1 # :zap: zap [![GoDoc][doc-img]][doc] [![Build Status][ci-img]][ci] [![Coverage Status][cov-img]][cov]
2 3 <div align="center">
4 5 Blazing fast, structured, leveled logging in Go.
6 7 
8 9 [![GoDoc][doc-img]][doc] [![Build Status][ci-img]][ci] [![Coverage Status][cov-img]][cov]
10 11 </div>
12 13 ## Installation
14 15 `go get -u go.uber.org/zap`
16 17 Note that zap only supports the two most recent minor versions of Go.
18 19 ## Quick Start
20 21 In contexts where performance is nice, but not critical, use the
22 `SugaredLogger`. It's 4-10x faster than other structured logging
23 packages and includes both structured and `printf`-style APIs.
24 25 ```go
26 logger, _ := zap.NewProduction()
27 defer logger.Sync() // flushes buffer, if any
28 sugar := logger.Sugar()
29 sugar.Infow("failed to fetch URL",
30 // Structured context as loosely typed key-value pairs.
31 "url", url,
32 "attempt", 3,
33 "backoff", time.Second,
34 )
35 sugar.Infof("Failed to fetch URL: %s", url)
36 ```
37 38 When performance and type safety are critical, use the `Logger`. It's even
39 faster than the `SugaredLogger` and allocates far less, but it only supports
40 structured logging.
41 42 ```go
43 logger, _ := zap.NewProduction()
44 defer logger.Sync()
45 logger.Info("failed to fetch URL",
46 // Structured context as strongly typed Field values.
47 zap.String("url", url),
48 zap.Int("attempt", 3),
49 zap.Duration("backoff", time.Second),
50 )
51 ```
52 53 See the [documentation][doc] and [FAQ](FAQ.md) for more details.
54 55 ## Performance
56 57 For applications that log in the hot path, reflection-based serialization and
58 string formatting are prohibitively expensive — they're CPU-intensive
59 and make many small allocations. Put differently, using `encoding/json` and
60 `fmt.Fprintf` to log tons of `interface{}`s makes your application slow.
61 62 Zap takes a different approach. It includes a reflection-free, zero-allocation
63 JSON encoder, and the base `Logger` strives to avoid serialization overhead
64 and allocations wherever possible. By building the high-level `SugaredLogger`
65 on that foundation, zap lets users *choose* when they need to count every
66 allocation and when they'd prefer a more familiar, loosely typed API.
67 68 As measured by its own [benchmarking suite][], not only is zap more performant
69 than comparable structured logging packages — it's also faster than the
70 standard library. Like all benchmarks, take these with a grain of salt.<sup
71 id="anchor-versions">[1](#footnote-versions)</sup>
72 73 Log a message and 10 fields:
74 75 {{.BenchmarkAddingFields}}
76 77 Log a message with a logger that already has 10 fields of context:
78 79 {{.BenchmarkAccumulatedContext}}
80 81 Log a static string, without any context or `printf`-style templating:
82 83 {{.BenchmarkWithoutFields}}
84 85 ## Development Status: Stable
86 87 All APIs are finalized, and no breaking changes will be made in the 1.x series
88 of releases. Users of semver-aware dependency management systems should pin
89 zap to `^1`.
90 91 ## Contributing
92 93 We encourage and support an active, healthy community of contributors —
94 including you! Details are in the [contribution guide](CONTRIBUTING.md) and
95 the [code of conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md). The zap maintainers keep an eye on
96 issues and pull requests, but you can also report any negative conduct to
97 oss-conduct@uber.com. That email list is a private, safe space; even the zap
98 maintainers don't have access, so don't hesitate to hold us to a high
99 standard.
100 101 <hr>
102 103 Released under the [MIT License](LICENSE).
104 105 <sup id="footnote-versions">1</sup> In particular, keep in mind that we may be
106 benchmarking against slightly older versions of other packages. Versions are
107 pinned in the [benchmarks/go.mod][] file. [↩](#anchor-versions)
108 109 [doc-img]: https://pkg.go.dev/badge/go.uber.org/zap
110 [doc]: https://pkg.go.dev/go.uber.org/zap
111 [ci-img]: https://github.com/uber-go/zap/actions/workflows/go.yml/badge.svg
112 [ci]: https://github.com/uber-go/zap/actions/workflows/go.yml
113 [cov-img]: https://codecov.io/gh/uber-go/zap/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
114 [cov]: https://codecov.io/gh/uber-go/zap
115 [benchmarking suite]: https://github.com/uber-go/zap/tree/master/benchmarks
116 [benchmarks/go.mod]: https://github.com/uber-go/zap/blob/master/benchmarks/go.mod
117 118