difflib.go raw

   1  // Package difflib is a partial port of Python difflib module.
   2  //
   3  // It provides tools to compare sequences of strings and generate textual diffs.
   4  //
   5  // The following class and functions have been ported:
   6  //
   7  // - SequenceMatcher
   8  //
   9  // - unified_diff
  10  //
  11  // - context_diff
  12  //
  13  // Getting unified diffs was the main goal of the port. Keep in mind this code
  14  // is mostly suitable to output text differences in a human friendly way, there
  15  // are no guarantees generated diffs are consumable by patch(1).
  16  package difflib
  17  
  18  import (
  19  	"bufio"
  20  	"bytes"
  21  	"fmt"
  22  	"io"
  23  	"strings"
  24  )
  25  
  26  func min(a, b int) int {
  27  	if a < b {
  28  		return a
  29  	}
  30  	return b
  31  }
  32  
  33  func max(a, b int) int {
  34  	if a > b {
  35  		return a
  36  	}
  37  	return b
  38  }
  39  
  40  func calculateRatio(matches, length int) float64 {
  41  	if length > 0 {
  42  		return 2.0 * float64(matches) / float64(length)
  43  	}
  44  	return 1.0
  45  }
  46  
  47  type Match struct {
  48  	A    int
  49  	B    int
  50  	Size int
  51  }
  52  
  53  type OpCode struct {
  54  	Tag byte
  55  	I1  int
  56  	I2  int
  57  	J1  int
  58  	J2  int
  59  }
  60  
  61  // SequenceMatcher compares sequence of strings. The basic
  62  // algorithm predates, and is a little fancier than, an algorithm
  63  // published in the late 1980's by Ratcliff and Obershelp under the
  64  // hyperbolic name "gestalt pattern matching".  The basic idea is to find
  65  // the longest contiguous matching subsequence that contains no "junk"
  66  // elements (R-O doesn't address junk).  The same idea is then applied
  67  // recursively to the pieces of the sequences to the left and to the right
  68  // of the matching subsequence.  This does not yield minimal edit
  69  // sequences, but does tend to yield matches that "look right" to people.
  70  //
  71  // SequenceMatcher tries to compute a "human-friendly diff" between two
  72  // sequences.  Unlike e.g. UNIX(tm) diff, the fundamental notion is the
  73  // longest *contiguous* & junk-free matching subsequence.  That's what
  74  // catches peoples' eyes.  The Windows(tm) windiff has another interesting
  75  // notion, pairing up elements that appear uniquely in each sequence.
  76  // That, and the method here, appear to yield more intuitive difference
  77  // reports than does diff.  This method appears to be the least vulnerable
  78  // to synching up on blocks of "junk lines", though (like blank lines in
  79  // ordinary text files, or maybe "<P>" lines in HTML files).  That may be
  80  // because this is the only method of the 3 that has a *concept* of
  81  // "junk" <wink>.
  82  //
  83  // Timing:  Basic R-O is cubic time worst case and quadratic time expected
  84  // case.  SequenceMatcher is quadratic time for the worst case and has
  85  // expected-case behavior dependent in a complicated way on how many
  86  // elements the sequences have in common; best case time is linear.
  87  type SequenceMatcher struct {
  88  	a              []string
  89  	b              []string
  90  	b2j            map[string][]int
  91  	IsJunk         func(string) bool
  92  	autoJunk       bool
  93  	bJunk          map[string]struct{}
  94  	matchingBlocks []Match
  95  	fullBCount     map[string]int
  96  	bPopular       map[string]struct{}
  97  	opCodes        []OpCode
  98  }
  99  
 100  func NewMatcher(a, b []string) *SequenceMatcher {
 101  	m := SequenceMatcher{autoJunk: true}
 102  	m.SetSeqs(a, b)
 103  	return &m
 104  }
 105  
 106  func NewMatcherWithJunk(a, b []string, autoJunk bool,
 107  	isJunk func(string) bool) *SequenceMatcher {
 108  
 109  	m := SequenceMatcher{IsJunk: isJunk, autoJunk: autoJunk}
 110  	m.SetSeqs(a, b)
 111  	return &m
 112  }
 113  
 114  // Set two sequences to be compared.
 115  func (m *SequenceMatcher) SetSeqs(a, b []string) {
 116  	m.SetSeq1(a)
 117  	m.SetSeq2(b)
 118  }
 119  
 120  // Set the first sequence to be compared. The second sequence to be compared is
 121  // not changed.
 122  //
 123  // SequenceMatcher computes and caches detailed information about the second
 124  // sequence, so if you want to compare one sequence S against many sequences,
 125  // use .SetSeq2(s) once and call .SetSeq1(x) repeatedly for each of the other
 126  // sequences.
 127  //
 128  // See also SetSeqs() and SetSeq2().
 129  func (m *SequenceMatcher) SetSeq1(a []string) {
 130  	if &a == &m.a {
 131  		return
 132  	}
 133  	m.a = a
 134  	m.matchingBlocks = nil
 135  	m.opCodes = nil
 136  }
 137  
 138  // Set the second sequence to be compared. The first sequence to be compared is
 139  // not changed.
 140  func (m *SequenceMatcher) SetSeq2(b []string) {
 141  	if &b == &m.b {
 142  		return
 143  	}
 144  	m.b = b
 145  	m.matchingBlocks = nil
 146  	m.opCodes = nil
 147  	m.fullBCount = nil
 148  	m.chainB()
 149  }
 150  
 151  func (m *SequenceMatcher) chainB() {
 152  	// Populate line -> index mapping
 153  	b2j := map[string][]int{}
 154  	for i, s := range m.b {
 155  		indices := b2j[s]
 156  		indices = append(indices, i)
 157  		b2j[s] = indices
 158  	}
 159  
 160  	// Purge junk elements
 161  	m.bJunk = map[string]struct{}{}
 162  	if m.IsJunk != nil {
 163  		junk := m.bJunk
 164  		for s, _ := range b2j {
 165  			if m.IsJunk(s) {
 166  				junk[s] = struct{}{}
 167  			}
 168  		}
 169  		for s, _ := range junk {
 170  			delete(b2j, s)
 171  		}
 172  	}
 173  
 174  	// Purge remaining popular elements
 175  	popular := map[string]struct{}{}
 176  	n := len(m.b)
 177  	if m.autoJunk && n >= 200 {
 178  		ntest := n/100 + 1
 179  		for s, indices := range b2j {
 180  			if len(indices) > ntest {
 181  				popular[s] = struct{}{}
 182  			}
 183  		}
 184  		for s, _ := range popular {
 185  			delete(b2j, s)
 186  		}
 187  	}
 188  	m.bPopular = popular
 189  	m.b2j = b2j
 190  }
 191  
 192  func (m *SequenceMatcher) isBJunk(s string) bool {
 193  	_, ok := m.bJunk[s]
 194  	return ok
 195  }
 196  
 197  // Find longest matching block in a[alo:ahi] and b[blo:bhi].
 198  //
 199  // If IsJunk is not defined:
 200  //
 201  // Return (i,j,k) such that a[i:i+k] is equal to b[j:j+k], where
 202  //     alo <= i <= i+k <= ahi
 203  //     blo <= j <= j+k <= bhi
 204  // and for all (i',j',k') meeting those conditions,
 205  //     k >= k'
 206  //     i <= i'
 207  //     and if i == i', j <= j'
 208  //
 209  // In other words, of all maximal matching blocks, return one that
 210  // starts earliest in a, and of all those maximal matching blocks that
 211  // start earliest in a, return the one that starts earliest in b.
 212  //
 213  // If IsJunk is defined, first the longest matching block is
 214  // determined as above, but with the additional restriction that no
 215  // junk element appears in the block.  Then that block is extended as
 216  // far as possible by matching (only) junk elements on both sides.  So
 217  // the resulting block never matches on junk except as identical junk
 218  // happens to be adjacent to an "interesting" match.
 219  //
 220  // If no blocks match, return (alo, blo, 0).
 221  func (m *SequenceMatcher) findLongestMatch(alo, ahi, blo, bhi int) Match {
 222  	// CAUTION:  stripping common prefix or suffix would be incorrect.
 223  	// E.g.,
 224  	//    ab
 225  	//    acab
 226  	// Longest matching block is "ab", but if common prefix is
 227  	// stripped, it's "a" (tied with "b").  UNIX(tm) diff does so
 228  	// strip, so ends up claiming that ab is changed to acab by
 229  	// inserting "ca" in the middle.  That's minimal but unintuitive:
 230  	// "it's obvious" that someone inserted "ac" at the front.
 231  	// Windiff ends up at the same place as diff, but by pairing up
 232  	// the unique 'b's and then matching the first two 'a's.
 233  	besti, bestj, bestsize := alo, blo, 0
 234  
 235  	// find longest junk-free match
 236  	// during an iteration of the loop, j2len[j] = length of longest
 237  	// junk-free match ending with a[i-1] and b[j]
 238  	j2len := map[int]int{}
 239  	for i := alo; i != ahi; i++ {
 240  		// look at all instances of a[i] in b; note that because
 241  		// b2j has no junk keys, the loop is skipped if a[i] is junk
 242  		newj2len := map[int]int{}
 243  		for _, j := range m.b2j[m.a[i]] {
 244  			// a[i] matches b[j]
 245  			if j < blo {
 246  				continue
 247  			}
 248  			if j >= bhi {
 249  				break
 250  			}
 251  			k := j2len[j-1] + 1
 252  			newj2len[j] = k
 253  			if k > bestsize {
 254  				besti, bestj, bestsize = i-k+1, j-k+1, k
 255  			}
 256  		}
 257  		j2len = newj2len
 258  	}
 259  
 260  	// Extend the best by non-junk elements on each end.  In particular,
 261  	// "popular" non-junk elements aren't in b2j, which greatly speeds
 262  	// the inner loop above, but also means "the best" match so far
 263  	// doesn't contain any junk *or* popular non-junk elements.
 264  	for besti > alo && bestj > blo && !m.isBJunk(m.b[bestj-1]) &&
 265  		m.a[besti-1] == m.b[bestj-1] {
 266  		besti, bestj, bestsize = besti-1, bestj-1, bestsize+1
 267  	}
 268  	for besti+bestsize < ahi && bestj+bestsize < bhi &&
 269  		!m.isBJunk(m.b[bestj+bestsize]) &&
 270  		m.a[besti+bestsize] == m.b[bestj+bestsize] {
 271  		bestsize += 1
 272  	}
 273  
 274  	// Now that we have a wholly interesting match (albeit possibly
 275  	// empty!), we may as well suck up the matching junk on each
 276  	// side of it too.  Can't think of a good reason not to, and it
 277  	// saves post-processing the (possibly considerable) expense of
 278  	// figuring out what to do with it.  In the case of an empty
 279  	// interesting match, this is clearly the right thing to do,
 280  	// because no other kind of match is possible in the regions.
 281  	for besti > alo && bestj > blo && m.isBJunk(m.b[bestj-1]) &&
 282  		m.a[besti-1] == m.b[bestj-1] {
 283  		besti, bestj, bestsize = besti-1, bestj-1, bestsize+1
 284  	}
 285  	for besti+bestsize < ahi && bestj+bestsize < bhi &&
 286  		m.isBJunk(m.b[bestj+bestsize]) &&
 287  		m.a[besti+bestsize] == m.b[bestj+bestsize] {
 288  		bestsize += 1
 289  	}
 290  
 291  	return Match{A: besti, B: bestj, Size: bestsize}
 292  }
 293  
 294  // Return list of triples describing matching subsequences.
 295  //
 296  // Each triple is of the form (i, j, n), and means that
 297  // a[i:i+n] == b[j:j+n].  The triples are monotonically increasing in
 298  // i and in j. It's also guaranteed that if (i, j, n) and (i', j', n') are
 299  // adjacent triples in the list, and the second is not the last triple in the
 300  // list, then i+n != i' or j+n != j'. IOW, adjacent triples never describe
 301  // adjacent equal blocks.
 302  //
 303  // The last triple is a dummy, (len(a), len(b), 0), and is the only
 304  // triple with n==0.
 305  func (m *SequenceMatcher) GetMatchingBlocks() []Match {
 306  	if m.matchingBlocks != nil {
 307  		return m.matchingBlocks
 308  	}
 309  
 310  	var matchBlocks func(alo, ahi, blo, bhi int, matched []Match) []Match
 311  	matchBlocks = func(alo, ahi, blo, bhi int, matched []Match) []Match {
 312  		match := m.findLongestMatch(alo, ahi, blo, bhi)
 313  		i, j, k := match.A, match.B, match.Size
 314  		if match.Size > 0 {
 315  			if alo < i && blo < j {
 316  				matched = matchBlocks(alo, i, blo, j, matched)
 317  			}
 318  			matched = append(matched, match)
 319  			if i+k < ahi && j+k < bhi {
 320  				matched = matchBlocks(i+k, ahi, j+k, bhi, matched)
 321  			}
 322  		}
 323  		return matched
 324  	}
 325  	matched := matchBlocks(0, len(m.a), 0, len(m.b), nil)
 326  
 327  	// It's possible that we have adjacent equal blocks in the
 328  	// matching_blocks list now.
 329  	nonAdjacent := []Match{}
 330  	i1, j1, k1 := 0, 0, 0
 331  	for _, b := range matched {
 332  		// Is this block adjacent to i1, j1, k1?
 333  		i2, j2, k2 := b.A, b.B, b.Size
 334  		if i1+k1 == i2 && j1+k1 == j2 {
 335  			// Yes, so collapse them -- this just increases the length of
 336  			// the first block by the length of the second, and the first
 337  			// block so lengthened remains the block to compare against.
 338  			k1 += k2
 339  		} else {
 340  			// Not adjacent.  Remember the first block (k1==0 means it's
 341  			// the dummy we started with), and make the second block the
 342  			// new block to compare against.
 343  			if k1 > 0 {
 344  				nonAdjacent = append(nonAdjacent, Match{i1, j1, k1})
 345  			}
 346  			i1, j1, k1 = i2, j2, k2
 347  		}
 348  	}
 349  	if k1 > 0 {
 350  		nonAdjacent = append(nonAdjacent, Match{i1, j1, k1})
 351  	}
 352  
 353  	nonAdjacent = append(nonAdjacent, Match{len(m.a), len(m.b), 0})
 354  	m.matchingBlocks = nonAdjacent
 355  	return m.matchingBlocks
 356  }
 357  
 358  // Return list of 5-tuples describing how to turn a into b.
 359  //
 360  // Each tuple is of the form (tag, i1, i2, j1, j2).  The first tuple
 361  // has i1 == j1 == 0, and remaining tuples have i1 == the i2 from the
 362  // tuple preceding it, and likewise for j1 == the previous j2.
 363  //
 364  // The tags are characters, with these meanings:
 365  //
 366  // 'r' (replace):  a[i1:i2] should be replaced by b[j1:j2]
 367  //
 368  // 'd' (delete):   a[i1:i2] should be deleted, j1==j2 in this case.
 369  //
 370  // 'i' (insert):   b[j1:j2] should be inserted at a[i1:i1], i1==i2 in this case.
 371  //
 372  // 'e' (equal):    a[i1:i2] == b[j1:j2]
 373  func (m *SequenceMatcher) GetOpCodes() []OpCode {
 374  	if m.opCodes != nil {
 375  		return m.opCodes
 376  	}
 377  	i, j := 0, 0
 378  	matching := m.GetMatchingBlocks()
 379  	opCodes := make([]OpCode, 0, len(matching))
 380  	for _, m := range matching {
 381  		//  invariant:  we've pumped out correct diffs to change
 382  		//  a[:i] into b[:j], and the next matching block is
 383  		//  a[ai:ai+size] == b[bj:bj+size]. So we need to pump
 384  		//  out a diff to change a[i:ai] into b[j:bj], pump out
 385  		//  the matching block, and move (i,j) beyond the match
 386  		ai, bj, size := m.A, m.B, m.Size
 387  		tag := byte(0)
 388  		if i < ai && j < bj {
 389  			tag = 'r'
 390  		} else if i < ai {
 391  			tag = 'd'
 392  		} else if j < bj {
 393  			tag = 'i'
 394  		}
 395  		if tag > 0 {
 396  			opCodes = append(opCodes, OpCode{tag, i, ai, j, bj})
 397  		}
 398  		i, j = ai+size, bj+size
 399  		// the list of matching blocks is terminated by a
 400  		// sentinel with size 0
 401  		if size > 0 {
 402  			opCodes = append(opCodes, OpCode{'e', ai, i, bj, j})
 403  		}
 404  	}
 405  	m.opCodes = opCodes
 406  	return m.opCodes
 407  }
 408  
 409  // Isolate change clusters by eliminating ranges with no changes.
 410  //
 411  // Return a generator of groups with up to n lines of context.
 412  // Each group is in the same format as returned by GetOpCodes().
 413  func (m *SequenceMatcher) GetGroupedOpCodes(n int) [][]OpCode {
 414  	if n < 0 {
 415  		n = 3
 416  	}
 417  	codes := m.GetOpCodes()
 418  	if len(codes) == 0 {
 419  		codes = []OpCode{OpCode{'e', 0, 1, 0, 1}}
 420  	}
 421  	// Fixup leading and trailing groups if they show no changes.
 422  	if codes[0].Tag == 'e' {
 423  		c := codes[0]
 424  		i1, i2, j1, j2 := c.I1, c.I2, c.J1, c.J2
 425  		codes[0] = OpCode{c.Tag, max(i1, i2-n), i2, max(j1, j2-n), j2}
 426  	}
 427  	if codes[len(codes)-1].Tag == 'e' {
 428  		c := codes[len(codes)-1]
 429  		i1, i2, j1, j2 := c.I1, c.I2, c.J1, c.J2
 430  		codes[len(codes)-1] = OpCode{c.Tag, i1, min(i2, i1+n), j1, min(j2, j1+n)}
 431  	}
 432  	nn := n + n
 433  	groups := [][]OpCode{}
 434  	group := []OpCode{}
 435  	for _, c := range codes {
 436  		i1, i2, j1, j2 := c.I1, c.I2, c.J1, c.J2
 437  		// End the current group and start a new one whenever
 438  		// there is a large range with no changes.
 439  		if c.Tag == 'e' && i2-i1 > nn {
 440  			group = append(group, OpCode{c.Tag, i1, min(i2, i1+n),
 441  				j1, min(j2, j1+n)})
 442  			groups = append(groups, group)
 443  			group = []OpCode{}
 444  			i1, j1 = max(i1, i2-n), max(j1, j2-n)
 445  		}
 446  		group = append(group, OpCode{c.Tag, i1, i2, j1, j2})
 447  	}
 448  	if len(group) > 0 && !(len(group) == 1 && group[0].Tag == 'e') {
 449  		groups = append(groups, group)
 450  	}
 451  	return groups
 452  }
 453  
 454  // Return a measure of the sequences' similarity (float in [0,1]).
 455  //
 456  // Where T is the total number of elements in both sequences, and
 457  // M is the number of matches, this is 2.0*M / T.
 458  // Note that this is 1 if the sequences are identical, and 0 if
 459  // they have nothing in common.
 460  //
 461  // .Ratio() is expensive to compute if you haven't already computed
 462  // .GetMatchingBlocks() or .GetOpCodes(), in which case you may
 463  // want to try .QuickRatio() or .RealQuickRation() first to get an
 464  // upper bound.
 465  func (m *SequenceMatcher) Ratio() float64 {
 466  	matches := 0
 467  	for _, m := range m.GetMatchingBlocks() {
 468  		matches += m.Size
 469  	}
 470  	return calculateRatio(matches, len(m.a)+len(m.b))
 471  }
 472  
 473  // Return an upper bound on ratio() relatively quickly.
 474  //
 475  // This isn't defined beyond that it is an upper bound on .Ratio(), and
 476  // is faster to compute.
 477  func (m *SequenceMatcher) QuickRatio() float64 {
 478  	// viewing a and b as multisets, set matches to the cardinality
 479  	// of their intersection; this counts the number of matches
 480  	// without regard to order, so is clearly an upper bound
 481  	if m.fullBCount == nil {
 482  		m.fullBCount = map[string]int{}
 483  		for _, s := range m.b {
 484  			m.fullBCount[s] = m.fullBCount[s] + 1
 485  		}
 486  	}
 487  
 488  	// avail[x] is the number of times x appears in 'b' less the
 489  	// number of times we've seen it in 'a' so far ... kinda
 490  	avail := map[string]int{}
 491  	matches := 0
 492  	for _, s := range m.a {
 493  		n, ok := avail[s]
 494  		if !ok {
 495  			n = m.fullBCount[s]
 496  		}
 497  		avail[s] = n - 1
 498  		if n > 0 {
 499  			matches += 1
 500  		}
 501  	}
 502  	return calculateRatio(matches, len(m.a)+len(m.b))
 503  }
 504  
 505  // Return an upper bound on ratio() very quickly.
 506  //
 507  // This isn't defined beyond that it is an upper bound on .Ratio(), and
 508  // is faster to compute than either .Ratio() or .QuickRatio().
 509  func (m *SequenceMatcher) RealQuickRatio() float64 {
 510  	la, lb := len(m.a), len(m.b)
 511  	return calculateRatio(min(la, lb), la+lb)
 512  }
 513  
 514  // Convert range to the "ed" format
 515  func formatRangeUnified(start, stop int) string {
 516  	// Per the diff spec at http://www.unix.org/single_unix_specification/
 517  	beginning := start + 1 // lines start numbering with one
 518  	length := stop - start
 519  	if length == 1 {
 520  		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", beginning)
 521  	}
 522  	if length == 0 {
 523  		beginning -= 1 // empty ranges begin at line just before the range
 524  	}
 525  	return fmt.Sprintf("%d,%d", beginning, length)
 526  }
 527  
 528  // Unified diff parameters
 529  type UnifiedDiff struct {
 530  	A        []string // First sequence lines
 531  	FromFile string   // First file name
 532  	FromDate string   // First file time
 533  	B        []string // Second sequence lines
 534  	ToFile   string   // Second file name
 535  	ToDate   string   // Second file time
 536  	Eol      string   // Headers end of line, defaults to LF
 537  	Context  int      // Number of context lines
 538  }
 539  
 540  // Compare two sequences of lines; generate the delta as a unified diff.
 541  //
 542  // Unified diffs are a compact way of showing line changes and a few
 543  // lines of context.  The number of context lines is set by 'n' which
 544  // defaults to three.
 545  //
 546  // By default, the diff control lines (those with ---, +++, or @@) are
 547  // created with a trailing newline.  This is helpful so that inputs
 548  // created from file.readlines() result in diffs that are suitable for
 549  // file.writelines() since both the inputs and outputs have trailing
 550  // newlines.
 551  //
 552  // For inputs that do not have trailing newlines, set the lineterm
 553  // argument to "" so that the output will be uniformly newline free.
 554  //
 555  // The unidiff format normally has a header for filenames and modification
 556  // times.  Any or all of these may be specified using strings for
 557  // 'fromfile', 'tofile', 'fromfiledate', and 'tofiledate'.
 558  // The modification times are normally expressed in the ISO 8601 format.
 559  func WriteUnifiedDiff(writer io.Writer, diff UnifiedDiff) error {
 560  	buf := bufio.NewWriter(writer)
 561  	defer buf.Flush()
 562  	wf := func(format string, args ...interface{}) error {
 563  		_, err := buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...))
 564  		return err
 565  	}
 566  	ws := func(s string) error {
 567  		_, err := buf.WriteString(s)
 568  		return err
 569  	}
 570  
 571  	if len(diff.Eol) == 0 {
 572  		diff.Eol = "\n"
 573  	}
 574  
 575  	started := false
 576  	m := NewMatcher(diff.A, diff.B)
 577  	for _, g := range m.GetGroupedOpCodes(diff.Context) {
 578  		if !started {
 579  			started = true
 580  			fromDate := ""
 581  			if len(diff.FromDate) > 0 {
 582  				fromDate = "\t" + diff.FromDate
 583  			}
 584  			toDate := ""
 585  			if len(diff.ToDate) > 0 {
 586  				toDate = "\t" + diff.ToDate
 587  			}
 588  			if diff.FromFile != "" || diff.ToFile != "" {
 589  				err := wf("--- %s%s%s", diff.FromFile, fromDate, diff.Eol)
 590  				if err != nil {
 591  					return err
 592  				}
 593  				err = wf("+++ %s%s%s", diff.ToFile, toDate, diff.Eol)
 594  				if err != nil {
 595  					return err
 596  				}
 597  			}
 598  		}
 599  		first, last := g[0], g[len(g)-1]
 600  		range1 := formatRangeUnified(first.I1, last.I2)
 601  		range2 := formatRangeUnified(first.J1, last.J2)
 602  		if err := wf("@@ -%s +%s @@%s", range1, range2, diff.Eol); err != nil {
 603  			return err
 604  		}
 605  		for _, c := range g {
 606  			i1, i2, j1, j2 := c.I1, c.I2, c.J1, c.J2
 607  			if c.Tag == 'e' {
 608  				for _, line := range diff.A[i1:i2] {
 609  					if err := ws(" " + line); err != nil {
 610  						return err
 611  					}
 612  				}
 613  				continue
 614  			}
 615  			if c.Tag == 'r' || c.Tag == 'd' {
 616  				for _, line := range diff.A[i1:i2] {
 617  					if err := ws("-" + line); err != nil {
 618  						return err
 619  					}
 620  				}
 621  			}
 622  			if c.Tag == 'r' || c.Tag == 'i' {
 623  				for _, line := range diff.B[j1:j2] {
 624  					if err := ws("+" + line); err != nil {
 625  						return err
 626  					}
 627  				}
 628  			}
 629  		}
 630  	}
 631  	return nil
 632  }
 633  
 634  // Like WriteUnifiedDiff but returns the diff a string.
 635  func GetUnifiedDiffString(diff UnifiedDiff) (string, error) {
 636  	w := &bytes.Buffer{}
 637  	err := WriteUnifiedDiff(w, diff)
 638  	return string(w.Bytes()), err
 639  }
 640  
 641  // Convert range to the "ed" format.
 642  func formatRangeContext(start, stop int) string {
 643  	// Per the diff spec at http://www.unix.org/single_unix_specification/
 644  	beginning := start + 1 // lines start numbering with one
 645  	length := stop - start
 646  	if length == 0 {
 647  		beginning -= 1 // empty ranges begin at line just before the range
 648  	}
 649  	if length <= 1 {
 650  		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", beginning)
 651  	}
 652  	return fmt.Sprintf("%d,%d", beginning, beginning+length-1)
 653  }
 654  
 655  type ContextDiff UnifiedDiff
 656  
 657  // Compare two sequences of lines; generate the delta as a context diff.
 658  //
 659  // Context diffs are a compact way of showing line changes and a few
 660  // lines of context. The number of context lines is set by diff.Context
 661  // which defaults to three.
 662  //
 663  // By default, the diff control lines (those with *** or ---) are
 664  // created with a trailing newline.
 665  //
 666  // For inputs that do not have trailing newlines, set the diff.Eol
 667  // argument to "" so that the output will be uniformly newline free.
 668  //
 669  // The context diff format normally has a header for filenames and
 670  // modification times.  Any or all of these may be specified using
 671  // strings for diff.FromFile, diff.ToFile, diff.FromDate, diff.ToDate.
 672  // The modification times are normally expressed in the ISO 8601 format.
 673  // If not specified, the strings default to blanks.
 674  func WriteContextDiff(writer io.Writer, diff ContextDiff) error {
 675  	buf := bufio.NewWriter(writer)
 676  	defer buf.Flush()
 677  	var diffErr error
 678  	wf := func(format string, args ...interface{}) {
 679  		_, err := buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...))
 680  		if diffErr == nil && err != nil {
 681  			diffErr = err
 682  		}
 683  	}
 684  	ws := func(s string) {
 685  		_, err := buf.WriteString(s)
 686  		if diffErr == nil && err != nil {
 687  			diffErr = err
 688  		}
 689  	}
 690  
 691  	if len(diff.Eol) == 0 {
 692  		diff.Eol = "\n"
 693  	}
 694  
 695  	prefix := map[byte]string{
 696  		'i': "+ ",
 697  		'd': "- ",
 698  		'r': "! ",
 699  		'e': "  ",
 700  	}
 701  
 702  	started := false
 703  	m := NewMatcher(diff.A, diff.B)
 704  	for _, g := range m.GetGroupedOpCodes(diff.Context) {
 705  		if !started {
 706  			started = true
 707  			fromDate := ""
 708  			if len(diff.FromDate) > 0 {
 709  				fromDate = "\t" + diff.FromDate
 710  			}
 711  			toDate := ""
 712  			if len(diff.ToDate) > 0 {
 713  				toDate = "\t" + diff.ToDate
 714  			}
 715  			if diff.FromFile != "" || diff.ToFile != "" {
 716  				wf("*** %s%s%s", diff.FromFile, fromDate, diff.Eol)
 717  				wf("--- %s%s%s", diff.ToFile, toDate, diff.Eol)
 718  			}
 719  		}
 720  
 721  		first, last := g[0], g[len(g)-1]
 722  		ws("***************" + diff.Eol)
 723  
 724  		range1 := formatRangeContext(first.I1, last.I2)
 725  		wf("*** %s ****%s", range1, diff.Eol)
 726  		for _, c := range g {
 727  			if c.Tag == 'r' || c.Tag == 'd' {
 728  				for _, cc := range g {
 729  					if cc.Tag == 'i' {
 730  						continue
 731  					}
 732  					for _, line := range diff.A[cc.I1:cc.I2] {
 733  						ws(prefix[cc.Tag] + line)
 734  					}
 735  				}
 736  				break
 737  			}
 738  		}
 739  
 740  		range2 := formatRangeContext(first.J1, last.J2)
 741  		wf("--- %s ----%s", range2, diff.Eol)
 742  		for _, c := range g {
 743  			if c.Tag == 'r' || c.Tag == 'i' {
 744  				for _, cc := range g {
 745  					if cc.Tag == 'd' {
 746  						continue
 747  					}
 748  					for _, line := range diff.B[cc.J1:cc.J2] {
 749  						ws(prefix[cc.Tag] + line)
 750  					}
 751  				}
 752  				break
 753  			}
 754  		}
 755  	}
 756  	return diffErr
 757  }
 758  
 759  // Like WriteContextDiff but returns the diff a string.
 760  func GetContextDiffString(diff ContextDiff) (string, error) {
 761  	w := &bytes.Buffer{}
 762  	err := WriteContextDiff(w, diff)
 763  	return string(w.Bytes()), err
 764  }
 765  
 766  // Split a string on "\n" while preserving them. The output can be used
 767  // as input for UnifiedDiff and ContextDiff structures.
 768  func SplitLines(s string) []string {
 769  	lines := strings.SplitAfter(s, "\n")
 770  	lines[len(lines)-1] += "\n"
 771  	return lines
 772  }
 773