hkdf.go raw

   1  // Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
   2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
   3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
   4  
   5  // Package hkdf implements the HMAC-based Extract-and-Expand Key Derivation
   6  // Function (HKDF) as defined in RFC 5869.
   7  //
   8  // HKDF is a cryptographic key derivation function (KDF) with the goal of
   9  // expanding limited input keying material into one or more cryptographically
  10  // strong secret keys.
  11  package hkdf
  12  
  13  import (
  14  	"crypto/hmac"
  15  	"errors"
  16  	"hash"
  17  	"io"
  18  )
  19  
  20  // Extract generates a pseudorandom key for use with Expand from an input secret
  21  // and an optional independent salt.
  22  //
  23  // Only use this function if you need to reuse the extracted key with multiple
  24  // Expand invocations and different context values. Most common scenarios,
  25  // including the generation of multiple keys, should use New instead.
  26  func Extract(hash func() hash.Hash, secret, salt []byte) []byte {
  27  	if salt == nil {
  28  		salt = make([]byte, hash().Size())
  29  	}
  30  	extractor := hmac.New(hash, salt)
  31  	extractor.Write(secret)
  32  	return extractor.Sum(nil)
  33  }
  34  
  35  type hkdf struct {
  36  	expander hash.Hash
  37  	size     int
  38  
  39  	info    []byte
  40  	counter byte
  41  
  42  	prev []byte
  43  	buf  []byte
  44  }
  45  
  46  func (f *hkdf) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
  47  	// Check whether enough data can be generated
  48  	need := len(p)
  49  	remains := len(f.buf) + int(255-f.counter+1)*f.size
  50  	if remains < need {
  51  		return 0, errors.New("hkdf: entropy limit reached")
  52  	}
  53  	// Read any leftover from the buffer
  54  	n := copy(p, f.buf)
  55  	p = p[n:]
  56  
  57  	// Fill the rest of the buffer
  58  	for len(p) > 0 {
  59  		if f.counter > 1 {
  60  			f.expander.Reset()
  61  		}
  62  		f.expander.Write(f.prev)
  63  		f.expander.Write(f.info)
  64  		f.expander.Write([]byte{f.counter})
  65  		f.prev = f.expander.Sum(f.prev[:0])
  66  		f.counter++
  67  
  68  		// Copy the new batch into p
  69  		f.buf = f.prev
  70  		n = copy(p, f.buf)
  71  		p = p[n:]
  72  	}
  73  	// Save leftovers for next run
  74  	f.buf = f.buf[n:]
  75  
  76  	return need, nil
  77  }
  78  
  79  // Expand returns a Reader, from which keys can be read, using the given
  80  // pseudorandom key and optional context info, skipping the extraction step.
  81  //
  82  // The pseudorandomKey should have been generated by Extract, or be a uniformly
  83  // random or pseudorandom cryptographically strong key. See RFC 5869, Section
  84  // 3.3. Most common scenarios will want to use New instead.
  85  func Expand(hash func() hash.Hash, pseudorandomKey, info []byte) io.Reader {
  86  	expander := hmac.New(hash, pseudorandomKey)
  87  	return &hkdf{expander, expander.Size(), info, 1, nil, nil}
  88  }
  89  
  90  // New returns a Reader, from which keys can be read, using the given hash,
  91  // secret, salt and context info. Salt and info can be nil.
  92  func New(hash func() hash.Hash, secret, salt, info []byte) io.Reader {
  93  	prk := Extract(hash, secret, salt)
  94  	return Expand(hash, prk, info)
  95  }
  96