event.mx raw

   1  // Copyright 2023 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
   2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
   3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
   4  
   5  package trace
   6  
   7  import (
   8  	"fmt"
   9  	"iter"
  10  	"math"
  11  	"strconv"
  12  	"bytes"
  13  	"time"
  14  
  15  	"internal/trace/tracev2"
  16  	"internal/trace/version"
  17  )
  18  
  19  // EventKind indicates the kind of event this is.
  20  //
  21  // Use this information to obtain a more specific event that
  22  // allows access to more detailed information.
  23  type EventKind uint16
  24  
  25  const (
  26  	EventBad EventKind = iota
  27  
  28  	// EventKindSync is an event that indicates a global synchronization
  29  	// point in the trace. At the point of a sync event, the
  30  	// trace reader can be certain that all resources (e.g. threads,
  31  	// goroutines) that have existed until that point have been enumerated.
  32  	EventSync
  33  
  34  	// EventMetric is an event that represents the value of a metric at
  35  	// a particular point in time.
  36  	EventMetric
  37  
  38  	// EventLabel attaches a label to a resource.
  39  	EventLabel
  40  
  41  	// EventStackSample represents an execution sample, indicating what a
  42  	// thread/proc/goroutine was doing at a particular point in time via
  43  	// its backtrace.
  44  	//
  45  	// Note: Samples should be considered a close approximation of
  46  	// what a thread/proc/goroutine was executing at a given point in time.
  47  	// These events may slightly contradict the situation StateTransitions
  48  	// describe, so they should only be treated as a best-effort annotation.
  49  	EventStackSample
  50  
  51  	// EventRangeBegin and EventRangeEnd are a pair of generic events representing
  52  	// a special range of time. Ranges are named and scoped to some resource
  53  	// (identified via ResourceKind). A range that has begun but has not ended
  54  	// is considered active.
  55  	//
  56  	// EvRangeBegin and EvRangeEnd will share the same name, and an End will always
  57  	// follow a Begin on the same instance of the resource. The associated
  58  	// resource ID can be obtained from the Event. ResourceNone indicates the
  59  	// range is globally scoped. That is, any goroutine/proc/thread can start or
  60  	// stop, but only one such range may be active at any given time.
  61  	//
  62  	// EventRangeActive is like EventRangeBegin, but indicates that the range was
  63  	// already active. In this case, the resource referenced may not be in the current
  64  	// context.
  65  	EventRangeBegin
  66  	EventRangeActive
  67  	EventRangeEnd
  68  
  69  	// EvTaskBegin and EvTaskEnd are a pair of events representing a runtime/trace.Task.
  70  	EventTaskBegin
  71  	EventTaskEnd
  72  
  73  	// EventRegionBegin and EventRegionEnd are a pair of events represent a runtime/trace.Region.
  74  	EventRegionBegin
  75  	EventRegionEnd
  76  
  77  	// EventLog represents a runtime/trace.Log call.
  78  	EventLog
  79  
  80  	// EventStateTransition represents a state change for some resource.
  81  	EventStateTransition
  82  
  83  	// EventExperimental is an experimental event that is unvalidated and exposed in a raw form.
  84  	// Users are expected to understand the format and perform their own validation. These events
  85  	// may always be safely ignored.
  86  	EventExperimental
  87  )
  88  
  89  // String returns a string form of the EventKind.
  90  func (e EventKind) String() string {
  91  	if int(e) >= len(eventKindStrings) {
  92  		return eventKindStrings[0]
  93  	}
  94  	return eventKindStrings[e]
  95  }
  96  
  97  var eventKindStrings = [...][]byte{
  98  	EventBad:             "Bad",
  99  	EventSync:            "Sync",
 100  	EventMetric:          "Metric",
 101  	EventLabel:           "Label",
 102  	EventStackSample:     "StackSample",
 103  	EventRangeBegin:      "RangeBegin",
 104  	EventRangeActive:     "RangeActive",
 105  	EventRangeEnd:        "RangeEnd",
 106  	EventTaskBegin:       "TaskBegin",
 107  	EventTaskEnd:         "TaskEnd",
 108  	EventRegionBegin:     "RegionBegin",
 109  	EventRegionEnd:       "RegionEnd",
 110  	EventLog:             "Log",
 111  	EventStateTransition: "StateTransition",
 112  	EventExperimental:    "Experimental",
 113  }
 114  
 115  const maxTime = Time(math.MaxInt64)
 116  
 117  // Time is a timestamp in nanoseconds.
 118  //
 119  // It corresponds to the monotonic clock on the platform that the
 120  // trace was taken, and so is possible to correlate with timestamps
 121  // for other traces taken on the same machine using the same clock
 122  // (i.e. no reboots in between).
 123  //
 124  // The actual absolute value of the timestamp is only meaningful in
 125  // relation to other timestamps from the same clock.
 126  //
 127  // BUG: Timestamps coming from traces on Windows platforms are
 128  // only comparable with timestamps from the same trace. Timestamps
 129  // across traces cannot be compared, because the system clock is
 130  // not used as of Go 1.22.
 131  //
 132  // BUG: Traces produced by Go versions 1.21 and earlier cannot be
 133  // compared with timestamps from other traces taken on the same
 134  // machine. This is because the system clock was not used at all
 135  // to collect those timestamps.
 136  type Time int64
 137  
 138  // Sub subtracts t0 from t, returning the duration in nanoseconds.
 139  func (t Time) Sub(t0 Time) time.Duration {
 140  	return time.Duration(int64(t) - int64(t0))
 141  }
 142  
 143  // Metric provides details about a Metric event.
 144  type Metric struct {
 145  	// Name is the name of the sampled metric.
 146  	//
 147  	// Names follow the same convention as metric names in the
 148  	// runtime/metrics package, meaning they include the unit.
 149  	// Names that match with the runtime/metrics package represent
 150  	// the same quantity. Note that this corresponds to the
 151  	// runtime/metrics package for the Go version this trace was
 152  	// collected for.
 153  	Name []byte
 154  
 155  	// Value is the sampled value of the metric.
 156  	//
 157  	// The Value's Kind is tied to the name of the metric, and so is
 158  	// guaranteed to be the same for metric samples for the same metric.
 159  	Value Value
 160  }
 161  
 162  // Label provides details about a Label event.
 163  type Label struct {
 164  	// Label is the label applied to some resource.
 165  	Label []byte
 166  
 167  	// Resource is the resource to which this label should be applied.
 168  	Resource ResourceID
 169  }
 170  
 171  // Range provides details about a Range event.
 172  type Range struct {
 173  	// Name is a human-readable name for the range.
 174  	//
 175  	// This name can be used to identify the end of the range for the resource
 176  	// its scoped to, because only one of each type of range may be active on
 177  	// a particular resource. The relevant resource should be obtained from the
 178  	// Event that produced these details. The corresponding RangeEnd will have
 179  	// an identical name.
 180  	Name []byte
 181  
 182  	// Scope is the resource that the range is scoped to.
 183  	//
 184  	// For example, a ResourceGoroutine scope means that the same goroutine
 185  	// must have a start and end for the range, and that goroutine can only
 186  	// have one range of a particular name active at any given time. The
 187  	// ID that this range is scoped to may be obtained via Event.Goroutine.
 188  	//
 189  	// The ResourceNone scope means that the range is globally scoped. As a
 190  	// result, any goroutine/proc/thread may start or end the range, and only
 191  	// one such named range may be active globally at any given time.
 192  	//
 193  	// For RangeBegin and RangeEnd events, this will always reference some
 194  	// resource ID in the current execution context. For RangeActive events,
 195  	// this may reference a resource not in the current context. Prefer Scope
 196  	// over the current execution context.
 197  	Scope ResourceID
 198  }
 199  
 200  // RangeAttributes provides attributes about a completed Range.
 201  type RangeAttribute struct {
 202  	// Name is the human-readable name for the range.
 203  	Name []byte
 204  
 205  	// Value is the value of the attribute.
 206  	Value Value
 207  }
 208  
 209  // TaskID is the internal ID of a task used to disambiguate tasks (even if they
 210  // are of the same type).
 211  type TaskID uint64
 212  
 213  const (
 214  	// NoTask indicates the lack of a task.
 215  	NoTask = TaskID(^uint64(0))
 216  
 217  	// BackgroundTask is the global task that events are attached to if there was
 218  	// no other task in the context at the point the event was emitted.
 219  	BackgroundTask = TaskID(0)
 220  )
 221  
 222  // Task provides details about a Task event.
 223  type Task struct {
 224  	// ID is a unique identifier for the task.
 225  	//
 226  	// This can be used to associate the beginning of a task with its end.
 227  	ID TaskID
 228  
 229  	// ParentID is the ID of the parent task.
 230  	Parent TaskID
 231  
 232  	// Type is the taskType that was passed to runtime/trace.NewTask.
 233  	//
 234  	// May be "" if a task's TaskBegin event isn't present in the trace.
 235  	Type []byte
 236  }
 237  
 238  // Region provides details about a Region event.
 239  type Region struct {
 240  	// Task is the ID of the task this region is associated with.
 241  	Task TaskID
 242  
 243  	// Type is the regionType that was passed to runtime/trace.StartRegion or runtime/trace.WithRegion.
 244  	Type []byte
 245  }
 246  
 247  // Log provides details about a Log event.
 248  type Log struct {
 249  	// Task is the ID of the task this region is associated with.
 250  	Task TaskID
 251  
 252  	// Category is the category that was passed to runtime/trace.Log or runtime/trace.Logf.
 253  	Category []byte
 254  
 255  	// Message is the message that was passed to runtime/trace.Log or runtime/trace.Logf.
 256  	Message []byte
 257  }
 258  
 259  // Stack represents a stack. It's really a handle to a stack and it's trivially comparable.
 260  //
 261  // If two Stacks are equal then their Frames are guaranteed to be identical. If they are not
 262  // equal, however, their Frames may still be equal.
 263  type Stack struct {
 264  	table *evTable
 265  	id    stackID
 266  }
 267  
 268  // Frames is an iterator over the frames in a Stack.
 269  func (s Stack) Frames() iter.Seq[StackFrame] {
 270  	return func(yield func(StackFrame) bool) {
 271  		if s.id == 0 {
 272  			return
 273  		}
 274  		stk := s.table.stacks.mustGet(s.id)
 275  		for _, pc := range stk.pcs {
 276  			f := s.table.pcs[pc]
 277  			sf := StackFrame{
 278  				PC:   f.pc,
 279  				Func: s.table.bytes.mustGet(f.funcID),
 280  				File: s.table.bytes.mustGet(f.fileID),
 281  				Line: f.line,
 282  			}
 283  			if !yield(sf) {
 284  				return
 285  			}
 286  		}
 287  	}
 288  }
 289  
 290  // NoStack is a sentinel value that can be compared against any Stack value, indicating
 291  // a lack of a stack trace.
 292  var NoStack = Stack{}
 293  
 294  // StackFrame represents a single frame of a stack.
 295  type StackFrame struct {
 296  	// PC is the program counter of the function call if this
 297  	// is not a leaf frame. If it's a leaf frame, it's the point
 298  	// at which the stack trace was taken.
 299  	PC uint64
 300  
 301  	// Func is the name of the function this frame maps to.
 302  	Func []byte
 303  
 304  	// File is the file which contains the source code of Func.
 305  	File []byte
 306  
 307  	// Line is the line number within File which maps to PC.
 308  	Line uint64
 309  }
 310  
 311  // ExperimentalEvent presents a raw view of an experimental event's arguments and their names.
 312  type ExperimentalEvent struct {
 313  	// Name is the name of the event.
 314  	Name []byte
 315  
 316  	// Experiment is the name of the experiment this event is a part of.
 317  	Experiment []byte
 318  
 319  	// Args lists the names of the event's arguments in order.
 320  	Args [][]byte
 321  
 322  	// argValues contains the raw integer arguments which are interpreted
 323  	// by ArgValue using table.
 324  	table     *evTable
 325  	argValues []uint64
 326  }
 327  
 328  // ArgValue returns a typed Value for the i'th argument in the experimental event.
 329  func (e ExperimentalEvent) ArgValue(i int) Value {
 330  	if i < 0 || i >= len(e.Args) {
 331  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("experimental event argument index %d out of bounds [0, %d)", i, len(e.Args)))
 332  	}
 333  	if bytes.HasSuffix(e.Args[i], "string") {
 334  		s := e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.argValues[i]))
 335  		return stringValue(s)
 336  	}
 337  	return uint64Value(e.argValues[i])
 338  }
 339  
 340  // ExperimentalBatch represents a packet of unparsed data along with metadata about that packet.
 341  type ExperimentalBatch struct {
 342  	// Thread is the ID of the thread that produced a packet of data.
 343  	Thread ThreadID
 344  
 345  	// Data is a packet of unparsed data all produced by one thread.
 346  	Data []byte
 347  }
 348  
 349  // Event represents a single event in the trace.
 350  type Event struct {
 351  	table *evTable
 352  	ctx   schedCtx
 353  	base  baseEvent
 354  }
 355  
 356  // Kind returns the kind of event that this is.
 357  func (e Event) Kind() EventKind {
 358  	return tracev2Type2Kind[e.base.typ]
 359  }
 360  
 361  // Time returns the timestamp of the event.
 362  func (e Event) Time() Time {
 363  	return e.base.time
 364  }
 365  
 366  // Goroutine returns the ID of the goroutine that was executing when
 367  // this event happened. It describes part of the execution context
 368  // for this event.
 369  //
 370  // Note that for goroutine state transitions this always refers to the
 371  // state before the transition. For example, if a goroutine is just
 372  // starting to run on this thread and/or proc, then this will return
 373  // NoGoroutine. In this case, the goroutine starting to run will be
 374  // can be found at Event.StateTransition().Resource.
 375  func (e Event) Goroutine() GoID {
 376  	return e.ctx.G
 377  }
 378  
 379  // Proc returns the ID of the proc this event event pertains to.
 380  //
 381  // Note that for proc state transitions this always refers to the
 382  // state before the transition. For example, if a proc is just
 383  // starting to run on this thread, then this will return NoProc.
 384  func (e Event) Proc() ProcID {
 385  	return e.ctx.P
 386  }
 387  
 388  // Thread returns the ID of the thread this event pertains to.
 389  //
 390  // Note that for thread state transitions this always refers to the
 391  // state before the transition. For example, if a thread is just
 392  // starting to run, then this will return NoThread.
 393  //
 394  // Note: tracking thread state is not currently supported, so this
 395  // will always return a valid thread ID. However thread state transitions
 396  // may be tracked in the future, and callers must be robust to this
 397  // possibility.
 398  func (e Event) Thread() ThreadID {
 399  	return e.ctx.M
 400  }
 401  
 402  // Stack returns a handle to a stack associated with the event.
 403  //
 404  // This represents a stack trace at the current moment in time for
 405  // the current execution context.
 406  func (e Event) Stack() Stack {
 407  	if e.base.typ == evSync {
 408  		return NoStack
 409  	}
 410  	if e.base.typ == tracev2.EvCPUSample {
 411  		return Stack{table: e.table, id: stackID(e.base.args[0])}
 412  	}
 413  	spec := tracev2.Specs()[e.base.typ]
 414  	if len(spec.StackIDs) == 0 {
 415  		return NoStack
 416  	}
 417  	// The stack for the main execution context is always the
 418  	// first stack listed in StackIDs. Subtract one from this
 419  	// because we've peeled away the timestamp argument.
 420  	id := stackID(e.base.args[spec.StackIDs[0]-1])
 421  	if id == 0 {
 422  		return NoStack
 423  	}
 424  	return Stack{table: e.table, id: id}
 425  }
 426  
 427  // Metric returns details about a Metric event.
 428  //
 429  // Panics if Kind != EventMetric.
 430  func (e Event) Metric() Metric {
 431  	if e.Kind() != EventMetric {
 432  		panic("Metric called on non-Metric event")
 433  	}
 434  	var m Metric
 435  	switch e.base.typ {
 436  	case tracev2.EvProcsChange:
 437  		m.Name = "/sched/gomaxprocs:threads"
 438  		m.Value = uint64Value(e.base.args[0])
 439  	case tracev2.EvHeapAlloc:
 440  		m.Name = "/memory/classes/heap/objects:bytes"
 441  		m.Value = uint64Value(e.base.args[0])
 442  	case tracev2.EvHeapGoal:
 443  		m.Name = "/gc/heap/goal:bytes"
 444  		m.Value = uint64Value(e.base.args[0])
 445  	default:
 446  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-format event type for Metric kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 447  	}
 448  	return m
 449  }
 450  
 451  // Label returns details about a Label event.
 452  //
 453  // Panics if Kind != EventLabel.
 454  func (e Event) Label() Label {
 455  	if e.Kind() != EventLabel {
 456  		panic("Label called on non-Label event")
 457  	}
 458  	if e.base.typ != tracev2.EvGoLabel {
 459  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-format event type for Label kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 460  	}
 461  	return Label{
 462  		Label:    e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[0])),
 463  		Resource: ResourceID{Kind: ResourceGoroutine, id: int64(e.ctx.G)},
 464  	}
 465  }
 466  
 467  // Range returns details about an EventRangeBegin, EventRangeActive, or EventRangeEnd event.
 468  //
 469  // Panics if Kind != EventRangeBegin, Kind != EventRangeActive, and Kind != EventRangeEnd.
 470  func (e Event) Range() Range {
 471  	if kind := e.Kind(); kind != EventRangeBegin && kind != EventRangeActive && kind != EventRangeEnd {
 472  		panic("Range called on non-Range event")
 473  	}
 474  	var r Range
 475  	switch e.base.typ {
 476  	case tracev2.EvSTWBegin, tracev2.EvSTWEnd:
 477  		// N.B. ordering.advance smuggles in the STW reason as e.base.args[0]
 478  		// for tracev2.EvSTWEnd (it's already there for Begin).
 479  		r.Name = "stop-the-world (" + e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[0])) + ")"
 480  		r.Scope = ResourceID{Kind: ResourceGoroutine, id: int64(e.Goroutine())}
 481  	case tracev2.EvGCBegin, tracev2.EvGCActive, tracev2.EvGCEnd:
 482  		r.Name = "GC concurrent mark phase"
 483  		r.Scope = ResourceID{Kind: ResourceNone}
 484  	case tracev2.EvGCSweepBegin, tracev2.EvGCSweepActive, tracev2.EvGCSweepEnd:
 485  		r.Name = "GC incremental sweep"
 486  		r.Scope = ResourceID{Kind: ResourceProc}
 487  		if e.base.typ == tracev2.EvGCSweepActive {
 488  			r.Scope.id = int64(e.base.args[0])
 489  		} else {
 490  			r.Scope.id = int64(e.Proc())
 491  		}
 492  		r.Scope.id = int64(e.Proc())
 493  	case tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistBegin, tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistActive, tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistEnd:
 494  		r.Name = "GC mark assist"
 495  		r.Scope = ResourceID{Kind: ResourceGoroutine}
 496  		if e.base.typ == tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistActive {
 497  			r.Scope.id = int64(e.base.args[0])
 498  		} else {
 499  			r.Scope.id = int64(e.Goroutine())
 500  		}
 501  	default:
 502  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-event type for Range kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 503  	}
 504  	return r
 505  }
 506  
 507  // RangeAttributes returns attributes for a completed range.
 508  //
 509  // Panics if Kind != EventRangeEnd.
 510  func (e Event) RangeAttributes() []RangeAttribute {
 511  	if e.Kind() != EventRangeEnd {
 512  		panic("Range called on non-Range event")
 513  	}
 514  	if e.base.typ != tracev2.EvGCSweepEnd {
 515  		return nil
 516  	}
 517  	return []RangeAttribute{
 518  		{
 519  			Name:  "bytes swept",
 520  			Value: uint64Value(e.base.args[0]),
 521  		},
 522  		{
 523  			Name:  "bytes reclaimed",
 524  			Value: uint64Value(e.base.args[1]),
 525  		},
 526  	}
 527  }
 528  
 529  // Task returns details about a TaskBegin or TaskEnd event.
 530  //
 531  // Panics if Kind != EventTaskBegin and Kind != EventTaskEnd.
 532  func (e Event) Task() Task {
 533  	if kind := e.Kind(); kind != EventTaskBegin && kind != EventTaskEnd {
 534  		panic("Task called on non-Task event")
 535  	}
 536  	parentID := NoTask
 537  	var typ []byte
 538  	switch e.base.typ {
 539  	case tracev2.EvUserTaskBegin:
 540  		parentID = TaskID(e.base.args[1])
 541  		typ = e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[2]))
 542  	case tracev2.EvUserTaskEnd:
 543  		parentID = TaskID(e.base.extra(version.Go122)[0])
 544  		typ = e.table.getExtraString(extraStringID(e.base.extra(version.Go122)[1]))
 545  	default:
 546  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-format event type for Task kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 547  	}
 548  	return Task{
 549  		ID:     TaskID(e.base.args[0]),
 550  		Parent: parentID,
 551  		Type:   typ,
 552  	}
 553  }
 554  
 555  // Region returns details about a RegionBegin or RegionEnd event.
 556  //
 557  // Panics if Kind != EventRegionBegin and Kind != EventRegionEnd.
 558  func (e Event) Region() Region {
 559  	if kind := e.Kind(); kind != EventRegionBegin && kind != EventRegionEnd {
 560  		panic("Region called on non-Region event")
 561  	}
 562  	if e.base.typ != tracev2.EvUserRegionBegin && e.base.typ != tracev2.EvUserRegionEnd {
 563  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-format event type for Region kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 564  	}
 565  	return Region{
 566  		Task: TaskID(e.base.args[0]),
 567  		Type: e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[1])),
 568  	}
 569  }
 570  
 571  // Log returns details about a Log event.
 572  //
 573  // Panics if Kind != EventLog.
 574  func (e Event) Log() Log {
 575  	if e.Kind() != EventLog {
 576  		panic("Log called on non-Log event")
 577  	}
 578  	if e.base.typ != tracev2.EvUserLog {
 579  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-format event type for Log kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 580  	}
 581  	return Log{
 582  		Task:     TaskID(e.base.args[0]),
 583  		Category: e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[1])),
 584  		Message:  e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[2])),
 585  	}
 586  }
 587  
 588  // StateTransition returns details about a StateTransition event.
 589  //
 590  // Panics if Kind != EventStateTransition.
 591  func (e Event) StateTransition() StateTransition {
 592  	if e.Kind() != EventStateTransition {
 593  		panic("StateTransition called on non-StateTransition event")
 594  	}
 595  	var s StateTransition
 596  	switch e.base.typ {
 597  	case tracev2.EvProcStart:
 598  		s = procStateTransition(ProcID(e.base.args[0]), ProcIdle, ProcRunning)
 599  	case tracev2.EvProcStop:
 600  		s = procStateTransition(e.ctx.P, ProcRunning, ProcIdle)
 601  	case tracev2.EvProcSteal:
 602  		// N.B. ordering.advance populates e.base.extra.
 603  		beforeState := ProcRunning
 604  		if tracev2.ProcStatus(e.base.extra(version.Go122)[0]) == tracev2.ProcSyscallAbandoned {
 605  			// We've lost information because this ProcSteal advanced on a
 606  			// SyscallAbandoned state. Treat the P as idle because ProcStatus
 607  			// treats SyscallAbandoned as Idle. Otherwise we'll have an invalid
 608  			// transition.
 609  			beforeState = ProcIdle
 610  		}
 611  		s = procStateTransition(ProcID(e.base.args[0]), beforeState, ProcIdle)
 612  	case tracev2.EvProcStatus:
 613  		// N.B. ordering.advance populates e.base.extra.
 614  		s = procStateTransition(ProcID(e.base.args[0]), ProcState(e.base.extra(version.Go122)[0]), tracev2ProcStatus2ProcState[e.base.args[1]])
 615  	case tracev2.EvGoCreate, tracev2.EvGoCreateBlocked:
 616  		status := GoRunnable
 617  		if e.base.typ == tracev2.EvGoCreateBlocked {
 618  			status = GoWaiting
 619  		}
 620  		s = goStateTransition(GoID(e.base.args[0]), GoNotExist, status)
 621  		s.Stack = Stack{table: e.table, id: stackID(e.base.args[1])}
 622  	case tracev2.EvGoCreateSyscall:
 623  		s = goStateTransition(GoID(e.base.args[0]), GoNotExist, GoSyscall)
 624  	case tracev2.EvGoStart:
 625  		s = goStateTransition(GoID(e.base.args[0]), GoRunnable, GoRunning)
 626  	case tracev2.EvGoDestroy:
 627  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoRunning, GoNotExist)
 628  		s.Stack = e.Stack() // This event references the resource the event happened on.
 629  	case tracev2.EvGoDestroySyscall:
 630  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoSyscall, GoNotExist)
 631  	case tracev2.EvGoStop:
 632  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoRunning, GoRunnable)
 633  		s.Reason = e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[0]))
 634  		s.Stack = e.Stack() // This event references the resource the event happened on.
 635  	case tracev2.EvGoBlock:
 636  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoRunning, GoWaiting)
 637  		s.Reason = e.table.bytes.mustGet(stringID(e.base.args[0]))
 638  		s.Stack = e.Stack() // This event references the resource the event happened on.
 639  	case tracev2.EvGoUnblock, tracev2.EvGoSwitch, tracev2.EvGoSwitchDestroy:
 640  		// N.B. GoSwitch and GoSwitchDestroy both emit additional events, but
 641  		// the first thing they both do is unblock the goroutine they name,
 642  		// identically to an unblock event (even their arguments match).
 643  		s = goStateTransition(GoID(e.base.args[0]), GoWaiting, GoRunnable)
 644  	case tracev2.EvGoSyscallBegin:
 645  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoRunning, GoSyscall)
 646  		s.Stack = e.Stack() // This event references the resource the event happened on.
 647  	case tracev2.EvGoSyscallEnd:
 648  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoSyscall, GoRunning)
 649  		s.Stack = e.Stack() // This event references the resource the event happened on.
 650  	case tracev2.EvGoSyscallEndBlocked:
 651  		s = goStateTransition(e.ctx.G, GoSyscall, GoRunnable)
 652  		s.Stack = e.Stack() // This event references the resource the event happened on.
 653  	case tracev2.EvGoStatus, tracev2.EvGoStatusStack:
 654  		packedStatus := e.base.args[2]
 655  		from, to := packedStatus>>32, packedStatus&((1<<32)-1)
 656  		s = goStateTransition(GoID(e.base.args[0]), GoState(from), tracev2GoStatus2GoState[to])
 657  	default:
 658  		panic(fmt.Sprintf("internal error: unexpected wire-format event type for StateTransition kind: %d", e.base.typ))
 659  	}
 660  	return s
 661  }
 662  
 663  // Sync returns details that are relevant for the following events, up to but excluding the
 664  // next EventSync event.
 665  func (e Event) Sync() Sync {
 666  	if e.Kind() != EventSync {
 667  		panic("Sync called on non-Sync event")
 668  	}
 669  	s := Sync{N: int(e.base.args[0])}
 670  	if e.table != nil {
 671  		expBatches := map[string][]ExperimentalBatch{}
 672  		for exp, batches := range e.table.expBatches {
 673  			expBatches[tracev2.Experiments()[exp]] = batches
 674  		}
 675  		s.ExperimentalBatches = expBatches
 676  		if e.table.hasClockSnapshot {
 677  			s.ClockSnapshot = &ClockSnapshot{
 678  				Trace: e.table.freq.mul(e.table.snapTime),
 679  				Wall:  e.table.snapWall,
 680  				Mono:  e.table.snapMono,
 681  			}
 682  		}
 683  	}
 684  	return s
 685  }
 686  
 687  // Sync contains details potentially relevant to all the following events, up to but excluding
 688  // the next EventSync event.
 689  type Sync struct {
 690  	// N indicates that this is the Nth sync event in the trace.
 691  	N int
 692  
 693  	// ClockSnapshot is a snapshot of different clocks taken in close in time
 694  	// that can be used to correlate trace events with data captured by other
 695  	// tools. May be nil for older trace versions.
 696  	ClockSnapshot *ClockSnapshot
 697  
 698  	// ExperimentalBatches contain all the unparsed batches of data for a given experiment.
 699  	ExperimentalBatches map[string][]ExperimentalBatch
 700  }
 701  
 702  // ClockSnapshot represents a near-simultaneous clock reading of several
 703  // different system clocks. The snapshot can be used as a reference to convert
 704  // timestamps to different clocks, which is helpful for correlating timestamps
 705  // with data captured by other tools.
 706  type ClockSnapshot struct {
 707  	// Trace is a snapshot of the trace clock.
 708  	Trace Time
 709  
 710  	// Wall is a snapshot of the system's wall clock.
 711  	Wall time.Time
 712  
 713  	// Mono is a snapshot of the system's monotonic clock.
 714  	Mono uint64
 715  }
 716  
 717  // Experimental returns a view of the raw event for an experimental event.
 718  //
 719  // Panics if Kind != EventExperimental.
 720  func (e Event) Experimental() ExperimentalEvent {
 721  	if e.Kind() != EventExperimental {
 722  		panic("Experimental called on non-Experimental event")
 723  	}
 724  	spec := tracev2.Specs()[e.base.typ]
 725  	argNames := spec.Args[1:] // Skip timestamp; already handled.
 726  	return ExperimentalEvent{
 727  		Name:       spec.Name,
 728  		Experiment: tracev2.Experiments()[spec.Experiment],
 729  		Args:       argNames,
 730  		table:      e.table,
 731  		argValues:  e.base.args[:len(argNames)],
 732  	}
 733  }
 734  
 735  const evSync = ^tracev2.EventType(0)
 736  
 737  var tracev2Type2Kind = [...]EventKind{
 738  	tracev2.EvCPUSample:           EventStackSample,
 739  	tracev2.EvProcsChange:         EventMetric,
 740  	tracev2.EvProcStart:           EventStateTransition,
 741  	tracev2.EvProcStop:            EventStateTransition,
 742  	tracev2.EvProcSteal:           EventStateTransition,
 743  	tracev2.EvProcStatus:          EventStateTransition,
 744  	tracev2.EvGoCreate:            EventStateTransition,
 745  	tracev2.EvGoCreateSyscall:     EventStateTransition,
 746  	tracev2.EvGoStart:             EventStateTransition,
 747  	tracev2.EvGoDestroy:           EventStateTransition,
 748  	tracev2.EvGoDestroySyscall:    EventStateTransition,
 749  	tracev2.EvGoStop:              EventStateTransition,
 750  	tracev2.EvGoBlock:             EventStateTransition,
 751  	tracev2.EvGoUnblock:           EventStateTransition,
 752  	tracev2.EvGoSyscallBegin:      EventStateTransition,
 753  	tracev2.EvGoSyscallEnd:        EventStateTransition,
 754  	tracev2.EvGoSyscallEndBlocked: EventStateTransition,
 755  	tracev2.EvGoStatus:            EventStateTransition,
 756  	tracev2.EvSTWBegin:            EventRangeBegin,
 757  	tracev2.EvSTWEnd:              EventRangeEnd,
 758  	tracev2.EvGCActive:            EventRangeActive,
 759  	tracev2.EvGCBegin:             EventRangeBegin,
 760  	tracev2.EvGCEnd:               EventRangeEnd,
 761  	tracev2.EvGCSweepActive:       EventRangeActive,
 762  	tracev2.EvGCSweepBegin:        EventRangeBegin,
 763  	tracev2.EvGCSweepEnd:          EventRangeEnd,
 764  	tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistActive:  EventRangeActive,
 765  	tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistBegin:   EventRangeBegin,
 766  	tracev2.EvGCMarkAssistEnd:     EventRangeEnd,
 767  	tracev2.EvHeapAlloc:           EventMetric,
 768  	tracev2.EvHeapGoal:            EventMetric,
 769  	tracev2.EvGoLabel:             EventLabel,
 770  	tracev2.EvUserTaskBegin:       EventTaskBegin,
 771  	tracev2.EvUserTaskEnd:         EventTaskEnd,
 772  	tracev2.EvUserRegionBegin:     EventRegionBegin,
 773  	tracev2.EvUserRegionEnd:       EventRegionEnd,
 774  	tracev2.EvUserLog:             EventLog,
 775  	tracev2.EvGoSwitch:            EventStateTransition,
 776  	tracev2.EvGoSwitchDestroy:     EventStateTransition,
 777  	tracev2.EvGoCreateBlocked:     EventStateTransition,
 778  	tracev2.EvGoStatusStack:       EventStateTransition,
 779  	tracev2.EvSpan:                EventExperimental,
 780  	tracev2.EvSpanAlloc:           EventExperimental,
 781  	tracev2.EvSpanFree:            EventExperimental,
 782  	tracev2.EvHeapObject:          EventExperimental,
 783  	tracev2.EvHeapObjectAlloc:     EventExperimental,
 784  	tracev2.EvHeapObjectFree:      EventExperimental,
 785  	tracev2.EvGoroutineStack:      EventExperimental,
 786  	tracev2.EvGoroutineStackAlloc: EventExperimental,
 787  	tracev2.EvGoroutineStackFree:  EventExperimental,
 788  	evSync:                        EventSync,
 789  }
 790  
 791  var tracev2GoStatus2GoState = [...]GoState{
 792  	tracev2.GoRunnable: GoRunnable,
 793  	tracev2.GoRunning:  GoRunning,
 794  	tracev2.GoWaiting:  GoWaiting,
 795  	tracev2.GoSyscall:  GoSyscall,
 796  }
 797  
 798  var tracev2ProcStatus2ProcState = [...]ProcState{
 799  	tracev2.ProcRunning:          ProcRunning,
 800  	tracev2.ProcIdle:             ProcIdle,
 801  	tracev2.ProcSyscall:          ProcRunning,
 802  	tracev2.ProcSyscallAbandoned: ProcIdle,
 803  }
 804  
 805  // String returns the event as a human-readable string.
 806  //
 807  // The format of the string is intended for debugging and is subject to change.
 808  func (e Event) String() string {
 809  	var sb bytes.Buffer
 810  	fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "M=%d P=%d G=%d", e.Thread(), e.Proc(), e.Goroutine())
 811  	fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " %s Time=%d", e.Kind(), e.Time())
 812  	// Kind-specific fields.
 813  	switch kind := e.Kind(); kind {
 814  	case EventMetric:
 815  		m := e.Metric()
 816  		v := m.Value.String()
 817  		if m.Value.Kind() == ValueString {
 818  			v = strconv.Quote(v)
 819  		}
 820  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Name=%q Value=%s", m.Name, m.Value)
 821  	case EventLabel:
 822  		l := e.Label()
 823  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Label=%q Resource=%s", l.Label, l.Resource)
 824  	case EventRangeBegin, EventRangeActive, EventRangeEnd:
 825  		r := e.Range()
 826  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Name=%q Scope=%s", r.Name, r.Scope)
 827  		if kind == EventRangeEnd {
 828  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Attributes=[")
 829  			for i, attr := range e.RangeAttributes() {
 830  				if i != 0 {
 831  					fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " ")
 832  				}
 833  				fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "%q=%s", attr.Name, attr.Value)
 834  			}
 835  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "]")
 836  		}
 837  	case EventTaskBegin, EventTaskEnd:
 838  		t := e.Task()
 839  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " ID=%d Parent=%d Type=%q", t.ID, t.Parent, t.Type)
 840  	case EventRegionBegin, EventRegionEnd:
 841  		r := e.Region()
 842  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Task=%d Type=%q", r.Task, r.Type)
 843  	case EventLog:
 844  		l := e.Log()
 845  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Task=%d Category=%q Message=%q", l.Task, l.Category, l.Message)
 846  	case EventStateTransition:
 847  		s := e.StateTransition()
 848  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Resource=%s Reason=%q", s.Resource, s.Reason)
 849  		switch s.Resource.Kind {
 850  		case ResourceGoroutine:
 851  			id := s.Resource.Goroutine()
 852  			old, new := s.Goroutine()
 853  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " GoID=%d %s->%s", id, old, new)
 854  		case ResourceProc:
 855  			id := s.Resource.Proc()
 856  			old, new := s.Proc()
 857  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " ProcID=%d %s->%s", id, old, new)
 858  		}
 859  		if s.Stack != NoStack {
 860  			fmt.Fprintln(&sb)
 861  			fmt.Fprintln(&sb, "TransitionStack=")
 862  			for f := range s.Stack.Frames() {
 863  				fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "\t%s @ 0x%x\n", f.Func, f.PC)
 864  				fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "\t\t%s:%d\n", f.File, f.Line)
 865  			}
 866  		}
 867  	case EventExperimental:
 868  		r := e.Experimental()
 869  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Name=%s Args=[", r.Name)
 870  		for i, arg := range r.Args {
 871  			if i != 0 {
 872  				fmt.Fprintf(&sb, ", ")
 873  			}
 874  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "%s=%s", arg, r.ArgValue(i).String())
 875  		}
 876  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "]")
 877  	case EventSync:
 878  		s := e.Sync()
 879  		fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " N=%d", s.N)
 880  		if s.ClockSnapshot != nil {
 881  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, " Trace=%d Mono=%d Wall=%s",
 882  				s.ClockSnapshot.Trace,
 883  				s.ClockSnapshot.Mono,
 884  				s.ClockSnapshot.Wall.Format(time.RFC3339),
 885  			)
 886  		}
 887  	}
 888  	if stk := e.Stack(); stk != NoStack {
 889  		fmt.Fprintln(&sb)
 890  		fmt.Fprintln(&sb, "Stack=")
 891  		for f := range stk.Frames() {
 892  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "\t%s @ 0x%x\n", f.Func, f.PC)
 893  			fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "\t\t%s:%d\n", f.File, f.Line)
 894  		}
 895  	}
 896  	return sb.String()
 897  }
 898  
 899  // validateTableIDs checks to make sure lookups in e.table
 900  // will work.
 901  func (e Event) validateTableIDs() error {
 902  	if e.base.typ == evSync {
 903  		return nil
 904  	}
 905  	spec := tracev2.Specs()[e.base.typ]
 906  
 907  	// Check stacks.
 908  	for _, i := range spec.StackIDs {
 909  		id := stackID(e.base.args[i-1])
 910  		_, ok := e.table.stacks.get(id)
 911  		if !ok {
 912  			return fmt.Errorf("found invalid stack ID %d for event %s", id, spec.Name)
 913  		}
 914  	}
 915  	// N.B. Strings referenced by stack frames are validated
 916  	// early on, when reading the stacks in to begin with.
 917  
 918  	// Check bytes.
 919  	for _, i := range spec.StringIDs {
 920  		id := stringID(e.base.args[i-1])
 921  		_, ok := e.table.bytes.get(id)
 922  		if !ok {
 923  			return fmt.Errorf("found invalid string ID %d for event %s", id, spec.Name)
 924  		}
 925  	}
 926  	return nil
 927  }
 928  
 929  func syncEvent(table *evTable, ts Time, n int) Event {
 930  	ev := Event{
 931  		table: table,
 932  		ctx: schedCtx{
 933  			G: NoGoroutine,
 934  			P: NoProc,
 935  			M: NoThread,
 936  		},
 937  		base: baseEvent{
 938  			typ:  evSync,
 939  			time: ts,
 940  		},
 941  	}
 942  	ev.base.args[0] = uint64(n)
 943  	return ev
 944  }
 945