieldName := field.Name
1357  
1358  		tagValue := field.Tag.Get(d.config.TagName)
1359  		tagValue = strings.SplitN(tagValue, ",", 2)[0]
1360  		if tagValue != "" {
1361  			fieldName = tagValue
1362  		}
1363  
1364  		rawMapKey := reflect.ValueOf(fieldName)
1365  		rawMapVal := dataVal.MapIndex(rawMapKey)
1366  		if !rawMapVal.IsValid() {
1367  			// Do a slower search by iterating over each key and
1368  			// doing case-insensitive search.
1369  			for dataValKey := range dataValKeys {
1370  				mK, ok := dataValKey.Interface().(string)
1371  				if !ok {
1372  					// Not a string key
1373  					continue
1374  				}
1375  
1376  				if d.config.MatchName(mK, fieldName) {
1377  					rawMapKey = dataValKey
1378  					rawMapVal = dataVal.MapIndex(dataValKey)
1379  					break
1380  				}
1381  			}
1382  
1383  			if !rawMapVal.IsValid() {
1384  				// There was no matching key in the map for the value in
1385  				// the struct. Remember it for potential errors and metadata.
1386  				targetValKeysUnused[fieldName] = struct{}{}
1387  				continue
1388  			}
1389  		}
1390  
1391  		if !fieldValue.IsValid() {
1392  			// This should never happen
1393  			panic("field is not valid")
1394  		}
1395  
1396  		// If we can't set the field, then it is unexported or something,
1397  		// and we just continue onwards.
1398  		if !fieldValue.CanSet() {
1399  			continue
1400  		}
1401  
1402  		// Delete the key we're using from the unused map so we stop tracking
1403  		delete(dataValKeysUnused, rawMapKey.Interface())
1404  
1405  		// If the name is empty string, then we're at the root, and we
1406  		// don't dot-join the fields.
1407  		if name != "" {
1408  			fieldName = name + "." + fieldName
1409  		}
1410  
1411  		if err := d.decode(fieldName, rawMapVal.Interface(), fieldValue); err != nil {
1412  			errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
1413  		}
1414  	}
1415  
1416  	// If we have a "remain"-tagged field and we have unused keys then
1417  	// we put the unused keys directly into the remain field.
1418  	if remainField != nil && len(dataValKeysUnused) > 0 {
1419  		// Build a map of only the unused values
1420  		remain := map[interface{}]interface{}{}
1421  		for key := range dataValKeysUnused {
1422  			remain[key] = dataVal.MapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(key)).Interface()
1423  		}
1424  
1425  		// Decode it as-if we were just decoding this map onto our map.
1426  		if err := d.decodeMap(name, remain, remainField.val); err != nil {
1427  			errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
1428  		}
1429  
1430  		// Set the map to nil so we have none so that the next check will
1431  		// not error (ErrorUnused)
1432  		dataValKeysUnused = nil
1433  	}
1434  
1435  	if d.config.ErrorUnused && len(dataValKeysUnused) > 0 {
1436  		keys := make([]string, 0, len(dataValKeysUnused))
1437  		for rawKey := range dataValKeysUnused {
1438  			keys = append(keys, rawKey.(string))
1439  		}
1440  		sort.Strings(keys)
1441  
1442  		err := fmt.Errorf("'%s' has invalid keys: %s", name, strings.Join(keys, ", "))
1443  		errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
1444  	}
1445  
1446  	if d.config.ErrorUnset && len(targetValKeysUnused) > 0 {
1447  		keys := make([]string, 0, len(targetValKeysUnused))
1448  		for rawKey := range targetValKeysUnused {
1449  			keys = append(keys, rawKey.(string))
1450  		}
1451  		sort.Strings(keys)
1452  
1453  		err := fmt.Errorf("'%s' has unset fields: %s", name, strings.Join(keys, ", "))
1454  		errors = appendErrors(errors, err)
1455  	}
1456  
1457  	if len(errors) > 0 {
1458  		return &Error{errors}
1459  	}
1460  
1461  	// Add the unused keys to the list of unused keys if we're tracking metadata
1462  	if d.config.Metadata != nil {
1463  		for rawKey := range dataValKeysUnused {
1464  			key := rawKey.(string)
1465  			if name != "" {
1466  				key = name + "." + key
1467  			}
1468  
1469  			d.config.Metadata.Unused = append(d.config.Metadata.Unused, key)
1470  		}
1471  		for rawKey := range targetValKeysUnused {
1472  			key := rawKey.(string)
1473  			if name != "" {
1474  				key = name + "." + key
1475  			}
1476  
1477  			d.config.Metadata.Unset = append(d.config.Metadata.Unset, key)
1478  		}
1479  	}
1480  
1481  	return nil
1482  }
1483  
1484  func isEmptyValue(v reflect.Value) bool {
1485  	switch getKind(v) {
1486  	case reflect.Array, reflect.Map, reflect.Slice, reflect.String:
1487  		return v.Len() == 0
1488  	case reflect.Bool:
1489  		return !v.Bool()
1490  	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
1491  		return v.Int() == 0
1492  	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uintptr:
1493  		return v.Uint() == 0
1494  	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
1495  		return v.Float() == 0
1496  	case reflect.Interface, reflect.Ptr:
1497  		return v.IsNil()
1498  	}
1499  	return false
1500  }
1501  
1502  func getKind(val reflect.Value) reflect.Kind {
1503  	kind := val.Kind()
1504  
1505  	switch {
1506  	case kind >= reflect.Int && kind <= reflect.Int64:
1507  		return reflect.Int
1508  	case kind >= reflect.Uint && kind <= reflect.Uint64:
1509  		return reflect.Uint
1510  	case kind >= reflect.Float32 && kind <= reflect.Float64:
1511  		return reflect.Float32
1512  	default:
1513  		return kind
1514  	}
1515  }
1516  
1517  func isStructTypeConvertibleToMap(typ reflect.Type, checkMapstructureTags bool, tagName string) bool {
1518  	for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
1519  		f := typ.Field(i)
1520  		if f.PkgPath == "" && !checkMapstructureTags { // check for unexported fields
1521  			return true
1522  		}
1523  		if checkMapstructureTags && f.Tag.Get(tagName) != "" { // check for mapstructure tags inside
1524  			return true
1525  		}
1526  	}
1527  	return false
1528  }
1529  
1530  func dereferencePtrToStructIfNeeded(v reflect.Value, tagName string) reflect.Value {
1531  	if v.Kind() != reflect.Ptr || v.Elem().Kind() != reflect.Struct {
1532  		return v
1533  	}
1534  	deref := v.Elem()
1535  	derefT := deref.Type()
1536  	if isStructTypeConvertibleToMap(derefT, true, tagName) {
1537  		return deref
1538  	}
1539  	return v
1540  }
1541